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Politika - Mga Anyo ng Pamahalaan at Organisasyon ng Estado

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king
king
[Pangngalan]

the male ruler of a territorial unit that has a royal family

hari, monarka

hari, monarka

Ex: Legends say that the king's sword was imbued with magical powers. 
queen
queen
[Pangngalan]

the female ruler of a territorial unit that has a royal family

reyna

reyna

Ex: The queen's portrait hung proudly in the halls of the royal residence. 
monarch
monarch
[Pangngalan]

a person who has the power to rule over a kingdom or empire, especially someone who inherits this power

monarko, hari

monarko, hari

Ex: She studied the history of the monarchs who ruled during the medieval period for her research project. 

Pinag-aralan niya ang kasaysayan ng mga monarko na namuno noong panahon ng medyebal para sa kanyang proyekto sa pananaliksik.

monarchy
monarchy
[Pangngalan]

a system of government or a country or state that is ruled by a king or queen

monarkiya, kaharian

monarkiya, kaharian

Ex: The monarchy has existed in the country for centuries, with the king serving as the head of state. 
constitutional monarchy

a country ruled by a king or queen whose powers are limited by law and elected officials hold most authority

konstitusyonal na monarkiya, monarkiyang konstitusyonal

konstitusyonal na monarkiya, monarkiyang konstitusyonal

Ex: The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. 

Ang United Kingdom ay isang konstitusyonal na monarkiya.

constitutionalism
constitutionalism
[Pangngalan]

the advocacy or support of government according to constitutional principles

konstitusyonalismo, pagsusulong ng mga prinsipyong konstitusyonal

konstitusyonalismo, pagsusulong ng mga prinsipyong konstitusyonal

Ex: The lawyer championed constitutionalism as a safeguard against arbitrary rule. 

Ipinalaban ng abogado ang konstitusyonalismo bilang isang pananggalang laban sa di-makatwirang pamamahala.

constitutionality
constitutionality
[Pangngalan]

the state of being allowed or valid under a country's constitution

konstitusyonalidad, pagiging balido sa saligang-batas

konstitusyonalidad, pagiging balido sa saligang-batas

Ex: The court reviewed the constitutionality of the new law. 

Sinuri ng korte ang konstitusyonalidad ng bagong batas.

republic
republic
[Pangngalan]

a governing system in which the supreme power is held by people and their chosen representatives

republika, republika

republika, republika

Ex: The republic celebrated its independence day with a grand parade. 
republican
republican
[Pangngalan]

a person who supports a republic as a form of government, especially instead of a monarchy

republikano, tagasuporta ng republika

republikano, tagasuporta ng republika

Ex: He became a committed republican and opposed the monarchy. 
republicanism
republicanism
[Pangngalan]

the belief that a republic, with an elected president rather than a monarch, is the best form of government

republikanismo, ideolohiyang republikan

republikanismo, ideolohiyang republikan

Ex: Republicanism influenced the founding of many modern states. 

Ang republikanismo ay naimpluwensyahan ang pagtatatag ng maraming modernong estado.

Republican Party
Republican Party
[Pangngalan]

the youngest political party in the US which has conservative beliefs and is against the high power of central government

Partidong Republikano, Partidong Republikano ng Estados Unidos

Partidong Republikano, Partidong Republikano ng Estados Unidos

Ex: Many members of the Republican Party oppose expansive government programs and advocate for individual liberties. 

Maraming miyembro ng Republican Party ang tumututol sa malalawak na programa ng gobyerno at nagtataguyod ng mga kalayaang pansarili.

federal
federal
[pang-uri]

having or relating to a system of government in which the individual states have their own laws concerning internal affairs, however a central government has control over national decisions, foreign affairs, etc.

pederal, pederado

pederal, pederado

Ex: The federal government oversees national security and defense policies. 

Ang pamahalaang pederal ang namamahala sa mga patakaran ng pambansang seguridad at depensa.

federal government
federal government
[Pangngalan]

the national government that holds significant authority over states or regions

pamahalaang pederal, administrasyong pederal

pamahalaang pederal, administrasyong pederal

Ex: The federal government passed new healthcare laws. 

Pumasa ang pederal na pamahalaan ng mga bagong batas sa pangangalagang pangkalusugan.

federalism
federalism
[Pangngalan]

a political system in which a central government controls the affairs of each self-governed state

pederalismo

pederalismo

Ex: Federalism allows for a division of powers between the national government and state governments, promoting a balance of authority. 

Ang pederalismo ay nagbibigay-daan sa paghahati ng mga kapangyarihan sa pagitan ng pambansang pamahalaan at mga pamahalaan ng estado, na nagtataguyod ng balanse ng awtoridad.

federalist
federalist
[Pangngalan]

someone who supports sharing power between a central government and regional governments

pederalista, tagapagtaguyod ng pederalismo

pederalista, tagapagtaguyod ng pederalismo

Ex: Federalists played a key role in establishing the country's political system. 

Ang mga pederalista ay gumampan ng pangunahing papel sa pagtatatag ng sistemang pampulitika ng bansa.

federally
federally
[pang-abay]

in a way that is controlled, managed, or organized by the national government

pederal, sa antas ng pederal

pederal, sa antas ng pederal

Ex: The park is federally protected. 

Ang parke ay pederal na protektado.

federation
federation
[Pangngalan]

a group of states, regions, or organizations united under a central body while retaining some individual authority

pederasyon,  samahan

pederasyon, samahan

Ex: Canada is a federation made up of provinces and territories. 
devolution
devolution
[Pangngalan]

the transfer of power from a central government to regional or local authorities

desentralisasyon, paglipat ng kapangyarihan

desentralisasyon, paglipat ng kapangyarihan

Ex: Devolution gave Scotland more control over its laws. 

Ang debolusyon ay nagbigay sa Scotland ng higit na kontrol sa mga batas nito.

devolved
devolved
[pang-uri]

transferred from a central government to a local or regional authority

desentralisado, inilipat

desentralisado, inilipat

Ex: Devolved administrations manage local budgets independently. 

Ang mga desentralisadong administrasyon ay namamahala sa mga lokal na badyet nang nakapag-iisa.

to devolve on
to devolve on
[Pandiwa]

to transfer or delegate responsibility, authority, or a specific matter to a particular individual, group, or entity

ilipat, idelegado

ilipat, idelegado

Ex: In times of crisis, emergency response responsibilities often devolve on specialized agencies equipped to handle the situation. 

Sa panahon ng krisis, ang mga responsibilidad sa pagtugon sa emerhensiya ay madalas na ipinapasa sa mga dalubhasang ahensya na may kakayahan sa paghawak ng sitwasyon.

anarchism
anarchism
[Pangngalan]

a political belief that governments should be abolished and people should govern themselves

anarkismo, anarkismo

anarkismo, anarkismo

Ex: He studied anarchism in political science class. 

Nag-aral siya ng anarkismo sa klase ng agham pampolitika.

anarchist
anarchist
[Pangngalan]

a person who supports the abolition of governments and centralized authority

anarkista, libertaryo

anarkista, libertaryo

Ex: He identifies as an anarchist. 

Siya ay nagkakakilanlan bilang isang anarkista.

anarchy
anarchy
[Pangngalan]

the state of an organization or country that is lacking in order, authority, or control

anarkiya, kaguluhan

anarkiya, kaguluhan

Ex: The country descended into anarchy after the government was overthrown. 

Ang bansa ay bumagsak sa anarkiya matapos mabagsak ang pamahalaan.

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