C2 Level Wordlist - Business and Management

Here you will learn all the essential words for talking about Business and Management, collected specifically for level C2 learners.

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C2 Level Wordlist
option [noun]

a contract that gives the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an asset at a predetermined price within a specified time frame

Ex:
book [noun]

the official record of financial transactions and accounts for a business, including ledgers, journals, and other accounting documents

Ex: The small business owner relied on digital accounting software to maintain an organized and up-to-date book , streamlining financial management .

an act of spending less money during difficult financial times

Ex: During the recession , our family had to start belt-tightening .

the rhythmic pattern of economic growth and decline, consisting of phases such as expansion, peak, contraction, and trough

Ex: The trough of the business cycle represents the lowest point , with economic activity bottoming out , and typically precedes a new phase of expansion .
cash cow [noun]

a service or product that provides a business or company with a stable income

Ex: The popular gaming franchise has proven to be a cash cow for the studio , allowing them to fund other projects .

a financial officer responsible for managing and overseeing the financial accounts and budgets of an organization

Ex: The university comptroller is responsible for managing the institution 's budget , allocating resources efficiently , and maintaining financial records .
buyout [noun]

the acquisition of a company or a controlling interest in a company's shares, often initiated by an outside entity or a group of investors, resulting in a change of ownership and control

Ex: The management team proposed a management-led buyout , aiming to take the company private and streamline operations for greater efficiency .
equity [noun]

the value of an asset after deducting all claims, debts, or liens against it

Ex: Homeowners often borrow against the equity of their houses .
hedge [noun]

a thing or method that protects one against potential problems, particularly financial ones

Ex: The company implemented a currency hedge to mitigate the impact of exchange rate fluctuations on its international transactions .
top line [noun]

a company's gross sales or revenues, before any costs or expenses are deducted

Ex: Management is focused on growing the top line through strategic initiatives and new product launches .

the movement of money in and out of a business or financial system, indicating its liquidity and financial well-being

Ex: During periods of economic uncertainty , businesses often focus on maintaining a healthy cash flow to enhance financial resilience .

a decline in something's price or value

Ex: Depreciation of property values in the neighborhood has made it difficult for homeowners to sell their houses .
cartel [noun]

an agreement among independent entities, often businesses, to control prices, production, and distribution in a specific industry, reducing competition and increasing market power

Ex: The automobile manufacturers cartel strategically coordinates production levels and pricing to maintain stability within the industry .
takeover [noun]

the acquisition of a company, leading to a change in ownership and often involving the purchase of a substantial portion of its shares

Ex: Shareholders celebrated the successful takeover , which significantly increased the value of their investments .

a financial market where long-term debt or equity-backed securities are bought and sold

Ex: Companies often raise capital through the issuance of stocks or bonds in the capital market to finance their expansion projects .

the act of buying a company and then selling its assets separately, often at a profit, without regard for the company's long-term viability

Ex: Shareholders accused the management of engaging in asset stripping to enrich themselves at the expense of the company 's long-term sustainability .

the act of reducing or limiting something in order to reach financial stability

Ex: The curtailment of certain benefits led to employee dissatisfaction and increased turnover .

to slowly reduce the activity of a business or organization, leading to its eventual closure

Ex: They have been slowly winding down their manufacturing facilities .

the amount that was profited or lost in an organization or company after everything was calculated

Ex: The company 's bottom line improved significantly after implementing cost-cutting measures .

the act or process of overseeing the activities of individuals or a group to ensure compliance with rules or objectives

Ex: Effective supervision involves both guidance and feedback to help employees develop their skills and contribute to organizational goals .

a cooperative or united group of individuals, entities, or elements working together for a common purpose or interest

Ex: The cooperative is a business model where a collective of farmers jointly owns and manages the agricultural production .

a corporation formed by merging different firms or businesses

Ex: The conglomerate 's stock price soared after announcing plans to divest non-core businesses and focus on its core strengths .

the inefficient or improper management, especially within a public institution or organization

Ex: The ombudsman 's report highlighted cases of maladministration in the handling of public services , prompting demands for accountability .

a clear instruction or order given to guide actions or decisions

Ex: The school board issued a directive to all teachers to incorporate digital learning tools into their curriculum .
concern [noun]

a business entity, organization, or company engaged in commercial, industrial, or professional activities

Ex: The family-owned concern has been a cornerstone of the local community for decades , contributing to both economic and social development .

a group of people or businesses who come together in order to carry out or to fund a particular business project

Ex: The insurance syndicate underwrote the risk associated with the construction project , spreading it across multiple insurers .