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Listahan ng mga Salita sa Antas C2 - Negosyo at Pamamahala

Dito mo matututunan ang lahat ng mahahalagang salita para sa pagsasalita tungkol sa Negosyo at Pamamahala, na tinipon partikular para sa mga mag-aaral ng antas C2.

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Simulan ang pag-aaral
CEFR C2 Vocabulary
option
option
[Pangngalan]

a contract that gives the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an asset at a predetermined price within a specified time frame

opsyon, kontrata ng opsyon

opsyon, kontrata ng opsyon

Ex: Investors often use call options to speculate on the potential price increase of a particular stock within a defined period. 
book
book
[Pangngalan]

the official record of financial transactions and accounts for a business, including ledgers, journals, and other accounting documents

aklat, talaan ng pananalapi

aklat, talaan ng pananalapi

Ex: The CFO presented the quarterly financial report, highlighting key figures from the company's books to the board of directors. 
belt-tightening
belt-tightening
[Pangngalan]

an act of spending less money during difficult financial times

paghigpit ng sinturon, pagtitipid

paghigpit ng sinturon, pagtitipid

Ex: After losing his job, he began belt-tightening to make ends meet. 

Pagkatapos mawalan ng trabaho, nagsimula siyang maghigpit ng sinturon para makatugon sa mga pangangailangan.

business cycle
business cycle
[Pangngalan]

the rhythmic pattern of economic growth and decline, consisting of phases such as expansion, peak, contraction, and trough

siklo ng negosyo, siklo ng ekonomiya

siklo ng negosyo, siklo ng ekonomiya

Ex: During an economic expansion phase of the business cycle, consumer spending tends to rise, leading to increased production and job opportunities. 

Sa panahon ng isang yugto ng pagpapalawak ng ekonomiya ng business cycle, ang paggasta ng consumer ay may posibilidad na tumaas, na nagdudulot ng pagtaas ng produksyon at mga oportunidad sa trabaho.

cash cow
cash cow
[Pangngalan]

a service or product that provides a business or company with a stable income

baka ng gatas, manok na nangingitlog ng ginto

baka ng gatas, manok na nangingitlog ng ginto

Ex: His latest invention turned out to be a real cash cow. 

Ang kanyang pinakabagong imbensyon ay naging isang tunay na cash cow.

comptroller
comptroller
[Pangngalan]

a financial officer responsible for managing and overseeing the financial accounts and budgets of an organization

tagapangasiwa ng pananalapi, auditor ng mga account

tagapangasiwa ng pananalapi, auditor ng mga account

Ex: The government comptroller meticulously reviews and manages the public finances, ensuring transparency and adherence to fiscal regulations. 

Ang comptroller ng pamahalaan ay masusing nirerepaso at pinamamahalaan ang mga pampublikong pananalapi, tinitiyak ang transparency at pagsunod sa mga regulasyon sa pananalapi.

buyout
buyout
[Pangngalan]

the acquisition of a company or a controlling interest in a company's shares, often initiated by an outside entity or a group of investors, resulting in a change of ownership and control

pagbili, pagsakop

pagbili, pagsakop

Ex: The tech giant announced a strategic buyout of a promising startup, incorporating its innovative technology into its product portfolio. 

Inanunsyo ng tech giant ang isang estratehikong buyout ng isang promising startup, isinasama ang innovative technology nito sa product portfolio nito.

equity
equity
[Pangngalan]

the value of an asset after subtracting any debts or other financial claims against it

equity,  netong halaga

equity, netong halaga

Ex: The homeowner has built substantial equity in the property. 
hedge
hedge
[Pangngalan]

something used to reduce or protect against the risk of loss or other harm

panangga, proteksyon

panangga, proteksyon

Ex: Investors often buy gold as a hedge against inflation. 
top line
top line
[Pangngalan]

a company's gross sales or revenues, before any costs or expenses are deducted

kabuuang benta, kabuuang kita

kabuuang benta, kabuuang kita

Ex: The company's top line revenue increased by 10% compared to the previous quarter. 

Ang kabuuang kita ng kumpanya ay tumaas ng 10% kumpara sa nakaraang quarter.

cash flow
cash flow
[Pangngalan]

the movement of money in and out of a business or financial system, indicating its liquidity and financial well-being

daloy ng pera, daloy ng salapi

daloy ng pera, daloy ng salapi

Ex: Effective cash flow management is crucial for businesses to meet short-term financial obligations and ensure operational sustainability. 

Ang epektibong pamamahala ng daloy ng salapi ay mahalaga para matugunan ng mga negosyo ang kanilang panandaliang pinansyal na obligasyon at matiyak ang pagpapatuloy ng operasyon.

depreciation
depreciation
[Pangngalan]

a decline in something's price or value

depresasyon, pagbaba ng halaga

depresasyon, pagbaba ng halaga

Ex: The depreciation of the currency has led to an increase in the cost of imported goods. 

Ang depresasyon ng pera ay nagdulot ng pagtaas sa halaga ng mga imported na kalakal.

cartel
cartel
[Pangngalan]

an agreement among independent entities, often businesses, to control prices, production, and distribution in a specific industry, reducing competition and increasing market power

kartel, kasunduan

kartel, kasunduan

Ex: The oil cartel, consisting of major petroleum-producing nations, collaborates to influence global oil prices and production levels. 

Ang cartel ng langis, na binubuo ng mga pangunahing bansa na gumagawa ng petrolyo, ay nagtutulungan upang maimpluwensyahan ang mga presyo ng langis sa buong mundo at mga antas ng produksyon.

takeover
takeover
[Pangngalan]

the acquisition of control of a company, typically by purchasing enough of its shares

pagkuha,  pagbili

pagkuha, pagbili

Ex: The board rejected a takeover offer from a larger competitor. 
capital market
capital market
[Pangngalan]

a financial market where long-term debt or equity-backed securities are bought and sold

pamilihan ng kapital, pamilihang pinansyal

pamilihan ng kapital, pamilihang pinansyal

Ex: Investors can access the capital market to buy and sell stocks, bonds, and other financial instruments. 

Ang mga investor ay maaaring ma-access ang capital market upang bumili at magbenta ng mga stocks, bonds, at iba pang financial instruments.

asset stripping
asset stripping
[Pangngalan]

the act of buying a company and then selling its assets separately, often at a profit, without regard for the company's long-term viability

paghihiwalay ng mga ari-arian, pagnanakaw ng mga ari-arian

paghihiwalay ng mga ari-arian, pagnanakaw ng mga ari-arian

Ex: The company engaged in asset stripping, selling off its valuable properties and intellectual assets to generate short-term profits. 

Ang kumpanya ay nakibahagi sa asset stripping, pagbebenta ng mga mahahalagang ari-arian at intelektuwal na mga ari-arian upang makabuo ng mga panandaliang kita.

curtailment
curtailment
[Pangngalan]

the act of reducing or limiting something in order to reach financial stability

pagbabawas,  paghihigpit

pagbabawas, paghihigpit

Ex: The company announced a curtailment of its production operations in response to declining market demand. 

Inanunsyo ng kumpanya ang isang pagbabawas sa mga operasyon ng produksyon nito bilang tugon sa pagbaba ng demand sa merkado.

to wind down
to wind down
[Pandiwa]

to slowly reduce the activity of a business or organization, leading to its eventual closure

unti-unting bawasan ang operasyon ng negosyo o organisasyon hanggang magsara, unti-unting ihinto ang operasyon

unti-unting bawasan ang operasyon ng negosyo o organisasyon hanggang magsara, unti-unting ihinto ang operasyon

Ex: The company plans to wind down its operations over the next six months. 

Ang kumpanya ay nagpaplano na unti-unting ihinto ang mga operasyon nito sa susunod na anim na buwan.

bottom line
bottom line
[Pangngalan]

the amount that was profited or lost in an organization or company after everything was calculated

netong kita, huling kita o lugi

netong kita, huling kita o lugi

Ex: After all the costs were counted, the bottom line was better than expected. 

Matapos isama ang lahat ng gastos, mas maganda kaysa inaasahan ang netong kita.

supervision
supervision
[Pangngalan]

the act of watching or overseeing a person, activity, or process to ensure that it is carried out correctly and safely

pangangasiwa,  pagmamanman

pangangasiwa, pagmamanman

Ex: The children must remain under adult supervision at all times. 
collective
collective
[Pangngalan]

a group of people organized to work together for a shared purpose or activity

kolektibo,  samahan

kolektibo, samahan

Ex: Emma belongs to an independent artists' collective. 
conglomerate
conglomerate
[Pangngalan]

a corporation formed by merging different firms or businesses

konglomerado, grupo

konglomerado, grupo

Ex: The conglomerate expanded its operations by acquiring companies in various industries such as technology, healthcare, and consumer goods. 

Pinalawak ng konglomerato ang mga operasyon nito sa pamamagitan ng pagkuha ng mga kumpanya sa iba't ibang industriya tulad ng teknolohiya, pangangalagang pangkalusugan, at mga produktong pang-konsumo.

maladministration
maladministration
[Pangngalan]

the inefficient or improper management, especially within a public institution or organization

masamang pamamahala, hindi wastong pangangasiwa

masamang pamamahala, hindi wastong pangangasiwa

Ex: The investigation revealed instances of maladministration within the government department, leading to calls for reform. 

Ang imbestigasyon ay nagbunyag ng mga kaso ng masamang pamamahala sa loob ng departamento ng gobyerno, na nagdulot ng mga panawagan para sa reporma.

directive
directive
[Pangngalan]

an authoritative instruction or order that guides what someone should do

direktiba,  tagubilin

direktiba, tagubilin

Ex: The director issued a directive requiring all staff to complete the training. 
concern
concern
[Pangngalan]

a business entity, organization, or company engaged in commercial, industrial, or professional activities

negosyo, kumpanya

negosyo, kumpanya

Ex: Employees appreciate the employee-centric policies implemented by the human resources department of the concern, fostering a positive work environment. 
syndicate
syndicate
[Pangngalan]

a group of people or businesses who come together in order to carry out or to fund a particular business project

sindikato, konsorsyo

sindikato, konsorsyo

Ex: The investment bank formed a syndicate of lenders to provide financing for the large-scale infrastructure project. 

Ang investment bank ay bumuo ng isang syndicate ng mga nagpapautang para magbigay ng pondo sa malawakang proyekto ng imprastraktura.

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