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犯罪与惩罚 - 调查与法证

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Words Related to Crime and Punishment
backup
backup
[名词]

the act of providing assistance or support to someone or something

增援, 支持

增援, 支持

Ex: We had to call for backup when the situation became too dangerous. 

当情况变得太危险时,我们不得不呼叫支援。

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composite sketch

a drawing of a person, usually a suspect, made by combining descriptions from witnesses

合成画像, 组合素描

合成画像, 组合素描

Ex: Witnesses helped create the composite sketch. 

目击者帮助创建了合成素描。

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clue
clue
[名词]

a sign, fact, or piece of information that helps someone discover the answer to a problem, mystery, or question

线索

线索

Ex: The sudden drop in temperature was a clue that the heating system had failed. 
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cold case
cold case
[名词]

a criminal investigation that has remained unsolved for a significant period and lacks recent investigative leads

悬案, 冷案

悬案, 冷案

Ex: Advances in DNA technology have recently helped solve many cold cases that were previously considered unsolvable. 

DNA技术的进步最近帮助解决了许多以前被认为无法解决的悬案。

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circumstantial
circumstantial
[形容词]

based on indirect evidence rather than direct proof

间接的, 情况性的

间接的, 情况性的

Ex: They only had circumstantial evidence. 

他们只有间接证据。

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manhunt
manhunt
[名词]

an organized search by police for a person wanted for a crime

追捕, 警方搜查

追捕, 警方搜查

Ex: A nationwide manhunt was started after the robbery. 

抢劫后,一场全国性的 搜捕 开始了。

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lie detector
lie detector
[名词]

a machine that measures bodily changes to see if someone might be lying

测谎仪, 多导生理记录仪

测谎仪, 多导生理记录仪

Ex: The police used a lie detector during the investigation. 

警方在调查期间使用了 测谎仪。

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line-up
line-up
[名词]

a group of people standing next to each other so a witness can try to identify a criminal suspect

辨认行列, 嫌疑人队列

辨认行列, 嫌疑人队列

Ex: The police showed a line-up to the witness. 

警察向目击者展示了一个 辨认队列。

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mystery
mystery
[名词]

something that cannot be understood or explained because important facts are unknown

谜,  奥秘

谜, 奥秘

Ex: No one has solved the mystery of the missing painting. 
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open-and-shut case

a case that is very clear and easy to prove because there is strong evidence

Ex: This looks like an open-and-shut case to me. 
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polygraph
polygraph
[名词]

a machine that measures and records bodily functions like pulse, blood pressure, breathing, and sweating

测谎仪, 多导生理记录仪

测谎仪, 多导生理记录仪

Ex: Police used a polygraph during the interview. 

警察在面试中使用了 测谎仪。

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person of interest

a person the police think may be connected to a crime but who has not been arrested

Ex: He became a person of interest after the crime. 
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security risk

a person who may be dangerous to a country or organization, especially if trusted with secret information

安全风险, 安全威胁

安全风险, 安全威胁

Ex: The company saw her as a security risk. 

公司将她视为安全风险。

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customs
customs
[名词]

the place at an airport or port where passengers' bags are checked for illegal goods as they enter a country

海关, 海关检查

海关, 海关检查

Ex: She declared the souvenirs she bought abroad to the customs officials. 

她向海关官员申报了她在国外购买的纪念品。

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to solve
to solve
[动词]

to find an answer or solution to a question or problem

解决, 解答

解决, 解答

Ex: Can you solve this riddle before the time runs out? 
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stake-out
stake-out
[名词]

a situation in which police secretly watch a place to observe someone or find evidence of a crime

监视, 盯梢

监视, 盯梢

Ex: They planned a stake-out near the suspect's house. 

他们在嫌疑人的房子附近计划了一次监视。

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to stake out
to stake out
[动词]

to watch a building continuously, usually by police or reporters, to see who goes in or out

持续监视, 蹲守建筑物观察出入人员

持续监视, 蹲守建筑物观察出入人员

Ex: The detectives decided to stake out the suspect's apartment to see who was coming and going. 

侦探们决定监视嫌疑人的公寓,看看谁进谁出。

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surveillance
surveillance
[名词]

the act of monitoring a person or place, especially by the police

监视, 监控

监视, 监控

Ex: Surveillance footage from the security cameras helped solve the case. 

安全摄像头的监控录像帮助解决了这个案子。

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to suspect
to suspect
[动词]

to think that someone may have committed a crime, without having proof

怀疑,  猜疑

怀疑, 猜疑

Ex: The detective suspects the woman of being the mastermind behind the crime. 
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private detective

a person who is hired to investigate crimes or personal matters, but is not a police officer

私家侦探, 私人侦探

私家侦探, 私人侦探

Ex: The private detective followed the suspect. 

私家侦探跟踪了嫌疑人。

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vigilante
vigilante
[名词]

an individual or group of individuals who take the law into their own hands, acting outside the legal system to enforce their version of justice or address perceived wrongs

治安维护者, 义务警员

治安维护者, 义务警员

Ex: The town was divided over the actions of a vigilante who took it upon himself to apprehend suspected thieves. 

这个小镇对一名治安维持者的行为意见分歧,他自行负责逮捕疑似小偷。

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vigilantism
vigilantism
[名词]

the act of taking the law into your own hands instead of relying on the police

警惕主义, 私刑

警惕主义, 私刑

Ex: He was arrested for acts of vigilantism. 

他因私刑行为被捕。

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wanted
wanted
[形容词]

actively sought by law enforcement due to involvement in criminal activity

通缉, 在逃

通缉, 在逃

Ex: The authorities released a list of wanted individuals to enlist public help in their capture. 

当局发布了一份通缉人员名单,以寻求公众帮助抓捕他们。

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watchlist
watchlist
[名词]

a list of people or groups that authorities watch closely because they may be dangerous

监视名单, 观察名单

监视名单, 观察名单

Ex: The police added him to their watch list. 

警方将他添加到他们的监视名单中。

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eyewitness
eyewitness
[名词]

someone who has personally seen of an object, event, etc. and can describe it

目击者, 证人

目击者, 证人

Ex: As an eyewitness to the accident, she was able to describe exactly what happened. 

作为事故的目击者,她能够准确地描述发生的事情。

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alibi
alibi
[名词]

proof that indicates a person was somewhere other than the place where a crime took place and therefore could not have committed it

不在场证明

不在场证明

Ex: The defense attorney presented several witnesses to support the defendant's alibi. 

辩护律师提出了几位证人来支持被告的不在场证明。

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autopsy
autopsy
[名词]

an examination of a deceased person's organs to determine the cause of death

尸检, 死后检查

尸检, 死后检查

Ex: Autopsies are carried out with a focus on accuracy and thoroughness. 

尸检以准确和彻底为重点进行。

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body
body
[名词]

a dead person's physical frame

尸体, 遗体

尸体, 遗体

Ex: His body lay in state for three days, allowing mourners to pay their respects. 
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crime scene
crime scene
[名词]

the place where a crime happened and where police look for evidence

犯罪现场, 案发现场

犯罪现场, 案发现场

Ex: They found a bag at the crime scene. 

他们在犯罪现场发现了一个包。

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forensic
forensic
[形容词]

related to the use of scientific techniques when trying to know more about a crime

法医的, 刑事的

法医的, 刑事的

Ex: Forensic analysis of the ballistics from the shooting helped prosecutors reconstruct what happened. 

对枪击事件的弹道进行法医分析帮助检察官重建了发生的事情。

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forensics
forensics
[名词]

the scientific techniques that help police solve crimes

法医学, 刑事科学

法医学, 刑事科学

Ex: Digital forensics tools allowed them to recover deleted text messages from the suspect's smartphone. 

数字取证工具使他们能够从嫌疑人的智能手机中恢复已删除的短信。

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fingerprint
fingerprint
[名词]

a mark made by the unique pattern of lines on the tip of a person's finger, can be used to find out who has committed a crime

指纹, 指印

指纹, 指印

Ex: Forensic experts lifted several fingerprints from the crime scene for analysis. 

法医专家从犯罪现场提取了几个指纹进行分析。

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evidence
evidence
[名词]

a statement, document, or object that is used in a law court for establishing facts

证据,  证物

证据, 证物

Ex: The evidence was overwhelming, and the jury quickly reached a verdict, convicting the defendant of all charges. 
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exhibit
exhibit
[名词]

an object, document, photograph, or other item formally presented as evidence in a legal proceeding

证物,  证据

证物, 证据

Ex: The jury examined several exhibits during the trial. 
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to strip-search

to search a person by having them remove their clothes to check for hidden items

裸体搜查, 脱衣搜查

裸体搜查, 脱衣搜查

Ex: Guards strip-searched all visitors entering the prison. 

警卫对进入监狱的所有访客进行了 裸体搜查。

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crime lab
crime lab
[名词]

a place where police examine physical evidence from crimes

犯罪实验室, 刑事鉴定实验室

犯罪实验室, 刑事鉴定实验室

Ex: Scientists at the crime lab tested the sample. 

犯罪实验室的科学家测试了样本。

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criminology
criminology
[名词]

the study of crimes, criminals, and how crime can be prevented

犯罪学, 犯罪研究

犯罪学, 犯罪研究

Ex: Criminology helps understand why people commit crimes. 

犯罪学有助于理解人们为什么犯罪。

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postmortem
postmortem
[名词]

an examination of a dead body to establish the cause of death or identify effects of disease

尸检, 验尸

尸检, 验尸

Ex: The postmortem revealed evidence of severe internal bleeding. 
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