Akademisches IELTS (Band 8 und Höher) - Biologie
Hier lernen Sie einige englische Wörter im Zusammenhang mit Biologie, die für die akademische IELTS-Prüfung erforderlich sind.
Überprüfen
Lernkarten
Rechtschreibung
Quiz
a tiny structure within cells that assembles proteins by reading the genetic instructions carried by messenger RNA
Ribosom
a cellular organelle involved in the processing, packaging, and distribution of proteins and lipids within the cell, consisting of a stack of flattened membrane sacs called cisternae
Golgi-Apparat
a small, enzyme-filled sac in a cell that breaks down waste materials and unwanted substances
Lysosom
an organelle that is abundantly present in most cells and is responsible for energy production
Mitochondrium
a very small threadlike structure in a living organism that carries the genes and genetic information
Chromosom
a plant cell organelle that uses sunlight to produce energy and make glucose through photosynthesis
Chloroplasten
the gel-like, semifluid substance within a cell that surrounds the organelles, providing a medium for cellular activities, including metabolism, transport of substances, and support for cellular structures
Zytoplasma
a cell that has had its nucleus removed or the cellular material excluding the nucleus
Zytoplast
a network of protein fibers in a cell that gives it shape, supports its structure, and aids in movement
Zytoskelett
a molecule that forms the basic building block of DNA and RNA, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
Nukleotid
a linear chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds, forming a primary structure of a protein
eine Reihe miteinander verbundener Aminosäuren
a specialized, membrane-bound structure within a cell that performs specific functions, contributing to the cell's overall structure and function
Organelle
a cell organelle in plants, fungi, and some protists that stores nutrients, manages waste, and helps maintain cell pressure
Vakuole
a pair of small cylinders near the nucleus in animal cells, organizing cell division by forming the mitotic spindle
Zentriol
a repetitive DNA sequence at the end of a linear chromosome, protecting it from deterioration during replication, and playing a role in cellular aging and cancer development
Telomer
a type of protein that plays a structural role in the packaging of DNA into nucleosomes, fundamental units of chromatin
Histon
the observable physical and behavioral characteristics of an organism, resulting from the interaction of its genotype (genetic makeup) with the environment
Phänotyp
the tendency of an organism or cell to regulate its internal environment and maintain a stable, balanced condition, despite external changes
Homöostase
the process by which the information encoded in the sequence of nucleotides in DNA is converted into a functional product, typically a protein
Übersetzung (Biologie)
the process by which a segment of DNA is used as a template to synthesize a complementary RNA molecule
Transkription (Biologie)
the process by which an organism duplicates its genetic material, particularly the copying of DNA in cell division
DNA Replikation
an individual organism or cell with two different alleles at a specific gene locus, having inherited different genetic information from each parent
heterozygot
an individual organism or cell with two identical alleles at a specific gene locus, having inherited the same genetic information from both parents
homozygot
a sequence of three adjacent nucleotides in mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid during protein synthesis or serves as a start or stop signal in the translation process
genetischer Code
a close and often long-term interaction between two different species living in close physical association, typically to the advantage of both
Symbiose
a single-celled, microscopic organism belonging to the group of protozoa, characterized by a flexible cell membrane and the absence of a fixed body shape
einzelliger Organismus, der in Wasser und Boden vorkommt
the protein coat of a virus that encases its genetic material and helps it attach to and enter host cells during infection
Kapsid
a green pigment found in all green plants and cyanobacteria that is responsible for the absorption of the sunlight needed for the photosynthesis process
Chlorofil
a type of living thing with cells that have a nucleus and other structures enclosed in membranes, like plants, animals, fungi, and some microorganisms
Eukaryoten
an offspring of a human or animal that is not born yet, particularly a human aged more than eight weeks after conception
Fötus
a mature, female reproductive cell or egg, typically larger than a sperm cell, capable of fusing with a sperm cell during fertilization to form a zygote
Ovum
an enzyme produced in the stomach that helps in the digestion of proteins by breaking them down into smaller peptides
Pepsin
a molecule that carries energy within cells, composed of adenine, a ribose sugar, and three phosphate groups
Adenosintriphosphat
a simple, single-celled organism that lacks a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, such as bacteria and archaea
Prokaryoten