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Cambridge IELTS 16 - Academic - Teste 1 - Leitura - Passagem 2

Aprenda vocabulário do Cambridge IELTS 16 Academic, Test 1 Reading Passage 2, e revise palavras e expressões úteis deste texto de leitura.

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Cambridge IELTS 16 - Academic
heading
heading
[substantivo]

a short title placed above a section of text to indicate what it is about

cabeçalho,  título

cabeçalho, título

Ex: Each chapter begins with a large heading. 
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artifact
artifact
[substantivo]

a man-made object, tool, weapon, etc. that was created in the past and holds historical or cultural significance

artefato, objeto manufaturado

artefato, objeto manufaturado

Ex: This artifact, a beautifully carved statue, was a significant find that helped date the historical site. 

Este artefato, uma estátua lindamente esculpida, foi uma descoberta significativa que ajudou a datar o sítio histórico.

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pyramid
pyramid
[substantivo]

a stone monument built in ancient Egypt usually as a tomb for the pharaohs, which has a triangular or square base that slopes up to the top

pirâmide, monumento piramidal

pirâmide, monumento piramidal

Ex: The Great Pyramid of Giza is one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. 

A pirâmide de Gizé é uma das sete maravilhas do mundo antigo.

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certainty
certainty
[substantivo]

a fact or event that is certain to be true or happen

certeza,  certeza

certeza, certeza

Ex: She treated his promotion as a certainty rather than a possibility. 
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definite
definite
[adjetivo]

expressed with clarity and precision, leaving no doubt as to the meaning or intention

definitivo, claro

definitivo, claro

Ex: She gave a definite answer about attending the meeting. 
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overview
overview
[substantivo]

a broad, general summary that covers the main aspects or features of a subject

visão geral, resumo

visão geral, resumo

Ex: The brochure included an overview of the services offered by the hotel. 

O folheto incluía um resumo dos serviços oferecidos pelo hotel.

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external
external
[adjetivo]

related to the outer layer or structure of something

externo, exterior

externo, exterior

Ex: Doctors examined the external parts of the ear. 
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burial
burial
[substantivo]

the act of burying a dead body or the ceremony in which a dead body is buried

enterro, sepultamento

enterro, sepultamento

Ex: Archaeologists discovered an ancient burial site near the river. 

Os arqueólogos descobriram um antigo local de enterro perto do rio.

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remains
remains
[substantivo]

surviving parts or traces of buildings, objects, or other things from the distant past

restos,  vestígios

restos, vestígios

Ex: Researchers studied the remains of an ancient road beneath the field. 
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monument
monument
[substantivo]

a structure, statue, or other object built to commemorate a person or important event

Ex: Flowers were placed at the monument during the memorial ceremony. 
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enormous
enormous
[adjetivo]

extremely large in physical dimensions

enorme, gigantesco

enorme, gigantesco

Ex: The tree in their backyard was enormous, providing shade for the entire garden. 

A árvore em seu quintal era enorme, fornecendo sombra para todo o jardim.

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grand
grand
[adjetivo]

magnificent in size and appearance

grandioso, magnífico

grandioso, magnífico

Ex: The grand oak tree in their backyard provided ample shade during the summer. 
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tribute
tribute
[substantivo]

something said, done, or given to show respect, admiration, or gratitude

homenagem,  tributo

homenagem, tributo

Ex: Daniel paid tribute to his parents for supporting him throughout his education. 
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dynasty
dynasty
[substantivo]

a lineage of kings who rule a country or nation over a long period of time

dinastia

dinastia

Ex: The business was run like a modern-day dynasty, passed down through three generations of the family. 

O negócio era administrado como uma dinastia moderna, transmitida através de três gerações da família.

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reign
reign
[substantivo]

the period during which a particular monarch rules

reinado

reinado

Ex: Historians have written extensively about the emperor's reign. 
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tomb
tomb
[substantivo]

an overground or underground grave that is large in size and is often made of stone

túmulo, sepulcro

túmulo, sepulcro

Ex: Visitors came from far and wide to see the famous royal tomb. 

Visitantes vieram de longe para ver o famoso túmulo real.

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passage
passage
[substantivo]

a route, path, or corridor that allows movement from one place to another

passagem, corredor

passagem, corredor

Ex: The zoo installed a passage connecting two enclosures. 
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deceased
deceased
[adjetivo]

referring to a person who has recently died

falecido, defunto

falecido, defunto

Ex: The deceased patient's medical records were reviewed to understand the circumstances of their death. 

Os prontuários médicos do paciente falecido foram revisados para entender as circunstâncias de sua morte.

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official
official
[substantivo]

a person who holds a position of authority or responsibility in an organization or government

funcionário, oficial

funcionário, oficial

Ex: Local officials enforce safety regulations. 
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to conceive

to form or develop an idea, plan, or concept in the mind

Ex: Researchers are conceiving new methods for storing renewable energy. 
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to stack
to stack
[verbo]

to arrange things in an orderly pile, one on top of another

empilhar,  amontoar

empilhar, amontoar

Ex: Michael stacked the firewood under a covered shelter. 
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slab
slab
[substantivo]

a thick and flat piece of hard material, such as a stone, metal, wood, etc. that is usually in the shape of a square or rectangle

laje, placa

laje, placa

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scholar
scholar
[substantivo]

a person who has extensive knowledge of or conducts serious study in a particular academic subject

Ex: She is a visiting scholar at a university in Tokyo. 
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to attribute

to relate or assign a feature or quality to something or someone

atribuir, imputar

atribuir, imputar

Ex: People often attribute confidence to those who speak clearly. 
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to owe
to owe
[verbo]

to carry a sense of gratitude, recognition, or indebtedness toward someone or something for intellectual or abstract contributions

dever, sentir-se grato

dever, sentir-se grato

Ex: He feels he owes a debt of acknowledgment to the countless authors who shaped his literary perspective. 
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to pile
to pile
[verbo]

to lay things on top of each other

empilhar, amontoar

empilhar, amontoar

Ex: She is currently piling logs of wood in the backyard for the winter. 
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mass
mass
[substantivo]

something great in size, volume, or magnitude

massa, volume

massa, volume

Ex: A mass of paperwork covered the desk. 
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inward
inward
[adjetivo]

directed or moving toward the inside or center

interno, para dentro

interno, para dentro

Ex: The inward flow of water increased after the rainstorm. 

O fluxo para dentro da água aumentou após a tempestade.

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incline
incline
[substantivo]

an inclined surface connecting two levels

inclinação, plano inclinado

inclinação, plano inclinado

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temple
temple
[substantivo]

a building used for religious worship, especially in religions such as Hinduism and Buddhism

Ex: The ruins of a Roman temple were discovered near the city. 
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courtyard
courtyard
[substantivo]

an area with no roof that is partially or completely surrounded by walls, often forming a part of a large building

pátio, claustro

pátio, claustro

Ex: The restaurant had an outdoor courtyard where diners could eat under the stars. 

O restaurante tinha um pátio ao ar livre onde os clientes podiam comer sob as estrelas.

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shrine
shrine
[substantivo]

a place or building for people to pray in, which is considered holy by many due to its connection with a sacred person, event, or object

santuário, local de peregrinação

santuário, local de peregrinação

Ex: The shrine attracts thousands of devotees during religious festivals and special occasions. 

O santuário atrai milhares de devotos durante festivais religiosos e ocasiões especiais.

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living quarters
living quarters
[substantivo]

housing available for people to live in

alojamentos, habitações

alojamentos, habitações

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trench
trench
[substantivo]

a deep, narrow, steep-sided depression on the ocean floor

fossa, vala oceânica

fossa, vala oceânica

Ex: Sediments accumulate in deep-sea trenches over time. 

Os sedimentos se acumulam nas fossas oceânicas profundas ao longo do tempo.

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to incorporate

to include something as part of a larger whole or system

incorporar, integrar

incorporar, integrar

Ex: The recipe incorporates fresh herbs to enhance its flavor. 
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in advance
in advance
[advérbio]

prior to a particular time or event

antecipadamente, com antecedência

antecipadamente, com antecedência

Ex: He always prepares his meals in advance to save time during the busy workweek. 

Ele sempre prepara suas refeições com antecedência para economizar tempo durante a semana de trabalho agitada.

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accomplishment
accomplishment
[substantivo]

a desired and impressive goal achieved through hard work

realização, conquista

realização, conquista

Ex: The completion of the project ahead of schedule was a great accomplishment for the entire team. 

A conclusão do projeto antes do prazo foi uma grande conquista para toda a equipe.

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maze
maze
[substantivo]

a confusing network of paths separated by bushes or walls, designed in a way that confuses the people who pass through

labirinto, dédalo

labirinto, dédalo

Ex: The maze in the garden was filled with twists and turns, making it hard to navigate. 

O labirinto no jardim estava cheio de voltas e reviravoltas, tornando difícil a navegação.

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vessel
vessel
[substantivo]

a container, especially one used for holding liquids

recipiente,  vaso

recipiente, vaso

Ex: The ritual vessel was made of bronze. 
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storeroom
storeroom
[substantivo]

a room where things are kept while they are not needed or used

depósito, despensa

depósito, despensa

Ex: The storeroom is located at the back of the building. 

O depósito está localizado na parte de trás do edifício.

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to inscribe

to mark or engrave a surface with a design or pattern, typically to create a lasting impression or decoration

gravar, inscrever

gravar, inscrever

Ex: As a tradition, graduates often inscribe their yearbooks with fond memories and best wishes for the future. 

Como tradição, os formandos costumam inscrever seus anuários com boas lembranças e melhores desejos para o futuro.

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to represent

to serve as an instance that embodies the characteristics, qualities, or traits associated with a particular category or concept

representar, simbolizar

representar, simbolizar

Ex: In literature, certain characters may represent archetypal figures that embody universal themes and human experiences. 
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to excavate

to uncover or expose by digging, especially to reveal buried artifacts, structures, or remains

escavar, desenterrar

escavar, desenterrar

Ex: Miners excavated a coal seam, removing layers of earth to extract the valuable resource. 

Os mineiros escavaram um veio de carvão, removendo camadas de terra para extrair o recurso valioso.

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predecessor
predecessor
[substantivo]

a person who held a particular job, position, or office before the current holder

Ex: The president met with two of his predecessors at the ceremony. 
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to dump
to dump
[verbo]

to put or drop something somewhere in a rough, careless, or sudden way

jogar,  largar

jogar, largar

Ex: Emma dumped the books beside her desk and left. 
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shaft
shaft
[substantivo]

a deep, narrow, usually vertical or sloping passage extending into the ground, especially in a mine

poço,  poço de mina

poço, poço de mina

Ex: Rescue teams searched the abandoned shaft for the missing miner. 
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precaution
precaution
[substantivo]

an act done to prevent something unpleasant or bad from happening

precaução, medida preventiva

precaução, medida preventiva

Ex: Before going on the hike, she took the precaution of informing her family about her whereabouts. 

Antes de ir fazer a caminhada, ela tomou a precaução de informar sua família sobre seu paradeiro.

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intricate
intricate
[adjetivo]

having many complex parts or details that make it difficult to understand or work with

complexo, detalhado

complexo, detalhado

Ex: The project required an intricate strategy to ensure its success. 

O projeto exigiu uma estratégia intrincada para garantir seu sucesso.

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to overlook

to fail to notice, see, or consider something

ignorar, deixar passar

ignorar, deixar passar

Ex: Daniel checked the list twice to make sure he hadn't overlooked anything. 
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to astonish

to impress or surprise someone very much

espantar, surpreender

espantar, surpreender

Ex: The intricate details of the painting astonished art enthusiasts. 

Os detalhes intrincados da pintura surpreenderam os entusiastas da arte.

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to amaze
to amaze
[verbo]

to greatly surprise someone

maravilhar, surpreender

maravilhar, surpreender

Ex: The generosity of the donation amazed the charity workers. 

A generosidade da doação surpreendeu os trabalhadores da caridade.

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egyptologist
egyptologist
[substantivo]

an archeologist who specializes in Egyptology

egiptólogo, especialista em egiptologia

egiptólogo, especialista em egiptologia

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to constitute

to contribute to the structure or makeup of something

constituir, formar

constituir, formar

Ex: The three branches of government, namely the executive, legislative, and judicial, constitute the foundation of our political system. 
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milestone
milestone
[substantivo]

an event or stage that has a very important impact on the progress of something

marco, etapa importante

marco, etapa importante

Ex: The new law marks a milestone in environmental protection efforts. 

A nova lei marca um marco nos esforços de proteção ambiental.

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archetype
archetype
[substantivo]

someone or something serving as the very typical example of a thing or person

arquétipo, modelo

arquétipo, modelo

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surroundings
surroundings
[substantivo]

the place and things that are around someone or something

ambiente, arredores

ambiente, arredores

Ex: The building stands out sharply from its rural surroundings. 
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accommodation
accommodation
[substantivo]

a place where people live, stay, or work in

alojamento, hospedagem

alojamento, hospedagem

Ex: They found a cozy cabin as their accommodation for the weekend getaway in the mountains. 

Eles encontraram um chalé aconchegante como sua acomodação para o fim de semana nas montanhas.

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to occupy
to occupy
[verbo]

to take up, cover, or use the entire space or extent of something

ocupar, preencher

ocupar, preencher

Ex: The ambitious skyscraper was designed to occupy the skyline 
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to encircle

to create a circular shape around someone or something

circundar, rodear

circundar, rodear

Ex: The protestors planned to encircle the government building in a peaceful demonstration. 

Os manifestantes planejaram cercar o prédio do governo em uma demonstração pacífica.

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to appreciate

to be thankful for something

agradecer, ser grato por

agradecer, ser grato por

Ex: Yesterday, he warmly appreciated the thoughtful birthday gift from his family. 
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possession
possession
[substantivo]

(usually plural) anything that a person has or owns at a specific time

bens, possessões

bens, possessões

Ex: The thief was caught red-handed with stolen possessions in his backpack. 
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to criticize

to evaluate or discuss the merits and faults of a work, idea, or performance

criticar,  comentar

criticar, comentar

Ex: The essay carefully criticizes the author's use of historical evidence. 
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