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政治 - 政府形式与国家组织

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Words Related to Politics
king
king
[名词]

the male ruler of a territorial unit that has a royal family

国王, 君主

国王, 君主

Ex: Legends say that the king's sword was imbued with magical powers. 
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queen
queen
[名词]

the female ruler of a territorial unit that has a royal family

女王

女王

Ex: The queen's portrait hung proudly in the halls of the royal residence. 
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monarch
monarch
[名词]

a person who has the power to rule over a kingdom or empire, especially someone who inherits this power

君主, 帝王

君主, 帝王

Ex: The monarch’s coronation was a grand ceremony attended by dignitaries from around the world. 

君主的加冕典礼是一场盛大的仪式,世界各地的政要都出席了。

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monarchy
monarchy
[名词]

a system of government or a country or state that is ruled by a king or queen

君主制, 王国

君主制, 王国

Ex: Some people argue that a monarchy provides stability, while others see it as outdated. 

有些人认为君主制提供了稳定性,而另一些人则认为它已经过时了。

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constitutional monarchy

a country ruled by a king or queen whose powers are limited by law and elected officials hold most authority

君主立宪制, 立宪君主制

君主立宪制, 立宪君主制

Ex: In a constitutional monarchy, the parliament makes most decisions. 

在君主立宪制中,议会做出大多数决定。

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constitutionalism

the advocacy or support of government according to constitutional principles

宪政主义, 对宪法原则的拥护

宪政主义, 对宪法原则的拥护

Ex: Early political philosophers argued for constitutionalism to limit monarchs' power. 

早期的政治哲学家主张立宪主义以限制君主的权力。

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constitutionality

the state of being allowed or valid under a country's constitution

合宪性, 宪法有效性

合宪性, 宪法有效性

Ex: They questioned the constitutionality of the government's decision. 

他们对政府决定的合宪性提出了质疑。

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republic
republic
[名词]

a governing system in which the supreme power is held by people and their chosen representatives

共和国, 共和国

共和国, 共和国

Ex: The republic celebrated its independence day with a grand parade. 
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republican
republican
[名词]

a person who supports a republic as a form of government, especially instead of a monarchy

共和主义者, 拥护共和制者

共和主义者, 拥护共和制者

Ex: Many republicans called for an elected head of state. 
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republicanism

the belief that a republic, with an elected president rather than a monarch, is the best form of government

共和主义, 共和制意识形态

共和主义, 共和制意识形态

Ex: Supporters of republicanism favor elected leaders over kings. 

共和主义的支持者更喜欢民选领导人而不是国王。

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Republican Party

the youngest political party in the US which has conservative beliefs and is against the high power of central government

共和党, 美国共和党

共和党, 美国共和党

Ex: The Republican Party's platform emphasizes reducing taxes and deregulating industries to boost economic growth. 

共和党的纲领强调通过减税和放松行业管制来促进经济增长。

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federal
federal
[形容词]

having or relating to a system of government in which the individual states have their own laws concerning internal affairs, however a central government has control over national decisions, foreign affairs, etc.

联邦的, 联邦制的

联邦的, 联邦制的

Ex: The state's federal funding supports education and infrastructure projects. 

该州的联邦资金支持教育和基础设施项目。

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federal government

the national government that holds significant authority over states or regions

联邦政府, 联邦行政

联邦政府, 联邦行政

Ex: Taxes are collected by the federal government. 

税款由联邦政府征收。

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federalism
federalism
[名词]

a political system in which a central government controls the affairs of each self-governed state

联邦制

联邦制

Ex: The United States Constitution established a system of federalism to ensure that no single entity held too much power. 

美国宪法确立了一个联邦制系统,以确保没有任何单一实体掌握过多权力。

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federalist
federalist
[名词]

someone who supports sharing power between a central government and regional governments

联邦主义者, 联邦制的支持者

联邦主义者, 联邦制的支持者

Ex: He is a federalist who supports shared government powers. 

他是一位支持共享政府权力的联邦主义者。

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federally
federally
[副词]

in a way that is controlled, managed, or organized by the national government

联邦地, 在联邦层面

联邦地, 在联邦层面

Ex: The laws are federally enforced across all states. 

法律在所有州联邦地执行。

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federation
federation
[名词]

a group of states, regions, or organizations united under a central body while retaining some individual authority

联邦,  联盟

联邦, 联盟

Ex: The sports federation represents clubs from across the country. 
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devolution
devolution
[名词]

the transfer of power from a central government to regional or local authorities

权力下放, 分权

权力下放, 分权

Ex: The government discussed devolution of healthcare management. 

政府讨论了医疗管理的权力下放。

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devolved
devolved
[形容词]

transferred from a central government to a local or regional authority

分权的, 下放的

分权的, 下放的

Ex: The region operates under a devolved administration. 

该地区在下放的行政管理下运作。

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to devolve on

to transfer or delegate responsibility, authority, or a specific matter to a particular individual, group, or entity

移交, 委托

移交, 委托

Ex: The chairman chose to devolve on the vice president the task of overseeing the implementation of the new company policies. 

主席选择将监督新公司政策实施的任务下放给副总裁。

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anarchism
anarchism
[名词]

a political belief that governments should be abolished and people should govern themselves

无政府主义, 无政府主义

无政府主义, 无政府主义

Ex: Anarchism opposes all forms of centralized authority. 

无政府主义反对一切形式的中央集权权威。

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anarchist
anarchist
[名词]

a person who supports the abolition of governments and centralized authority

无政府主义者, 自由意志主义者

无政府主义者, 自由意志主义者

Ex: Anarchists often protest against state control. 

无政府主义者经常抗议国家控制。

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anarchy
anarchy
[名词]

the state of an organization or country that is lacking in order, authority, or control

无政府状态, 混乱

无政府状态, 混乱

Ex: During the power outage, the city experienced a brief period of anarchy. 

在停电期间,这座城市经历了一段短暂的无政府状态。

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