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Zločin a Trest - Vyšetřování a Forenzní vědy

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Words Related to Crime and Punishment
backup
backup
[Podstatné jméno]

the act of providing assistance or support to someone or something

posila, podpora

posila, podpora

Ex: The soldier was relieved to see backup arrive just in time. 
composite sketch
composite sketch
[Podstatné jméno]

a drawing of a person, usually a suspect, made by combining descriptions from witnesses

fantomový portrét, složená kresba

fantomový portrét, složená kresba

Ex: The police showed a composite sketch. 
clue
clue
[Podstatné jméno]

a piece of evidence that leads someone toward the solution of a crime or problem

stopa, náznak

stopa, náznak

Ex: The detective found a clue at the crime scene—a fingerprint on the window. 
cold case
cold case
[Podstatné jméno]

a criminal investigation that has remained unsolved for a significant period and lacks recent investigative leads

nevyřešený případ, studený případ

nevyřešený případ, studený případ

Ex: The detective was assigned to the cold case unit, focusing on unsolved crimes that had gone inactive for years. 
circumstantial
circumstantial
[Přídavné jméno]

based on indirect evidence rather than direct proof

nepřímý, okolnostní

nepřímý, okolnostní

Ex: The case against him is circumstantial. 
manhunt
manhunt
[Podstatné jméno]

an organized search by police for a person wanted for a crime

lov na člověka, policistické pátrání

lov na člověka, policistické pátrání

Ex: The police launched a manhunt for the suspect. 
lie detector
lie detector
[Podstatné jméno]

a machine that measures bodily changes to see if someone might be lying

detektor lži, polygraf

detektor lži, polygraf

Ex: He was asked to take a lie detector test. 
line-up
line-up
[Podstatné jméno]

a group of people standing next to each other so a witness can try to identify a criminal suspect

identifikační přehlídka, řada podezřelých

identifikační přehlídka, řada podezřelých

Ex: The man stood in a line-up. 
mystery
mystery
[Podstatné jméno]

something that is hard to explain or understand, often involving a puzzling event or situation with an unknown explanation

záhada, tajemství

záhada, tajemství

Ex: The disappearance of the ship remains a mystery to this day. 
open-and-shut case

a case that is very clear and easy to prove because there is strong evidence

Ex: The police said it was an open-and-shut case. 
polygraph
polygraph
[Podstatné jméno]

a machine that measures and records bodily functions like pulse, blood pressure, breathing, and sweating

polygraf, detektor lži

polygraf, detektor lži

Ex: The suspect was connected to a polygraph. 
person of interest

a person the police think may be connected to a crime but who has not been arrested

Ex: The police talked to a person of interest. 
security risk
security risk
[Podstatné jméno]

a person who may be dangerous to a country or organization, especially if trusted with secret information

bezpečnostní riziko, bezpečnostní hrozba

bezpečnostní riziko, bezpečnostní hrozba

Ex: They said he was a security risk. 
customs
customs
[Podstatné jméno]

the place at an airport or port where passengers' bags are checked for illegal goods as they enter a country

celnice, celní kontrola

celnice, celní kontrola

Ex: They passed through customs quickly, as they had nothing to declare. 
to solve
to solve
[sloveso]

to find an answer or solution to a question or problem

řešit, vyřešit

řešit, vyřešit

Ex: A positive attitude can often help you solve various challenges in life. 
stake-out
stake-out
[Podstatné jméno]

a situation in which police secretly watch a place to observe someone or find evidence of a crime

dohled, pozorování

dohled, pozorování

Ex: The police waited outside during the stake-out. 
to stake out
to stake out
[sloveso]

to watch a building continuously, usually by police or reporters, to see who goes in or out

sledovat, pozorovat

sledovat, pozorovat

Ex: The journalist planned to stake the politician's residence out to find out who was entering or leaving. 
surveillance
surveillance
[Podstatné jméno]

the act of monitoring a person or place, especially by the police

dohled, monitorování

dohled, monitorování

Ex: The police increased surveillance in the neighborhood after a series of burglaries. 
to suspect
to suspect
[sloveso]

to think that someone may have committed a crime, without having proof

podezřívat,  mít podezření

podezřívat, mít podezření

Ex: The police began to suspect him after they found his fingerprints at the crime scene. 
private detective
private detective
[Podstatné jméno]

a person who is hired to investigate crimes or personal matters, but is not a police officer

soukromý detektiv, soukromý vyšetřovatel

soukromý detektiv, soukromý vyšetřovatel

Ex: She hired a private detective to find her missing cat. 
vigilante
vigilante
[Podstatné jméno]

an individual or group of individuals who take the law into their own hands, acting outside the legal system to enforce their version of justice or address perceived wrongs

bdělý občan, samosoudce

bdělý občan, samosoudce

Ex: In the absence of effective law enforcement, some residents formed a vigilante group to combat rising crime in their neighborhood. 
vigilantism
vigilantism
[Podstatné jméno]

the act of taking the law into your own hands instead of relying on the police

bdělost, samosoud

bdělost, samosoud

Ex: The town faced problems because of vigilantism. 
wanted
wanted
[Přídavné jméno]

actively sought by law enforcement due to involvement in criminal activity

hledaný, uprchlý

hledaný, uprchlý

Ex: After the daring robbery, the suspect was labeled wanted and became a headline in the news. 
watchlist
watchlist
[Podstatné jméno]

a list of people or groups that authorities watch closely because they may be dangerous

seznam sledovaných, pozorovací seznam

seznam sledovaných, pozorovací seznam

Ex: His name is on the watch list. 
eyewitness
eyewitness
[Podstatné jméno]

someone who has personally seen of an object, event, etc. and can describe it

očitý svědek, svědek

očitý svědek, svědek

Ex: The police interviewed the eyewitness to gather details about the robbery. 
alibi
alibi
[Podstatné jméno]

proof that indicates a person was somewhere other than the place where a crime took place and therefore could not have committed it

alibi

alibi

Ex: The suspect's alibi placed him at a restaurant with friends at the time of the crime. 
autopsy
autopsy
[Podstatné jméno]

an examination of a deceased person's organs to determine the cause of death

pitva, posmrtné vyšetření

pitva, posmrtné vyšetření

Ex: Autopsies are crucial for investigating and determining the cause of death. 
body
body
[Podstatné jméno]

a dead person's physical frame

mrtvola, tělo

mrtvola, tělo

Ex: After the accident, the rescue team recovered the body from the wreckage. 
crime scene
crime scene
[Podstatné jméno]

the place where a crime happened and where police look for evidence

místo činu, scéna zločinu

místo činu, scéna zločinu

Ex: The police went to the crime scene. 
forensic
forensic
[Přídavné jméno]

related to the use of scientific techniques when trying to know more about a crime

forenzní, kriminalistický

forenzní, kriminalistický

Ex: The forensic team collected DNA, fingerprint, and fiber evidence from the crime scene. 
forensics
forensics
[Podstatné jméno]

the scientific techniques that help police solve crimes

kriminalistika, forenzní věda

kriminalistika, forenzní věda

Ex: She majored in forensics science in college in hopes of becoming a crime scene investigator. 
fingerprint
fingerprint
[Podstatné jméno]

a mark made by the unique pattern of lines on the tip of a person's finger, can be used to find out who has committed a crime

otisk prstu, prstová stopa

otisk prstu, prstová stopa

Ex: Detectives found a clear fingerprint on the window sill, leading to the identification of the burglar. 
evidence
evidence
[Podstatné jméno]

a statement, document, or object that is used in a law court for establishing facts

důkaz,  svědectví

důkaz, svědectví

Ex: The detectives found crucial evidence at the crime scene that linked the suspect to the murder. 
exhibit
exhibit
[Podstatné jméno]

an item formally introduced and referred to in a legal proceeding as evidence

důkazní předmět, exponát

důkazní předmět, exponát

Ex: The defense objected to the court admitting the surveillance video as an exhibit because its chain of custody was incomplete. 
post-mortem
post-mortem
[Podstatné jméno]

an examination of a body after death to find out the cause

pitva, vyšetření po smrti

pitva, vyšetření po smrti

Ex: The doctor performed a post-mortem. 
to strip-search

to search a person by having them remove their clothes to check for hidden items

prohledat do naha, provést prohlídku s vysvlečením

prohledat do naha, provést prohlídku s vysvlečením

Ex: The police strip-searched the suspect. 
crime lab
crime lab
[Podstatné jméno]

a place where police examine physical evidence from crimes

kriminalistická laboratoř, laboratoř policejní vědy

kriminalistická laboratoř, laboratoř policejní vědy

Ex: The evidence was sent to the crime lab. 
criminology
criminology
[Podstatné jméno]

the study of crimes, criminals, and how crime can be prevented

kriminologie, studium zločinu

kriminologie, studium zločinu

Ex: She is studying criminology at university. 
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