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Zbrodnia i kara - Dochodzenie i Kryminalistyka

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Words Related to Crime and Punishment
backup
backup
[Rzeczownik]

the act of providing assistance or support to someone or something

wsparcie, pomoc

wsparcie, pomoc

Ex: The soldier was relieved to see backup arrive just in time. 
composite sketch
composite sketch
[Rzeczownik]

a drawing of a person, usually a suspect, made by combining descriptions from witnesses

portret pamięciowy, rysunek złożony

portret pamięciowy, rysunek złożony

Ex: The police showed a composite sketch. 
clue
clue
[Rzeczownik]

a piece of evidence that leads someone toward the solution of a crime or problem

wskazówka, trop

wskazówka, trop

Ex: The detective found a clue at the crime scene—a fingerprint on the window. 
cold case
cold case
[Rzeczownik]

a criminal investigation that has remained unsolved for a significant period and lacks recent investigative leads

niewyjaśniona sprawa, cold case

niewyjaśniona sprawa, cold case

Ex: The detective was assigned to the cold case unit, focusing on unsolved crimes that had gone inactive for years. 
circumstantial
circumstantial
[przymiotnik]

based on indirect evidence rather than direct proof

poszlakowy, pośredni

poszlakowy, pośredni

Ex: The case against him is circumstantial. 
manhunt
manhunt
[Rzeczownik]

an organized search by police for a person wanted for a crime

polowanie na człowieka, poszukiwania policyjne

polowanie na człowieka, poszukiwania policyjne

Ex: The police launched a manhunt for the suspect. 
lie detector
lie detector
[Rzeczownik]

a machine that measures bodily changes to see if someone might be lying

wykrywacz kłamstw, poligraf

wykrywacz kłamstw, poligraf

Ex: He was asked to take a lie detector test. 
line-up
line-up
[Rzeczownik]

a group of people standing next to each other so a witness can try to identify a criminal suspect

parada identyfikacyjna, szereg podejrzanych

parada identyfikacyjna, szereg podejrzanych

Ex: The man stood in a line-up. 
mystery
mystery
[Rzeczownik]

something that is hard to explain or understand, often involving a puzzling event or situation with an unknown explanation

tajemnica, zagadka

tajemnica, zagadka

Ex: The disappearance of the ship remains a mystery to this day. 
open-and-shut case

a case that is very clear and easy to prove because there is strong evidence

Ex: The police said it was an open-and-shut case. 
polygraph
polygraph
[Rzeczownik]

a machine that measures and records bodily functions like pulse, blood pressure, breathing, and sweating

poligraf, wykrywacz kłamstw

poligraf, wykrywacz kłamstw

Ex: The suspect was connected to a polygraph. 
person of interest

a person the police think may be connected to a crime but who has not been arrested

Ex: The police talked to a person of interest. 
security risk
security risk
[Rzeczownik]

a person who may be dangerous to a country or organization, especially if trusted with secret information

zagrożenie bezpieczeństwa, ryzyko dla bezpieczeństwa

zagrożenie bezpieczeństwa, ryzyko dla bezpieczeństwa

Ex: They said he was a security risk. 
customs
customs
[Rzeczownik]

the place at an airport or port where passengers' bags are checked for illegal goods as they enter a country

cło, kontrola celna

cło, kontrola celna

Ex: They passed through customs quickly, as they had nothing to declare. 
to solve
to solve
[Czasownik]

to find an answer or solution to a question or problem

rozwiązywać, rozstrzygać

rozwiązywać, rozstrzygać

Ex: A positive attitude can often help you solve various challenges in life. 
stake-out
stake-out
[Rzeczownik]

a situation in which police secretly watch a place to observe someone or find evidence of a crime

nadzór, obserwacja

nadzór, obserwacja

Ex: The police waited outside during the stake-out. 
to stake out
to stake out
[Czasownik]

to watch a building continuously, usually by police or reporters, to see who goes in or out

obserwować, śledzić

obserwować, śledzić

Ex: The journalist planned to stake the politician's residence out to find out who was entering or leaving. 
surveillance
surveillance
[Rzeczownik]

the act of monitoring a person or place, especially by the police

nadzór, monitorowanie

nadzór, monitorowanie

Ex: The police increased surveillance in the neighborhood after a series of burglaries. 
to suspect
to suspect
[Czasownik]

to think that someone may have committed a crime, without having proof

podejrzewać,  posądzać

podejrzewać, posądzać

Ex: The police began to suspect him after they found his fingerprints at the crime scene. 
private detective
private detective
[Rzeczownik]

a person who is hired to investigate crimes or personal matters, but is not a police officer

detektyw prywatny, prywatny śledczy

detektyw prywatny, prywatny śledczy

Ex: She hired a private detective to find her missing cat. 
vigilante
vigilante
[Rzeczownik]

an individual or group of individuals who take the law into their own hands, acting outside the legal system to enforce their version of justice or address perceived wrongs

członek straży obywatelskiej, samozwańczy sędzia

członek straży obywatelskiej, samozwańczy sędzia

Ex: In the absence of effective law enforcement, some residents formed a vigilante group to combat rising crime in their neighborhood. 
vigilantism
vigilantism
[Rzeczownik]

the act of taking the law into your own hands instead of relying on the police

czujność, samowola

czujność, samowola

Ex: The town faced problems because of vigilantism. 
wanted
wanted
[przymiotnik]

actively sought by law enforcement due to involvement in criminal activity

poszukiwany, zbiegły

poszukiwany, zbiegły

Ex: After the daring robbery, the suspect was labeled wanted and became a headline in the news. 
watchlist
watchlist
[Rzeczownik]

a list of people or groups that authorities watch closely because they may be dangerous

lista obserwacyjna, lista nadzoru

lista obserwacyjna, lista nadzoru

Ex: His name is on the watch list. 
eyewitness
eyewitness
[Rzeczownik]

someone who has personally seen of an object, event, etc. and can describe it

naoczny świadek, świadek

naoczny świadek, świadek

Ex: The police interviewed the eyewitness to gather details about the robbery. 
alibi
alibi
[Rzeczownik]

proof that indicates a person was somewhere other than the place where a crime took place and therefore could not have committed it

alibi

alibi

Ex: The suspect's alibi placed him at a restaurant with friends at the time of the crime. 
autopsy
autopsy
[Rzeczownik]

an examination of a deceased person's organs to determine the cause of death

autopsja, badanie pośmiertne

autopsja, badanie pośmiertne

Ex: Autopsies are crucial for investigating and determining the cause of death. 
body
body
[Rzeczownik]

a dead person's physical frame

zwłoki, ciało

zwłoki, ciało

Ex: After the accident, the rescue team recovered the body from the wreckage. 
crime scene
crime scene
[Rzeczownik]

the place where a crime happened and where police look for evidence

miejsce zbrodni, scena zbrodni

miejsce zbrodni, scena zbrodni

Ex: The police went to the crime scene. 
forensic
forensic
[przymiotnik]

related to the use of scientific techniques when trying to know more about a crime

kryminalistyczny, sądowo-lekarski

kryminalistyczny, sądowo-lekarski

Ex: The forensic team collected DNA, fingerprint, and fiber evidence from the crime scene. 
forensics
forensics
[Rzeczownik]

the scientific techniques that help police solve crimes

kryminalistyka, nauki sądowe

kryminalistyka, nauki sądowe

Ex: She majored in forensics science in college in hopes of becoming a crime scene investigator. 
fingerprint
fingerprint
[Rzeczownik]

a mark made by the unique pattern of lines on the tip of a person's finger, can be used to find out who has committed a crime

odcisk palca, ślad palca

odcisk palca, ślad palca

Ex: Detectives found a clear fingerprint on the window sill, leading to the identification of the burglar. 
evidence
evidence
[Rzeczownik]

a statement, document, or object that is used in a law court for establishing facts

dowód,  świadectwo

dowód, świadectwo

Ex: The detectives found crucial evidence at the crime scene that linked the suspect to the murder. 
exhibit
exhibit
[Rzeczownik]

an item formally introduced and referred to in a legal proceeding as evidence

dowód rzeczowy, eksponat

dowód rzeczowy, eksponat

Ex: The defense objected to the court admitting the surveillance video as an exhibit because its chain of custody was incomplete. 
post-mortem
post-mortem
[Rzeczownik]

an examination of a body after death to find out the cause

autopsja, badanie pośmiertne

autopsja, badanie pośmiertne

Ex: The doctor performed a post-mortem. 
to strip-search
to strip-search
[Czasownik]

to search a person by having them remove their clothes to check for hidden items

przeszukać do naga, przeprowadzić rewizję osobistą z rozbieraniem

przeszukać do naga, przeprowadzić rewizję osobistą z rozbieraniem

Ex: The police strip-searched the suspect. 
crime lab
crime lab
[Rzeczownik]

a place where police examine physical evidence from crimes

laboratorium kryminalistyczne, laboratorium policyjne

laboratorium kryminalistyczne, laboratorium policyjne

Ex: The evidence was sent to the crime lab. 
criminology
criminology
[Rzeczownik]

the study of crimes, criminals, and how crime can be prevented

kryminologia, badanie przestępczości

kryminologia, badanie przestępczości

Ex: She is studying criminology at university. 
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