高级学术雅思词汇"生物学"

在这里,你将学习一些与生物学相关的英语单词,这些单词是学术雅思考试所必需的。

review-disable

审查

flashcard-disable

闪卡

spelling-disable

拼写

quiz-disable

测验

开始学习
IELTS学术词汇 (分数8-9)
ribosome [名词]
اجرا کردن

核糖体

Ex: Ribosomes are the cellular factories responsible for building proteins, essential for various biological functions.

核糖体是负责构建蛋白质的细胞工厂,对各种生物功能至关重要。

اجرا کردن

高尔基体

Ex: The Golgi apparatus modifies and packages proteins , ensuring they are properly shaped and functional .

高尔基体修饰和包装蛋白质,确保它们形状正确且功能正常。

lysosome [名词]
اجرا کردن

溶酶体

Ex: Lysosomes act as the "recycling centers" of cells, breaking down and digesting cellular waste materials.

溶酶体充当细胞的“回收中心”,分解和消化细胞废物。

اجرا کردن

线粒体

Ex: The mitochondrion is a membrane-bound organelle found in most eukaryotic cells .

线粒体是一种存在于大多数真核细胞中的膜结合细胞器。

chloroplast [名词]
اجرا کردن

叶绿体

Ex: Chloroplasts are the green structures in plant cells where photosynthesis , the process of converting light into energy , takes place .

叶绿体是植物细胞中的绿色结构,光合作用即把光转化为能量的过程在此进行。

cytoplasm [名词]
اجرا کردن

细胞质

Ex: Cytoplasm fills the interior of a cell, serving as a supportive medium for cellular structures and activities.

细胞质填充细胞的内部,作为细胞结构和活动的支持介质。

cytoplast [名词]
اجرا کردن

胞质体

Ex: The scientist carefully examined the cytoplast under the microscope to analyze its cellular structure .

科学家在显微镜下仔细检查了胞质体以分析其细胞结构。

اجرا کردن

细胞骨架

Ex: The cytoskeleton acts like a cell 's internal scaffolding , maintaining its shape and structural integrity .

细胞骨架就像细胞的内部支架,维持其形状和结构完整性。

nucleotide [名词]
اجرا کردن

核苷酸

Ex: The sequence of nucleotides in DNA determines genetic information .

DNA中核苷酸的序列决定了遗传信息。

genome [名词]
اجرا کردن

基因组

Ex: The human genome consists of approximately 3 billion base pairs of DNA, encoding all the information needed for human development and function.

人类基因组由大约30亿个DNA碱基对组成,编码了人类发育和功能所需的所有信息。

polypeptide [名词]
اجرا کردن

多肽

Ex: Insulin is a polypeptide hormone that regulates blood sugar levels.

胰岛素是一种多肽激素,可调节血糖水平。

organelle [名词]
اجرا کردن

细胞器

Ex: The nucleus , an organelle housing genetic material , regulates cell activities .

细胞核是一种细胞器,容纳遗传物质,调节细胞活动。

vacuole [名词]
اجرا کردن

液泡

Ex: Vacuoles in plant cells may contain pigments , giving flowers and fruits their vibrant colors .

植物细胞中的液泡可能含有色素,赋予花朵和果实鲜艳的颜色。

centriole [名词]
اجرا کردن

中心粒

Ex: Centrioles play a crucial role in animal cell division , forming the mitotic spindle .

中心粒在动物细胞分裂中起着至关重要的作用,形成有丝分裂纺锤体。

telomere [名词]
اجرا کردن

端粒

Ex: Think of telomeres as the plastic tips on the ends of a phone charger cable that keep it from wearing out .

端粒想象成手机充电线末端的塑料头,防止其磨损。

histone [名词]
اجرا کردن

组蛋白

Ex: Histones act as spools around which DNA winds, forming compact structures called nucleosomes.

组蛋白作为线轴,DNA围绕其缠绕,形成称为核小体的紧凑结构。

phenotype [名词]
اجرا کردن

表型

Ex: Eye color , hair texture , and height are examples of human phenotypes .

眼睛颜色、头发质地和身高是人类表型的例子。

homeostasis [名词]
اجرا کردن

稳态

Ex: Sweating to cool down the body temperature is an example of homeostasis in response to external heat .

通过出汗来降低体温是外部热量作用下稳态的一个例子。

translation [名词]
اجرا کردن

翻译

Ex: In the first step of translation , messenger RNA ( mRNA ) is synthesized based on the DNA template .

翻译的第一步,信使RNA(mRNA)是根据DNA模板合成的。

اجرا کردن

转录

Ex: Transcription initiates when RNA polymerase binds to the DNA at the promoter region .

转录在RNA聚合酶与DNA的启动子区域结合时开始。

replication [名词]
اجرا کردن

复制

Ex: DNA replication is a fundamental process that occurs before cell division , ensuring genetic continuity .

DNA复制是一个在细胞分裂前发生的基本过程,确保遗传连续性。

اجرا کردن

杂合子

Ex: An organism with one allele for brown eyes and one for blue eyes is a heterozygote for the eye color gene .

一个拥有一个棕色眼睛等位基因和一个蓝色眼睛等位基因的生物体是眼睛颜色基因的杂合子

homozygote [名词]
اجرا کردن

纯合子

Ex: An organism with two alleles for brown eyes is a homozygote for the eye color gene .

具有两个棕色眼睛等位基因的生物体是眼睛颜色基因的纯合子

codon [名词]
اجرا کردن

密码子

Ex: AUG is the start codon , initiating the translation process in protein synthesis .

AUG是起始密码子,在蛋白质合成中启动翻译过程。

symbiosis [名词]
اجرا کردن

共生

Ex: The relationship between cleaner fish and larger fish , where the cleaner fish remove parasites , represents a mutualistic symbiosis .

清洁鱼和大鱼之间的关系,清洁鱼去除寄生虫,代表了一种互惠共生的共生关系

ameba [名词]
اجرا کردن

阿米巴

Ex: Amebas are commonly found in various aquatic environments, including freshwater ponds and streams.

阿米巴原虫常见于各种水生环境,包括淡水池塘和溪流。

capsid [名词]
اجرا کردن

衣壳

Ex: The capsid of a virus provides structural integrity , enclosing and protecting its genetic material .

病毒的衣壳提供了结构完整性,包围并保护其遗传物质。

chlorophyll [名词]
اجرا کردن

叶绿素

Ex: Chlorophyll is responsible for the green color of plants , reflecting its role in photosynthesis .

叶绿素负责植物的绿色,反映了它在光合作用中的作用。

eukaryote [名词]
اجرا کردن

真核生物

Ex: Plants , with their roots , stems , and leaves , are examples of eukaryotes .

植物,连同它们的根、茎和叶,是真核生物的例子。

fetus [名词]
اجرا کردن

胎儿

Ex: The ultrasound showed that the fetus was developing normally .

超声波显示胎儿发育正常。

ovum [名词]
اجرا کردن

卵子

Ex: Human females typically release one ovum during each menstrual cycle .

人类女性通常在每个月经周期释放一个卵子

pepsin [名词]
اجرا کردن

胃蛋白酶

Ex: Pepsin is an enzyme produced in the stomach that helps break down proteins into smaller peptides.

胃蛋白酶是一种在胃中产生的酶,有助于将蛋白质分解成更小的肽。

اجرا کردن

三磷酸腺苷

Ex: Adenosine triphosphate is often referred to as the " energy currency " of cells due to its role in energy transfer .

三磷酸腺苷由于其在能量传递中的作用,常被称为细胞的“能量货币”。

prokaryote [名词]
اجرا کردن

原核生物

Ex: Bacteria , such as Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) , are common examples of prokaryotes .

细菌,如大肠杆菌(E. coli),是原核生物的常见例子。