قائمة كلمات المستوى C2 - الأعمال والإدارة

a contract that gives the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an asset at a predetermined price within a specified time frame

the official record of financial transactions and accounts for a business, including ledgers, journals, and other accounting documents

an act of spending less money during difficult financial times

the rhythmic pattern of economic growth and decline, consisting of phases such as expansion, peak, contraction, and trough

a service or product that provides a business or company with a stable income

a financial officer responsible for managing and overseeing the financial accounts and budgets of an organization

the acquisition of a company or a controlling interest in a company's shares, often initiated by an outside entity or a group of investors, resulting in a change of ownership and control

the value of an asset after subtracting any debts or other financial claims against it

something used to reduce or protect against the risk of loss or other harm

a company's gross sales or revenues, before any costs or expenses are deducted

the movement of money in and out of a business or financial system, indicating its liquidity and financial well-being

a decline in something's price or value

an agreement among independent entities, often businesses, to control prices, production, and distribution in a specific industry, reducing competition and increasing market power

the acquisition of control of a company, typically by purchasing enough of its shares

a financial market where long-term debt or equity-backed securities are bought and sold

the act of buying a company and then selling its assets separately, often at a profit, without regard for the company's long-term viability

the act of reducing or limiting something in order to reach financial stability

to slowly reduce the activity of a business or organization, leading to its eventual closure

the amount that was profited or lost in an organization or company after everything was calculated

the act of watching or overseeing a person, activity, or process to ensure that it is carried out correctly and safely

a group of people organized to work together for a shared purpose or activity

a corporation formed by merging different firms or businesses

the inefficient or improper management, especially within a public institution or organization

an authoritative instruction or order that guides what someone should do

a business entity, organization, or company engaged in commercial, industrial, or professional activities

a group of people or businesses who come together in order to carry out or to fund a particular business project