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Ciencias ACT - Botánica y Jardinería

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés relacionadas con la botánica y la jardinería, como "corona", "podar", "estoma", etc. que te ayudarán a sobresalir en tus ACT.

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ACT Vocabulary for Science
botanist
botanist
[Sustantivo]

a student of or specialist in the scientific study of plants, their structure, genetics, classification, etc.

botánico, especialista en botánica

botánico, especialista en botánica

Ex: The botanist presented his research on the classification of new plant species discovered in the remote mountain range. 

El botánico presentó su investigación sobre la clasificación de nuevas especies de plantas descubiertas en la remota cadena montañosa.

biennial
biennial
[Sustantivo]

a plant that lives for two years and in its second year produces seeds and flowers

planta bienal

planta bienal

evergreen
evergreen
[Sustantivo]

any type of plant with leaves that remain green throughout the year

árbol de hoja perenne

árbol de hoja perenne

Ex: The landscaper suggested planting several evergreens to ensure the garden remained lush and green throughout the year. 

El paisajista sugirió plantar varios árboles de hoja perenne para asegurar que el jardín permaneciera frondoso y verde durante todo el año.

patch
patch
[Sustantivo]

a small plot of land that is used for growing a particular type of crops or plants

terreno, parcela

terreno, parcela

foliage
foliage
[Sustantivo]

a plant or tree's branches and leaves collectively

follaje

follaje

Ex: She admired the intricate patterns of the foliage in the forest. 

Ella admiraba los intrincados patrones del follaje en el bosque.

bulb
bulb
[Sustantivo]

the ball-shaped root of some plants that grows anew every year

bulbo

bulbo

Ex: In spring, the tulip bulb sprouted leaves and eventually bloomed into vibrant flowers. 

En primavera, el bulbo del tulipán brotó hojas y finalmente floreció en flores vibrantes.

potting soil
potting soil
[Sustantivo]

a specially formulated mixture of organic and inorganic materials used to grow plants in containers

tierra para macetas, sustrato para macetas

tierra para macetas, sustrato para macetas

crown
crown
[Sustantivo]

the top part of a tree or other plant

copa

copa

Ex: From the ground, they could see the crown of the palm tree swaying gently in the breeze. 

Desde el suelo, podían ver la copa de la palmera balanceándose suavemente en la brisa.

terrarium
terrarium
[Sustantivo]

a sealed or open container for growing and displaying small plants, often used as a decorative piece indoors

terrario, jardín en miniatura

terrario, jardín en miniatura

Ex: Children enjoy making terrariums as a hands-on learning activity about plants. 

A los niños les encanta hacer terrarios como una actividad práctica de aprendizaje sobre las plantas.

to prune
to prune
[Verbo]

to cut off top part or some branches of trees, bushes, or other plants to help them grow faster

podar

podar

Ex: The gardener prunes the shrubs along the walkway to maintain their size and appearance. 

El jardinero poda los arbustos a lo largo del camino para mantener su tamaño y apariencia.

grove
grove
[Sustantivo]

a small group of trees planted closely together, often cultivated for their ornamental value or fruit production

arboleda, huerto

arboleda, huerto

Ex: The grove of apple trees was carefully pruned to maximize fruit quality. 

El bosquecillo de manzanos fue cuidadosamente podado para maximizar la calidad de la fruta.

to pollinate

to deposit pollen on a plant or flower so that it can produce new seeds or fruit

polinizar

polinizar

Ex: Farmers often rely on honeybees to pollinate their crops, ensuring a successful harvest. 

Los agricultores a menudo dependen de las abejas para polinizar sus cultivos, asegurando una cosecha exitosa.

photosynthesis
photosynthesis
[Sustantivo]

a process in green plants during which the plant synthesizes using water and carbon dioxide

fotosíntesis

fotosíntesis

Ex: The efficiency of photosynthesis drops in extreme heat or drought. 

La eficiencia de la fotosíntesis disminuye en condiciones de calor o sequía extremos.

vegetation
vegetation
[Sustantivo]

trees and plants in general, particularly those of a specific habitat or area

vegetación

vegetación

Ex: In the spring, the hillsides are covered in vibrant green vegetation as wildflowers bloom, creating a picturesque landscape. 

En primavera, las laderas están cubiertas de una vegetación verde vibrante mientras florecen las flores silvestres, creando un paisaje pintoresco.

phytoremediation
phytoremediation
[Sustantivo]

the use of plants to clean up soil, water, and air contaminated with hazardous pollutants

fitorremediación, descontaminación por plantas

fitorremediación, descontaminación por plantas

mycology
mycology
[Sustantivo]

the scientific study of fungi, including their taxonomy, biology, ecology, and uses

micología

micología

Ex: Mycologists study the role of fungi in nutrient cycling in ecosystems. 

Los micólogos estudian el papel de los hongos en el ciclo de nutrientes en los ecosistemas.

spore germination
spore germination
[Sustantivo]

the process by which the reproductive unit of the plants or fungi begins to grow and develop into a new organism

germinación de esporas, proceso de germinación de esporas

germinación de esporas, proceso de germinación de esporas

phototropism
phototropism
[Sustantivo]

the tendency of plants to grow toward or away from light, influenced by the direction and intensity of light

fototropismo, tropismo hacia la luz

fototropismo, tropismo hacia la luz

Ex: Plant biologists study phototropism to understand how plants perceive and respond to light stimuli. 

Los biólogos vegetales estudian el fototropismo para entender cómo las plantas perciben y responden a los estímulos de luz.

dandelion
dandelion
[Sustantivo]

a small plant with yellow flowers that turn into round, fluffy seed heads

diente de león

diente de león

Ex: Bees visited the bright yellow dandelion flowers. 

Las abejas visitaron las flores de diente de león amarillo brillante.

tulip
tulip
[Sustantivo]

a flower shaped like a cup that has bright colors and blossoms in spring

tulipán

tulipán

Ex: Tulips were planted in rows along the park’s walkway, providing a cheerful and colorful springtime display. 

Los tulipanes se plantaron en filas a lo largo del paseo del parque, proporcionando una exhibición primaveral alegre y colorida.

sprout
sprout
[Sustantivo]

a new growth or bud on a plant, typically emerging from a seed, bulb, or dormant bud

brote, germen

brote, germen

Ex: The spring onions had delicate green sprouts at their tops. 

Las cebolletas tenían delicados brotes verdes en sus puntas.

stoma
stoma
[Sustantivo]

a microscopic pore found on the surface of leaves and stems of plants, involved in gas exchange, including the uptake of carbon dioxide and release of oxygen and water vapor

estoma, poro estomático

estoma, poro estomático

Ex: Botanists study the structure of the stoma to understand how plants adapt to different climates. 

Los botánicos estudian la estructura del estoma para entender cómo las plantas se adaptan a diferentes climas.

algae
algae
[Sustantivo]

plants without true roots, leaves, or stems, which grow in or near a body of water, such as seaweeds

alga

alga

Ex: The pond was covered in a thick layer of green algae, making the water appear murky. 

El estanque estaba cubierto por una gruesa capa de algas verdes, lo que hacía que el agua pareciera turbia.

phytoplankton
phytoplankton
[Sustantivo]

the microscopic, photosynthetic organisms found in aquatic environments, such as oceans, lakes, and rivers, forming the base of the aquatic food chain

fitoplancton, plancton vegetal

fitoplancton, plancton vegetal

Ex: Scientists monitor phytoplankton populations to assess ocean health and productivity. 

Los científicos monitorean las poblaciones de fitoplancton para evaluar la salud y la productividad del océano.

viburnum
viburnum
[Sustantivo]

a genus of flowering shrubs and small trees known for their clusters of white or pink flowers, followed by berries, commonly found in temperate regions

viburno, mundillo

viburno, mundillo

Ex: Landscapers often use viburnum shrubs as hedges due to their dense foliage and attractive blooms. 

Los paisajistas a menudo usan arbustos viburnum como setos debido a su follaje denso y sus atractivas flores.

moss
moss
[Sustantivo]

a small, non-vascular plant that lacks true roots, stems, and leaves, typically forming dense green mats or cushions in damp or shady environments

musgo, briofito

musgo, briofito

Ex: Gardeners use moss to create lush, natural-looking landscapes in shaded areas. 

Los jardineros usan el musgo para crear paisajes exuberantes y de aspecto natural en áreas sombreadas.

seaweed
seaweed
[Sustantivo]

a type of plant that grows in or near the sea

alga, alga marina

alga, alga marina

Ex: The children collected seaweed from the shore to examine its textures and colors. 

Los niños recolectaron algas de la orilla para examinar sus texturas y colores.

taproot
taproot
[Sustantivo]

the primary, central root of a plant that grows vertically downward, typically thicker than other roots, anchoring the plant and absorbing water and nutrients

raíz pivotante, raíz principal

raíz pivotante, raíz principal

Ex: Taproots anchor plants firmly in the ground and facilitate water absorption. 

Las raíces primarias anclan firmemente las plantas en el suelo y facilitan la absorción de agua.

peony
peony
[Sustantivo]

a flowering plant known for its large, showy blossoms with lush, often fragrant petals

peonía, rosa de China

peonía, rosa de China

to graft
to graft
[Verbo]

to cut and join a piece of a living plant to another plant so that it can continue growing from there

injertar

injertar

sepal
sepal
[Sustantivo]

the outermost part of a flower, typically green and leaf-like in appearance, protecting the flower bud before it opens

sépalo, cáliz

sépalo, cáliz

Ex: Botanists examine the number and arrangement of sepals to classify different plant species. 

Los botánicos examinan el número y la disposición de los sépalos para clasificar diferentes especies de plantas.

euphorbia
euphorbia
[Sustantivo]

a plant in the family Euphorbiaceae, known for their diverse forms from succulents to shrubs, typically characterized by milky sap and unique flower structures

euforbia, planta de la familia Euphorbiaceae

euforbia, planta de la familia Euphorbiaceae

Ex: Some euphorbia species are used in traditional medicine for their medicinal properties. 

Algunas especies de euphorbia se utilizan en la medicina tradicional por sus propiedades medicinales.

stalk
stalk
[Sustantivo]

the slender, elongated part of a plant that supports leaves, flowers, or fruits

tallo, rabillo

tallo, rabillo

Ex: As she prepared the celery for a salad, she trimmed the leafy stalks and discarded the tougher parts. 

Mientras preparaba el apio para una ensalada, recortó los tallos frondosos y desechó las partes más duras.

sprig
sprig
[Sustantivo]

a small, slender branch or shoot with leaves, commonly used in decorative arrangements or for propagation in gardening and landscaping

ramita, retoño

ramita, retoño

Ex: The wedding bouquet was adorned with sprigs of lavender for their fragrance. 

El ramo de boda estaba adornado con ramitas de lavanda por su fragancia.

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