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Sciences ACT - Botanique et Jardinage

Apprenez le vocabulaire scientifique de l'ACT pour la botanique et le jardinage, y compris la structure des plantes, la croissance, la reproduction, la cultivation, les racines, les feuilles, les fleurs et les soins des plantes.

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ACT Vocabulary for Science
botanist

a student of or specialist in the scientific study of plants, their structure, genetics, classification, etc.

botaniste, spécialiste en botanique

botaniste, spécialiste en botanique

Ex: As a botanist, she was particularly interested in the genetics of flowering plants and how they adapt to different climates. 

En tant que botaniste, elle était particulièrement intéressée par la génétique des plantes à fleurs et leur adaptation à différents climats.

biennial

a plant that lives for two years and in its second year produces seeds and flowers

bisannuel

bisannuel

evergreen

any type of plant with leaves that remain green throughout the year

plante à feuilles persistantes, conifère

plante à feuilles persistantes, conifère

Ex: The evergreen provided a constant splash of green in the garden, even during the cold winter months. 

Le conifère a fourni une touche constante de vert dans le jardin, même pendant les mois froids d'hiver.

patch
patch
[nom]

a small plot of land that is used for growing a particular type of crops or plants

carré, parcelle

carré, parcelle

foliage
foliage
[nom]

a plant or tree's branches and leaves collectively

feuillage

feuillage

Ex: The garden was filled with lush green foliage. 

Le jardin était rempli d'un feuillage vert luxuriant.

bulb
bulb
[nom]

the ball-shaped root of some plants that grows anew every year

bulbe, oignon

bulbe, oignon

Ex: The gardener dug a hole and gently placed the bulb of an onion into the soil. 

Le jardinier a creusé un trou et a délicatement placé le bulbe d'un oignon dans le sol.

potting soil

a specially formulated mixture of organic and inorganic materials used to grow plants in containers

terreau pour pots, substrat de rempotage

terreau pour pots, substrat de rempotage

crown
crown
[nom]

the top part of a tree or other plant

couronne

couronne

Ex: The crown of the sunflower turned to follow the sun throughout the day. 

La couronne du tournesol s'est tournée pour suivre le soleil tout au long de la journée.

terrarium

a sealed or open container for growing and displaying small plants, often used as a decorative piece indoors

terrarium, jardin miniature sous verre

terrarium, jardin miniature sous verre

Ex: The terrarium provided a miniature ecosystem with its own water cycle. 

Le terrarium offrait un écosystème miniature avec son propre cycle de l'eau.

to prune
to prune
[verbe]

to cut off top part or some branches of trees, bushes, or other plants to help them grow faster

tailler, élaguer

tailler, élaguer

Ex: They prune the fruit trees in the orchard to shape them and increase fruit production. 

Ils taillent les arbres fruitiers dans le verger pour les façonner et augmenter la production de fruits.

grove
grove
[nom]

a small group of trees planted closely together, often cultivated for their ornamental value or fruit production

bosquet, verger

bosquet, verger

Ex: The botanical garden featured a grove of flowering cherry trees that attracted visitors in the spring. 

Le jardin botanique présentait un bosquet de cerisiers en fleurs qui attirait les visiteurs au printemps.

to pollinate

to deposit pollen on a plant or flower so that it can produce new seeds or fruit

polliniser

polliniser

Ex: Wind can also pollinate certain plants, carrying pollen grains from one flower to another. 

Le vent peut aussi polliniser certaines plantes, transportant les grains de pollen d'une fleur à une autre.

photosynthesis

a process in green plants during which the plant synthesizes using water and carbon dioxide

photosynthèse

photosynthèse

Ex: Without photosynthesis, most life on Earth would cease to exist. 

Sans la photosynthèse, la plupart de la vie sur Terre cesserait d'exister.

vegetation

trees and plants in general, particularly those of a specific habitat or area

végétation

végétation

Ex: Desert vegetation often consists of resilient plants like cacti and succulents that have adapted to survive in arid conditions with little water. 

La végétation désertique se compose souvent de plantes résilientes comme les cactus et les succulentes qui se sont adaptées pour survivre dans des conditions arides avec peu d'eau.

phytoremediation

the use of plants to clean up soil, water, and air contaminated with hazardous pollutants

phytoremédiation, dépollution par les plantes

phytoremédiation, dépollution par les plantes

mycology

the scientific study of fungi, including their taxonomy, biology, ecology, and uses

mycologie

mycologie

Ex: The mycology lab specializes in identifying and studying fungal pathogens. 

Le laboratoire de mycologie est spécialisé dans l'identification et l'étude des agents pathogènes fongiques.

spore germination

the process by which the reproductive unit of the plants or fungi begins to grow and develop into a new organism

germination des spores, processus de germination des spores

germination des spores, processus de germination des spores

phototropism

the tendency of plants to grow toward or away from light, influenced by the direction and intensity of light

phototropisme, tropisme photique

phototropisme, tropisme photique

Ex: The tomato seedlings displayed positive phototropism as they grew towards the nearby window. 

Les plants de tomates ont montré un phototropisme positif en poussant vers la fenêtre à proximité.

dandelion

a small plant with yellow flowers that turn into round, fluffy seed heads

pissenlit, dent-de-lion

pissenlit, dent-de-lion

Ex: The garden was dotted with dandelions in spring. 

Le jardin était parsemé de pissenlits au printemps.

tulip
tulip
[nom]

a flower shaped like a cup that has bright colors and blossoms in spring

tulipe

tulipe

Ex: She received a bouquet of tulips for her birthday, their elegant shapes and colors brightening up the room. 

Elle a reçu un bouquet de tulipes pour son anniversaire, leurs formes et couleurs élégantes illuminant la pièce.

sprout
sprout
[nom]

a new growth or bud on a plant, typically emerging from a seed, bulb, or dormant bud

germe, pousse

germe, pousse

Ex: A sprout appeared on the potato left too long in the pantry. 

Une pousse est apparue sur la pomme de terre laissée trop longtemps dans le garde-manger.

stoma
stoma
[nom]

a microscopic pore found on the surface of leaves and stems of plants, involved in gas exchange, including the uptake of carbon dioxide and release of oxygen and water vapor

stomate, pore stomatique

stomate, pore stomatique

Ex: The number of stomata per square inch on a leaf is influenced by environmental conditions. 

Le nombre de stomates par pouce carré sur une feuille est influencé par les conditions environnementales.

algae
algae
[nom]

plants without true roots, leaves, or stems, which grow in or near a body of water, such as seaweeds

algues

algues

Ex: Sushi rolls are often wrapped in sheets of edible algae, known as nori. 

Les rouleaux de sushi sont souvent enveloppés dans des feuilles d'algues comestibles, connues sous le nom de nori.

phytoplankton

the microscopic, photosynthetic organisms found in aquatic environments, such as oceans, lakes, and rivers, forming the base of the aquatic food chain

phytoplancton, plancton végétal

phytoplancton, plancton végétal

Ex: The abundance of phytoplankton supports diverse marine life, including fish and whales. 

L'abondance de phytoplancton soutient une vie marine diverse, y compris les poissons et les baleines.

viburnum

a genus of flowering shrubs and small trees known for their clusters of white or pink flowers, followed by berries, commonly found in temperate regions

viorne, obier

viorne, obier

Ex: Birds flock to the viburnum tree in autumn to feed on its bright red berries. 

Les oiseaux se rassemblent sur l'viorne en automne pour se nourrir de ses baies rouge vif.

moss
moss
[nom]

a small, non-vascular plant that lacks true roots, stems, and leaves, typically forming dense green mats or cushions in damp or shady environments

mousse, bryophyte

mousse, bryophyte

Ex: Moss thrives in areas with high humidity and minimal sunlight. 

La mousse prospère dans les zones à forte humidité et à ensoleillement minimal.

seaweed
seaweed
[nom]

a type of plant that grows in or near the sea

algues

algues

Ex: Seaweed can be ground into powder and used as a seasoning to add depth of flavor to dishes. 

Les algues peuvent être moulues en poudre et utilisées comme assaisonnement pour ajouter de la profondeur de saveur aux plats.

taproot
taproot
[nom]

the primary, central root of a plant that grows vertically downward, typically thicker than other roots, anchoring the plant and absorbing water and nutrients

racine pivotante, racine principale

racine pivotante, racine principale

Ex: Dandelions have a deep taproot that helps them survive in dry soil conditions. 

Les pissenlits ont une racine pivotante profonde qui les aide à survivre dans des conditions de sol sec.

peony
peony
[nom]

a flowering plant known for its large, showy blossoms with lush, often fragrant petals

pivoine, rose de Chine

pivoine, rose de Chine

to graft
to graft
[verbe]

to cut and join a piece of a living plant to another plant so that it can continue growing from there

greffer

greffer

sepal
sepal
[nom]

the outermost part of a flower, typically green and leaf-like in appearance, protecting the flower bud before it opens

sépale, calice

sépale, calice

Ex: Sepals play a crucial role in protecting the delicate flower bud from environmental stressors. 

Les sépales jouent un rôle crucial dans la protection du délicat bourgeon floral contre les facteurs de stress environnementaux.

euphorbia

a plant in the family Euphorbiaceae, known for their diverse forms from succulents to shrubs, typically characterized by milky sap and unique flower structures

euphorbe, plante de la famille des Euphorbiacées

euphorbe, plante de la famille des Euphorbiacées

Ex: Euphorbias are popular for their drought tolerance and minimal maintenance requirements in landscaping. 

Les euphorbes sont populaires pour leur tolérance à la sécheresse et leurs besoins d'entretien minimes dans l'aménagement paysager.

stalk
stalk
[nom]

the slender, elongated part of a plant that supports leaves, flowers, or fruits

tige, queue

tige, queue

Ex: They picked the juicy tomatoes, gently twisting the stalks to separate them from the vine. 

Ils ont choisi les tomates juteuses, en tordant doucement les tiges pour les séparer de la vigne.

sprig
sprig
[nom]

a small, slender branch or shoot with leaves, commonly used in decorative arrangements or for propagation in gardening and landscaping

brindille, rameau

brindille, rameau

Ex: Gardeners often prune sprigs from young trees to encourage bushier growth. 

Les jardiniers taillent souvent les brindilles des jeunes arbres pour encourager une croissance plus touffue.

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