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ACT 科学 - 植物学与园艺

在这里,您将学习一些与植物学和园艺相关的英语单词,例如“冠”,“修剪”,“气孔”等,这些单词将帮助您通过ACT考试。

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ACT Vocabulary for Science
botanist
[名词]

a student of or specialist in the scientific study of plants, their structure, genetics, classification, etc.

植物学家, 植物学专家

植物学家, 植物学专家

Ex: The botanist worked with conservationists to protect endangered plant species from habitat loss due to deforestation .**植物学家**与保护主义者合作,保护因森林砍伐而面临栖息地丧失的濒危植物物种。
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biennial
[名词]

a plant that lives for two years and in its second year produces seeds and flowers

二年生植物, 二年生草本

二年生植物, 二年生草本

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evergreen
[名词]

any type of plant with leaves that remain green throughout the year

常绿植物, 常青树

常绿植物, 常青树

Ex: The old cemetery was surrounded by tall evergreens, their steady presence offering a sense of peace and continuity.古老的墓地周围环绕着高大的**常青树**,它们稳定的存在给人一种和平与连续的感觉。
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patch
[名词]

a small plot of land that is used for growing a particular type of crops or plants

小块土地, 小片地

小块土地, 小片地

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foliage
[名词]

a plant or tree's branches and leaves collectively

叶子, 植被

叶子, 植被

Ex: In autumn , the foliage of the trees turns brilliant shades of red and orange .秋天,树木的**叶子**变成鲜艳的红色和橙色。
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bulb
[名词]

the ball-shaped root of some plants that grows anew every year

球茎, 鳞茎

球茎, 鳞茎

Ex: The onion bulb grew underground and was harvested for cooking .洋葱的**鳞茎**在地下生长并被收获用于烹饪。
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potting soil
[名词]

a specially formulated mixture of organic and inorganic materials used to grow plants in containers

盆栽土, 容器栽培用土壤混合物

盆栽土, 容器栽培用土壤混合物

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crown
[名词]

the top part of a tree or other plant

树冠, 顶部

树冠, 顶部

Ex: The dense crown of the fir tree provided excellent shelter for wildlife during the winter .冷杉树茂密的**树冠**在冬季为野生动物提供了极好的庇护所。
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terrarium
[名词]

a sealed or open container for growing and displaying small plants, often used as a decorative piece indoors

玻璃容器, 微型花园

玻璃容器, 微型花园

Ex: Terrariums require occasional watering and indirect sunlight to thrive .**玻璃容器**需要偶尔浇水和间接阳光才能茁壮成长。
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to prune
[动词]

to cut off top part or some branches of trees, bushes, or other plants to help them grow faster

修剪, 剪枝

修剪, 剪枝

Ex: He prunes the grapevines in the vineyard to remove excess growth and improve grape quality .他在葡萄园里**修剪**葡萄藤,以去除多余的生长并提高葡萄质量。
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grove
[名词]

a small group of trees planted closely together, often cultivated for their ornamental value or fruit production

小树林, 果园

小树林, 果园

Ex: Gardeners planted a grove of redwoods to create a shaded retreat in the park .园丁们种植了一片红杉**小树林**,以在公园中创造一个阴凉的休憩地。
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to pollinate
[动词]

to deposit pollen on a plant or flower so that it can produce new seeds or fruit

授粉, 受精

授粉, 受精

Ex: Some plants , like corn , are pollinated by the wind , while others , like tomatoes , rely on bees .一些植物,如玉米,是由风**授粉**的,而其他植物,如西红柿,则依赖蜜蜂。
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a process in green plants during which the plant synthesizes using water and carbon dioxide

光合作用

光合作用

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vegetation
[名词]

trees and plants in general, particularly those of a specific habitat or area

植被, 植物

植被, 植物

Ex: The boreal forest 's vegetation, dominated by evergreen conifers , stretches for miles across the northern latitudes , with sparse undergrowth due to the harsh climate .北方森林的**植被**以常绿针叶树为主,由于气候恶劣,林下植被稀疏,横跨北纬数英里。
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the use of plants to clean up soil, water, and air contaminated with hazardous pollutants

植物修复, 利用植物净化

植物修复, 利用植物净化

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mycology
[名词]

the scientific study of fungi, including their taxonomy, biology, ecology, and uses

真菌学

真菌学

Ex: A course in mycology covers topics such as fungal morphology , reproduction , and cultivation techniques .**真菌学**课程涵盖诸如真菌形态、繁殖和栽培技术等主题。
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the process by which the reproductive unit of the plants or fungi begins to grow and develop into a new organism

孢子萌发, 孢子萌发过程

孢子萌发, 孢子萌发过程

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phototropism
[名词]

the tendency of plants to grow toward or away from light, influenced by the direction and intensity of light

向光性, 趋光性

向光性, 趋光性

Ex: Farmers use knowledge of phototropism to optimize crop placement for maximum sunlight exposure .农民利用**向光性**的知识来优化作物布局,以获得最大的阳光照射。
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dandelion
[名词]

a small plant of the daisy family with a yellow flower that turns into a fluffy white ball of seeds

蒲公英, 黄花地丁

蒲公英, 黄花地丁

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tulip
[名词]

a flower shaped like a cup that has bright colors and blossoms in spring

郁金香, 一种杯形花朵,颜色鲜艳,春季开花

郁金香, 一种杯形花朵,颜色鲜艳,春季开花

Ex: In the spring , the tulip fields stretched as far as the eye could see , attracting many visitors for a picturesque view .春天,**郁金香**田一望无际,吸引了许多游客前来观赏如画的景色。
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sprout
[名词]

a new growth or bud on a plant, typically emerging from a seed, bulb, or dormant bud

芽, 新芽

芽, 新芽

Ex: The basil plant had several new sprouts after being pruned .修剪后,罗勒植物长出了几个新**芽**。
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stoma
[名词]

a microscopic pore found on the surface of leaves and stems of plants, involved in gas exchange, including the uptake of carbon dioxide and release of oxygen and water vapor

气孔, 叶孔

气孔, 叶孔

Ex: The stoma provides a pathway for gases to move in and out of the plant 's tissues during photosynthesis .**气孔**为气体在光合作用过程中进出植物组织提供了通道。
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algae
[名词]

plants without true roots, leaves, or stems, which grow in or near a body of water, such as seaweeds

藻类, 水生植物

藻类, 水生植物

Ex: The scientists studied various types of algae to understand their potential for biofuel production .科学家研究了各种类型的**藻类**,以了解它们在生物燃料生产中的潜力。
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the microscopic, photosynthetic organisms found in aquatic environments, such as oceans, lakes, and rivers, forming the base of the aquatic food chain

浮游植物, 植物性浮游生物

浮游植物, 植物性浮游生物

Ex: Phytoplankton blooms provide essential nutrients for marine organisms and help regulate Earth 's climate .**浮游植物的大量繁殖**为海洋生物提供必需的营养,并有助于调节地球的气候。
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viburnum
[名词]

a genus of flowering shrubs and small trees known for their clusters of white or pink flowers, followed by berries, commonly found in temperate regions

荚蒾, 雪球花

荚蒾, 雪球花

Ex: Botanists study the diversity of viburnum species across different climatic zones.植物学家研究不同气候带中**荚蒾**物种的多样性。
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moss
[名词]

a small, non-vascular plant that lacks true roots, stems, and leaves, typically forming dense green mats or cushions in damp or shady environments

苔藓, 苔藓植物

苔藓, 苔藓植物

Ex: Researchers study moss diversity and adaptation to understand their ecological roles in various habitats.研究人员研究**苔藓**的多样性和适应性,以了解它们在不同栖息地中的生态作用。
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seaweed
[名词]

a type of plant that grows in or near the sea

海藻, 海带

海藻, 海带

Ex: The beach was littered with seaweed after the storm , creating a natural carpet of green and brown .风暴过后,海滩上布满了**海藻**,形成了一张绿色和棕色的天然地毯。
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taproot
[名词]

the primary, central root of a plant that grows vertically downward, typically thicker than other roots, anchoring the plant and absorbing water and nutrients

主根, 直根

主根, 直根

Ex: The taproot system of oak trees extends deep into the soil for stability and support .橡树的**主根**系统深入土壤以获得稳定性和支撑。
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peony
[名词]

a flowering plant known for its large, showy blossoms with lush, often fragrant petals

牡丹, 中国玫瑰

牡丹, 中国玫瑰

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to graft
[动词]

to cut and join a piece of a living plant to another plant so that it can continue growing from there

嫁接, 移植

嫁接, 移植

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sepal
[名词]

the outermost part of a flower, typically green and leaf-like in appearance, protecting the flower bud before it opens

萼片, 花萼

萼片, 花萼

Ex: During pollination , sepals may change color or shape to attract pollinators like bees .在授粉期间,**萼片**可能会改变颜色或形状以吸引蜜蜂等传粉者。
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euphorbia
[名词]

a plant in the family Euphorbiaceae, known for their diverse forms from succulents to shrubs, typically characterized by milky sap and unique flower structures

大戟属植物, 大戟科的一种植物

大戟属植物, 大戟科的一种植物

Ex: Botanists study euphorbias to understand their ecological roles and evolutionary adaptations .植物学家研究**大戟属植物**以了解它们的生态作用和进化适应。
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stalk
[名词]

the slender, elongated part of a plant that supports leaves, flowers, or fruits

茎, 梗

茎, 梗

Ex: They picked the juicy tomatoes , gently twisting the stalks to separate them from the vine .他们挑选了多汁的西红柿,轻轻扭动**茎**将它们从藤上分离。
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sprig
[名词]

a small, slender branch or shoot with leaves, commonly used in decorative arrangements or for propagation in gardening and landscaping

小枝, 嫩枝

小枝, 嫩枝

Ex: A sprig of ivy draped elegantly over the garden trellis , adding a touch of greenery .一**小枝**常春藤优雅地垂挂在花园的棚架上,增添了一抹绿色。
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