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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency) - Hostility, Temper & Aggression

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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency)
choleric
choleric
[Adjective]

easily angered or irritated

Ex: The choleric outburst from the manager surprised everyone in the office. 
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churlish
churlish
[Adjective]

rude, ill-mannered, or surly in behavior

Ex: His churlish response to the waiter's polite inquiry startled those at the table. 
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contentious
contentious
[Adjective]

inclined to argue or provoke disagreement

Ex: The contentious individual frequently initiated arguments and disagreements within the group. 
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fractious
fractious
[Adjective]

unruly, defiant, or unwilling to submit to rules or leadership

Ex: The fractious student refused to follow classroom rules. 
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irascible
irascible
[Adjective]

showing signs of anger

Ex: His irascible remarks during the debate offended several attendees. 
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petulant
petulant
[Adjective]

showing sudden impatience, especially over minor matters

Ex: The child became petulant when asked to finish his homework. 
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sardonic
sardonic
[Adjective]

humorous in a manner that is cruel and disrespectful

Ex: She responded with a sardonic smile when he suggested that her idea was brilliant. 
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fretful
fretful
[Adjective]

irritable or agitated, often expressing dissatisfaction or annoyance with trivial matters

Ex: The fretful customer complained incessantly about the slightest imperfection in the product, demanding a refund. 
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huffy
huffy
[Adjective]

easily offended or quick to take things personally

Ex: He's so huffy that even mild criticism upsets him. 
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peevish
peevish
[Adjective]

easily irritated, especially over trivial matters

Ex: His peevish attitude made it challenging to have a pleasant conversation with him. 
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waspish
waspish
[Adjective]

easily irritated and likely to speak or act in a sharp, stinging, or spiteful manner

Ex: His waspish remarks made the meeting tense. 
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crotchety
crotchety
[Adjective]

bad-tempered or prone to complaining

Ex: The crotchety old man yelled at the kids playing too close to his garden. 
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curt
curt
[Adjective]

abruptly brief in a way that is considered as impatient, dismissive, or impolite

Ex: He answered customer questions with curt, one-word responses that left them feeling frustrated. 
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pugnacious
pugnacious
[Adjective]

eager to start a fight or argument

Ex: Always looking for a fight, his pugnacious behavior earned him a reputation in the office. 
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abrasive
abrasive
[Adjective]

behaving in a mean and disrespectful manner with no concern for others

Ex: His abrasive remarks upset everyone in the meeting. 
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asperity
asperity
[noun]

harshness or sharpness of tone, manner, or temper

Ex: She answered with unexpected asperity after being interrupted. 
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austere
austere
[Adjective]

having a serious or rigid manner

Ex: His austere expression made it clear he wasn't interested in small talk. 
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brusque
brusque
[Adjective]

abrupt or curt in manner or speech, often coming across as rude or impatient

Ex: The receptionist gave a brusque response to the visitor's question, leaving them feeling unwelcome. 
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callous
callous
[Adjective]

showing or having an insensitive and cruel disregard for the feelings or suffering of others

Ex: The manager's callous decision to lay off employees without notice shocked the entire team. 
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crass
crass
[Adjective]

lacking sensitivity, refinement, or tact, often displaying vulgarity or rudeness

Ex: His crass remarks offended everyone at the dinner party, leaving an uncomfortable atmosphere. 
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obstreperous
obstreperous
[Adjective]

behaving in a wild or forceful manner that causes chaos

Ex: The obstreperous fans stormed the field, knocking over barriers and shouting wildly. 
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truculence

a hostile, aggressive attitude marked by a refusal to cooperate or submit

Ex: His truculence made negotiations nearly impossible. 
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to abominate

to hate something or someone intensely

Ex: She abominates cruelty to animals and supports organizations that work to protect them. 
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animus
animus
[noun]

a deep-seated feeling of hostility and ill will directed at someone or something

Ex: His works expressed animus toward imperialist expansion and the subjugation of indigenous peoples. 
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antipathy
antipathy
[noun]

a strong feeling of hatred, opposition, or hostility

Ex: She felt a deep antipathy toward the new policy. 
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to appall
to appall
[Verb]

to shock or horrify someone, causing them to feel alarmed or deeply unpleasantly surprised

Ex: The graphic images of the accident appalled the witnesses, leaving them horrified. 
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averse
averse
[Adjective]

strongly opposed to something

Ex: He is averse to eating spicy foods and prefers mild dishes. 
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to begrudge

to feel jealous or irritated because someone possesses something one desires

Ex: She begrudges her friend's success in her career and wishes she had the same opportunities. 
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bellicose
bellicose
[Adjective]

displaying a willingness to start an argument, fight, or war

Ex: The bellicose behavior of the rival gangs led to frequent clashes in the neighborhood. 
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baleful
baleful
[Adjective]

having or likely to have a harmful or evil effect

Ex: In the wake of the financial crisis, the baleful impact of unemployment swept through the nation, leaving many families struggling to make ends meet. 
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formidable
formidable
[Adjective]

commanding great respect or fear due to having exceptional strength, excellence, or capabilities

Ex: Her formidable intellect made her a top contender for the prestigious scholarship. 
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internecine
internecine
[Adjective]

involving deadly or violent conflict where all parties suffer severe losses

Ex: The civil war turned into an internecine struggle that devastated both factions. 
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invidious
invidious
[Adjective]

causing offense or unhappiness due to being prejudice or unjust

Ex: The invidious comparison between the two candidates was unfair. 
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minatory
minatory
[Adjective]

giving the impression of a threat or suggesting something harmful or dangerous is likely to happen

Ex: Dark clouds gathered in a minatory sky. 
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inimical
inimical
[Adjective]

not useful for friendly relations or mutual cooperation

Ex: His inimical attitude towards his colleagues made it difficult for them to trust him or work together effectively. 
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blatant
blatant
[Adjective]

done openly and shamelessly, with no effort to hide or disguise

Ex: The company engaged in blatant false advertising. 
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noisome
noisome
[Adjective]

extremely repulsive and unpleasant, particularly to the sense of smell

Ex: The noisome fumes from the chemicals in the lab required the use of proper ventilation. 
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aloof
aloof
[Adjective]

unfriendly or reluctant to socializing

Ex: Despite being at the party, he seemed aloof and uninterested in mingling with the guests. 
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offish
offish
[Adjective]

distant and reserved in manner, showing little warmth or friendliness

Ex: She seemed offish at the party, talking to almost no one. 
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vindictive
vindictive
[Adjective]

showing a strong desire or tendency to seek revenge

Ex: She spread malicious rumors about her former friend out of a vindictive desire to harm her reputation. 
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misanthrope

someone who dislikes, distrusts, or hates other human beings

Ex: The crotchety old man was known around town as a misanthrope who constantly complained about others. 
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curmudgeon

a bad-tempered person who is easily annoyed and angered, usually old in age

Ex: The neighborhood curmudgeon yelled at the kids for playing too loudly. 
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termagant
termagant
[noun]

a woman who is harsh-tempered, constantly scolding, and often quarrelsome

Ex: The play's main character is portrayed as a termagant who terrorizes her family. 
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rabid
rabid
[Adjective]

intensely fervent or fanatical in beliefs or actions

Ex: The rabid supporter painted his entire house in the team's colors and never missed a game. 
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acrimonious
acrimonious
[Adjective]

including a lot of anger, harsh arguments and negative emotions

Ex: The meeting ended on an acrimonious note, with both sides exchanging harsh words. 
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loath
loath
[Adjective]

unwilling to do something due to a lack of will, motivation, or consent

Ex: He was loath to take on more work, as he was already overwhelmed. 
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