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Comprensión del Examen ACT - Opposition

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés relacionadas con la oposición, como "compensar", "agravar", "ostracizar", etc. que te ayudarán a sobresalir en tus ACTs.

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Essential Vocabulary for ACT
preemptive
[Adjetivo]

done before something else happens to prevent a problem or danger

preventivo, preemptivo

preventivo, preemptivo

Ex: The city issued a preemptive evacuation order before the hurricane arrived .La ciudad emitió una orden de evacuación **preventiva** antes de que llegara el huracán.
detrimental
[Adjetivo]

causing harm or damage

perjudicial

perjudicial

Ex: Negative self-talk can be detrimental to mental health and self-esteem .El diálogo interno negativo puede ser **perjudicial** para la salud mental y la autoestima.
depredation
[Sustantivo]

the act of attacking, taking goods forcefully, damaging and destructing

devastación

devastación

extermination
[Sustantivo]

the act of completely destroying or eliminating something, especially a population or group

exterminio, aniquilación

exterminio, aniquilación

Ex: The company faced criticism for exterminating old-growth forests to expand its operations.La empresa enfrentó críticas por **la exterminación** de bosques antiguos para expandir sus operaciones.
retardant
[Sustantivo]

the thing that slows down or inhibits a process or action

retardante, inhibidor

retardante, inhibidor

Ex: The additive in paint serves as a moisture retardant to prevent mold growth .El aditivo en la pintura sirve como **retardante** de humedad para prevenir el crecimiento de moho.
nuisance
[Sustantivo]

something or someone that causes trouble and annoyance

pesado

pesado

Ex: The frequent power outages were a significant nuisance for the business .
to refute
[Verbo]

to state that something is incorrect or false based on evidence

refutar

refutar

Ex: She refuted the theory with a well-reasoned counterexample .Ella **refutó** la teoría con un contraejemplo bien razonado.
to rebut
[Verbo]

to prove something false or incorrect with evidence or argumentation

refutar

refutar

Ex: She rebuts misleading statements during debates .Ella **refuta** declaraciones engañosas durante los debates.

to show that something is false or incorrect

refutar

refutar

Ex: The lawyer attempted to disprove the witness 's testimony .El abogado intentó **refutar** el testimonio del testigo.
to inhibit
[Verbo]

to prevent or limit an action or process

inhibir

inhibir

Ex: A supportive environment can help inhibit stress and promote well-being .Un entorno de apoyo puede ayudar a **inhibir** el estrés y promover el bienestar.

to cause someone to lose physical or mental energy or strength

enervar

enervar

Ex: The constant stress at work began to enervate her , affecting both her physical and mental health .El estrés constante en el trabajo comenzó a **enervar** (meaning "to cause someone to lose physical or mental energy or strength") la, afectando tanto su salud física como mental.
to thwart
[Verbo]

to intentionally prevent someone or something from accomplishing a purpose or plan

frustrar

frustrar

Ex: Quick thinking and intervention thwarted a potential disaster during the fire last year .El pensamiento rápido y la intervención **frustraron** un desastre potencial durante el incendio del año pasado.
to prevent
[Verbo]

to not let someone do something

impedir

impedir

Ex: Right now , the police are taking action to prevent the protest from escalating .En este momento, la policía está tomando medidas para **evitar** que la protesta escale.

to stop or prevent something from happening

impedir

impedir

Ex: The proposed changes are designed to preclude future financial crises .Los cambios propuestos están diseñados para **impedir** futuras crisis financieras.
to impede
[Verbo]

to create difficulty or obstacles that make it hard for something to happen or progress

impedir

impedir

Ex: The thick fog impeded visibility and slowed down the morning commute .La espesa niebla **impidió** la visibilidad y ralentizó el viaje matutino.

to cause someone to lose their sense of direction, leading to confusion or a feeling of being lost

desorientar, confundir

desorientar, confundir

Ex: The intense flashing lights at the concert temporarily disoriented some audience members .Las intensas luces intermitentes en el concierto **desorientaron** temporalmente a algunos miembros de la audiencia.

to hinder the process or make something harder to do or achieve

estorbar, dificultar

estorbar, dificultar

Ex: The outdated procedures were encumbering the efficiency of the entire system .Los procedimientos obsoletos **estorban** la eficiencia de todo el sistema.
to abandon
[Verbo]

to stop supporting an idea, policy, concept, etc.

abandonar, dejar

abandonar, dejar

Ex: The organization was forced to abandon its plans for expansion due to budget constraints .La organización se vio obligada a **abandonar** sus planes de expansión debido a restricciones presupuestarias.

to fully remove or get rid of something

eliminar

eliminar

Ex: Personal protective measures , such as vaccination , can help eliminate the spread of certain diseases .Las medidas de protección personal, como la vacunación, pueden ayudar a **eliminar** la propagación de ciertas enfermedades.
to discard
[Verbo]

to get rid of something that is no longer needed

descartar

descartar

Ex: The office manager requested employees to discard outdated documents for shredding .El gerente de la oficina solicitó a los empleados que **desecharán** los documentos obsoletos para triturarlos.
to shun
[Verbo]

to deliberately avoid, ignore, or keep away from someone or something

evitar, rehuir

evitar, rehuir

Ex: Despite the sincere apology , some continued to shun her , making it challenging to rebuild trust within the group .A pesar de la sincera disculpa, algunos continuaron **evitándola**, lo que hizo difícil reconstruir la confianza dentro del grupo.
to elude
[Verbo]

to cleverly avoid or escape from someone or something

eludir

eludir

Ex: The fugitive skillfully eluded law enforcement by changing identities and locations .El fugitivo **eludió** hábilmente a las fuerzas del orden cambiando de identidad y ubicación.
to dodge
[Verbo]

to intentionally avoid an issue or responsibility

esquivar, evadir

esquivar, evadir

Ex: The manager skillfully dodged questions about the restructuring plan last week .El gerente **esquivó** hábilmente las preguntas sobre el plan de reestructuración la semana pasada.

to exclude someone from a community or group as a form of punishment or social rejection

aislar

aislar

Ex: The strict religious community would ostracize members who disobeyed their rules .La estricta comunidad religiosa **ostracizaría** a los miembros que desobedecieran sus reglas.
to eschew
[Verbo]

to avoid a thing or doing something on purpose

evitar

evitar

Ex: The company chose to eschew traditional marketing methods in favor of digital strategies .La empresa optó por **evitar** los métodos de marketing tradicionales en favor de las estrategias digitales.
to expel
[Verbo]

to force someone to leave a place, organization, etc.

expulsar

expulsar

Ex: The school expelled him for cheating .La escuela lo **expulsó** por hacer trampa.
to repel
[Verbo]

to push away or cause something or someone to retreat or withdraw

repeler

repeler

Ex: The strong winds repelled the hot air balloon , causing it to drift away from its intended path .Los fuertes vientos **repelieron** el globo aerostático, haciendo que se desviara de su ruta prevista.
to dispose
[Verbo]

to throw away something, often in a responsible manner

desechar, eliminar

desechar, eliminar

Ex: As part of the move, they had to dispose of furniture that was no longer needed.Como parte de la mudanza, tuvieron que **deshacerse** de los muebles que ya no necesitaban.
to counter
[Verbo]

to do something to avoid or decrease the harmful or unpleasant effects of something

contrarrestar

contrarrestar

Ex: The organization is actively countering the negative impact of climate change through conservation efforts .La organización está **contrarrestando** activamente el impacto negativo del cambio climático a través de esfuerzos de conservación.

to completely destroy something, particularly a problem or threat

erradicar

erradicar

Ex: The vaccination campaign successfully eradicated the spread of the infectious disease .La campaña de vacunación logró **erradicar** la propagación de la enfermedad infecciosa.

to end or destroy something entirely

extinguir

extinguir

Ex: The company implemented a new strategy to extinguish inefficiencies and improve overall productivity .La empresa implementó una nueva estrategia para **extinguir** las ineficiencias y mejorar la productividad general.
to douse
[Verbo]

to loosen, especially by reducing tension or pressure

aflojar, soltar

aflojar, soltar

Ex: The mechanic quickly doused the tension on the brake cables to fix the issue .El mecánico rápidamente **aflojó** la tensión en los cables de freno para solucionar el problema.
to curb
[Verbo]

to lessen the intensity of something or keep it under control, often through restraint or inhibition

reprimir, contener

reprimir, contener

Ex: The therapist taught him techniques to curb his anxiety in stressful situations .El terapeuta le enseñó técnicas para **frenar** su ansiedad en situaciones estresantes.
to scourge
[Verbo]

to cause widespread destruction or devastation, often resulting in complete ruin

azotar, devastar

azotar, devastar

Ex: Poverty continues to scourge communities , affecting generations of families .La pobreza sigue **azotando** a las comunidades, afectando a generaciones de familias.

to completely destroy or remove something

extirpar

extirpar

Ex: The team of experts worked to extirpate the cybersecurity threat and secure the network .El equipo de expertos trabajó para **extirpar** la amenaza de ciberseguridad y asegurar la red.

to take away from something's effect, value, size, power, or amount

atenuar

atenuar

Ex: The dike was built to attenuate the force of the river 's floodwaters and protect the surrounding area .El dique fue construido para **atenuar** la fuerza de las aguas de inundación del río y proteger el área circundante.
to detract
[Verbo]

to lessen the value or quality of something

quitar méritos a

quitar méritos a

to scrap
[Verbo]

to get rid of something that is old or no longer of use

desechar, deshacerse de

desechar, deshacerse de

Ex: The factory recently scrapped outdated machinery and invested in new technology .La fábrica recientemente **desechó** maquinaria obsoleta e invirtió en nueva tecnología.
to deter
[Verbo]

to stop something from happening

impedir

impedir

Ex: The quick response by the police deterred further violence .La rápida respuesta de la policía **disuadió** más violencia.
to rid
[Verbo]

to free from something undesirable or unwanted

deshacerse de, liberar

deshacerse de, liberar

Ex: The homeowner sought professional help and ridded the house of a persistent pest infestation .El propietario buscó ayuda profesional y **se libró** de la casa de una infestación persistente de plagas.
to repulse
[Verbo]

to drive back or push away

repeler

repeler

Ex: His arrogant demeanor and insensitive comments repulsed most people he met .Su actitud arrogante y sus comentarios insensibles **repelían** a la mayoría de las personas que conocía.

to make a problem, situation, or condition worse or more serious

agravar

agravar

Ex: It aggravated the injury when proper care was not taken .**Agravó** la lesión cuando no se tomó el cuidado adecuado.

to make a counterattack or respond in a similar manner

contraatacar

contraatacar

Ex: The organization decided to retaliate hacking attempts by counterattacking the source .La organización decidió **contraatacar** los intentos de piratería informática atacando la fuente.
to offset
[Verbo]

to compensate for the effects of something through appropriate actions or measures

compensar, contrarrestar

compensar, contrarrestar

Ex: She is actively offsetting her carbon footprint by using public transportation and reducing energy consumption .Ella está compensando activamente su huella de carbono utilizando el transporte público y reduciendo el consumo de energía.

to destroy someone or something completely

aniquilar

aniquilar

Ex: The powerful explosion annihilated the entire building .La poderosa explosión **aniquiló** todo el edificio.
prohibitively
[Adverbio]

in a way that forbids or effectively prevents something

prohibitivamente, de manera prohibitiva

prohibitivamente, de manera prohibitiva

Ex: Access to the archives was prohibitively limited to authorized personnel only .El acceso a los archivos estaba **prohibitivamente** limitado solo al personal autorizado.
Comprensión del Examen ACT
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