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Slovní zásoba pro IELTS General (Skóre 6-7) - Human Body

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Vocabulary for General Training IELTS (6-7)
organ
organ
[Podstatné jméno]

any vital part of the body which has a particular function

orgán

orgán

Ex: The heart is a vital organ responsible for pumping blood throughout the body. 
genitals
genitals
[Podstatné jméno]

the external sex organs of the body

genitálie, pohlavní orgány

genitálie, pohlavní orgány

Ex: The doctor conducted a thorough examination of the patient's genitals during the routine check-up. 
limb
limb
[Podstatné jméno]

an arm or a leg of a person or any four-legged animal, or a wing of any bird

končetina, paže nebo noha

končetina, paže nebo noha

Ex: The athlete injured his limb during the race and had to withdraw from the competition. 
nervous system
nervous system
[Podstatné jméno]

the network of neurons and fibers that interpret stimuli and transmit impulses from the body to the brain

nervová soustava, neuronová síť

nervová soustava, neuronová síť

immune system
immune system
[Podstatné jméno]

a protective system in the body that defends it against diseases and harmful substances

imunitní systém

imunitní systém

Ex: The immune system is the body's defense mechanism against pathogens and foreign substances, comprised of various cells, tissues, and organs. 
digestive system
digestive system
[Podstatné jméno]

the group of organs inside the body that absorb the food and pass the waste

trávicí soustava, zažívací systém

trávicí soustava, zažívací systém

Ex: Within the digestive system, enzymes and acids collaborate to break down food into smaller molecules for absorption. 
respiratory system
respiratory system
[Podstatné jméno]

a biological system that facilitates the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide, primarily through the lungs

dýchací systém

dýchací systém

Ex: Lungs are part of the respiratory system. 
reproductive system
reproductive system
[Podstatné jméno]

the biological system in organisms that enables the production of offspring through sexual reproduction

reprodukční systém, pohlavní soustava

reprodukční systém, pohlavní soustava

Ex: The reproductive system makes babies. 
musculoskeletal system
musculoskeletal system
[Podstatné jméno]

the complex network of bones, muscles, and connective tissues supporting the body's structure and enabling movement

svalově-kosterní systém, pohybový aparát

svalově-kosterní systém, pohybový aparát

Ex: The musculoskeletal system helps us move. 
gland
gland
[Podstatné jméno]

an organ in the body that produces certain chemical substances to be used in the body or to be discharged into the surroundings

žláza, sekretorický orgán

žláza, sekretorický orgán

Ex: The endocrine system includes glands such as the thyroid and adrenal glands, which regulate hormones in the body. 
cardiovascular system
cardiovascular system
[Podstatné jméno]

a complex network of the heart, blood, and blood vessels that transports oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to cells throughout the body and removes waste products

kardiovaskulární systém, oběhová soustava

kardiovaskulární systém, oběhová soustava

Ex: The cardiovascular system keeps us alive. 
torso
torso
[Podstatné jméno]

the upper part of the human body, excluding the arms and the head

trup, horní část těla

trup, horní část těla

Ex: The artist sculpted a lifelike statue of a human torso, capturing the muscular contours with precision. 
dorsum
dorsum
[Podstatné jméno]

the upper or posterior surface of a body

hřbet, dorzální povrch

hřbet, dorzální povrch

Ex: The massage therapist focused on the dorsum to relieve tension in his muscles. 
abdomen
abdomen
[Podstatné jméno]

the lower part of the body below the chest that contains the digestive and reproductive organs

břicho, abdomen

břicho, abdomen

Ex: He winced as the doctor pressed on his abdomen, searching for signs of tenderness or swelling. 
physique
physique
[Podstatné jméno]

the natural constitution or physical structure of a person

tělesná stavba, postava

tělesná stavba, postava

Ex: His tall physique made him stand out in the crowd. 
figure
figure
[Podstatné jméno]

the shape of a person's body, particularly a woman, when it is considered appealing

postava, silueta

postava, silueta

Ex: She admired her friend's figure, appreciating the graceful curves and proportions that made her look stunning. 
sweat
sweat
[Podstatné jméno]

the body's way of cooling down with a salty liquid

pot,  pocení

pot, pocení

Ex: The athletes' sweat dripped onto the gym floor as they pushed themselves to the limit. 
calorie
calorie
[Podstatné jméno]

the unit used to measure the amount of energy that a food produces

kalorie

kalorie

Ex: Consuming more calories than your body needs can lead to weight gain over time. 
mass
mass
[Podstatné jméno]

the amount of matter in an individual, often used to describe the overall weight or size of the body

hmotnost, objem

hmotnost, objem

Ex: Bodybuilders aim to increase muscle mass. 
bloodstream
bloodstream
[Podstatné jméno]

the flowing blood in a circulatory system, moving through vessels to transport oxygen, nutrients, and waste products throughout the body

krevní oběh, proudění krve

krevní oběh, proudění krve

Ex: The antibiotic injection delivered medicine directly into the patient's bloodstream, speeding up recovery. 
endurance
endurance
[Podstatné jméno]

the capacity to withstand difficult or unpleasant circumstances without giving up

vytrvalost, odolnost

vytrvalost, odolnost

Ex: Marathon runners train for months to build their endurance for the grueling 26.2-mile race. 
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