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Agham ACT - Mga Kemikal na Sangkap at Compound

Dito matututo ka ng ilang mga salitang Ingles na may kaugnayan sa mga kemikal na sangkap at compound, tulad ng "buffer", "solute", "halogen", atbp. na makakatulong sa iyo na makapasa sa iyong ACTs.

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Simulan ang pag-aaral

ACT Vocabulary for Science

[Pangngalan]

a type of chemical element found in Group 17 of the periodic table, known for being highly reactive and commonly used in disinfectants and lights

halogen, elementong halogen

halogen, elementong halogen

Ex: The halogens share common properties such as high electronegativity and the ability to gain an electron to achieve a stable electron configuration .Ang mga **halogen** ay nagbabahagi ng mga karaniwang katangian tulad ng mataas na electronegativity at ang kakayahang makakuha ng isang electron upang makamit ang isang matatag na electron configuration.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

a durable plastic material used for packaging, bags, and various applications

polythene, plastik

polythene, plastik

Ex: She packed sandwiches in polythene bags for the picnic .Nagbalot siya ng mga sandwich sa mga bag na **polyethylene** para sa piknik.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

a lightweight and versatile synthetic polymer used in packaging, insulation, and disposable products

polystyrene, foam na polystyrene

polystyrene, foam na polystyrene

Ex: Manufacturers recycle polystyrene to produce new products like picture frames and garden furniture .Ang mga tagagawa ay nag-recycle ng **polystyrene** upang makagawa ng mga bagong produkto tulad ng mga picture frame at garden furniture.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

a chemical element that is a vital component of DNA and bone structure, found in dairy products, meat, and nuts, playing a key role in cellular energy transfer

posporo, ang elemento ng posporo

posporo, ang elemento ng posporo

Ex: Jenny eats phosphorus-rich foods like nuts for bone health.Kumakain si Jenny ng mga pagkaing mayaman sa **posporus** tulad ng mga nuts para sa kalusugan ng buto.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

a colorless, volatile liquid solvent commonly used for removing nail polish and other substances from surfaces

acetone, propanone

acetone, propanone

Isara

[Pangngalan]

a naturally occurring polysaccharide derived from brown seaweed, commonly used in various industries for its thickening, gelling, and stabilizing properties

alginate, polysaccharide na nagmumula sa brown seaweed

alginate, polysaccharide na nagmumula sa brown seaweed

Isara

[Pangngalan]

a compound containing silicon and oxygen atoms, often forming minerals or glasses, with diverse applications in industry and nature

silicate, compound na may silicon

silicate, compound na may silicon

Ex: Silicate ceramics are used in various high-temperature applications due to their heat-resistant properties.Ang mga **silicate** ceramics ay ginagamit sa iba't ibang mataas na temperatura na aplikasyon dahil sa kanilang mga heat-resistant na katangian.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a two-dimensional honeycomb lattice, known for its exceptional strength, electrical conductivity, and flexibility

graphene, isang solong layer ng mga carbon atoms na nakaayos sa isang two-dimensional honeycomb lattice

graphene, isang solong layer ng mga carbon atoms na nakaayos sa isang two-dimensional honeycomb lattice

Isara

[Pangngalan]

a naturally occurring organic compound found in many fruits that contributes to their sour taste

malic acid

malic acid

Isara

[Pangngalan]

a weak organic acid found naturally in citrus fruits like lemons, oranges, and limes, commonly used as a food additive for flavoring and preserving

citric acid, asimong sitriko

citric acid, asimong sitriko

Ex: Some cosmetics and pharmaceuticals use citric acid for its antioxidant and pH-balancing effects .Ang ilang mga kosmetiko at parmasyutiko ay gumagamit ng **citric acid** para sa mga epekto nito bilang antioxidant at pH-balancing.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

a chemical compound that contains phosphorus and oxygen atoms, commonly found in salts or esters of phosphoric acid, important for biological processes and industrial applications

pospeyt, isang kemikal na compound na naglalaman ng mga atomo ng posporus at oksiheno

pospeyt, isang kemikal na compound na naglalaman ng mga atomo ng posporus at oksiheno

Ex: Sodium phosphate is used as a food additive and a laxative in medicine.Ang sodium **phosphate** ay ginagamit bilang food additive at laxative sa medisina.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

a type of elementary particle that is one of the six types, or flavors, of quarks that has an electric charge of +2/3 and participates in strong and electromagnetic interactions

quark ng alindog, quark ng pang-akit

quark ng alindog, quark ng pang-akit

Ex: Quarks like the charm quark play a crucial role in the formation of hadrons , such as the J / psi particle , which consists of a charm quark and an anti-charm quark bound together .Ang mga quark tulad ng **charm quark** ay may mahalagang papel sa pagbuo ng mga hadron, tulad ng particle na J/psi, na binubuo ng isang charm quark at isang anti-charm quark na magkasamang nakatali.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

something that has specific chemicals or causes a chemical reaction that destroys harmful microorganisms such as bacteria

disimpektante, antiseptiko

disimpektante, antiseptiko

Isara

[Pangngalan]

a chemical compound important for regulating pH balance, found in baking soda and crucial for bodily functions

bikarbonate, hydrocarbonate

bikarbonate, hydrocarbonate

Ex: Agricultural practices may involve applying bicarbonate to soil to adjust pH for optimal crop growth .Ang mga gawaing agrikultural ay maaaring kasama ang paglalapat ng **bicarbonate** sa lupa upang iayos ang pH para sa pinakamainam na paglago ng pananim.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

a substance that is dissolved in a solvent, resulting in a solution

solute, natunaw na sangkap

solute, natunaw na sangkap

Ex: Dissolving a pain reliever ( e.g. , aspirin ) in water results in the drug acting as the solute in the liquid solvent .Ang pagtunaw ng isang pain reliever (halimbawa, aspirin) sa tubig ay nagreresulta sa pag-arte ng gamot bilang **solute** sa likidong solvent.

Isara

[pang-uri]

having absorbed as much of a substance as possible at a given temperature, reaching its maximum concentration

puspos, tigmak

puspos, tigmak

Ex: The paper towel became saturated with spilled coffee, unable to absorb any more liquid.Ang papel na pampunas ay naging **puspos** ng natapong kape, hindi na kayang sumipsip pa ng likido.

Isara

[pang-uri]

(of a solution) containing volatile or highly flammable substances, such as diethyl ether

eter, madaling singaw

eter, madaling singaw

Ex: The ethereal nature of diethyl ether makes it a useful solvent for extracting natural products from plant materials .Ang **ethereal** na katangian ng diethyl ether ay ginagawa itong kapaki-pakinabang na solvent para sa pagkuha ng mga natural na produkto mula sa mga materyales ng halaman.

Isara

[pang-uri]

describing chemical compounds that do not contain carbon-hydrogen bonds and are typically derived from minerals or non-living matter

inorganiko

inorganiko

Ex: Inorganic chemistry focuses on the study of compounds and elements that do not involve carbon-hydrogen bonds.Ang **inorganic** chemistry ay nakatuon sa pag-aaral ng mga compound at elemento na hindi kasama ang carbon-hydrogen bonds.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

a liquid that is capable of dissolving another substance

solvent, pantunaw

solvent, pantunaw

Ex: Water is the universal solvent, capable of dissolving more substances like salt and sugar than any other liquid.Ang tubig ay ang unibersal na **solvent**, kayang matunaw ang mas maraming sangkap tulad ng asin at asukal kaysa sa anumang iba pang likido.

Isara

[pang-uri]

refering to substances that have a pH greater than 7, indicating a basic or non-acidic nature

alkalina

alkalina

Ex: Alkaline batteries use potassium hydroxide as an electrolyte to generate electricity.Ang mga bateryang **alkaline** ay gumagamit ng potassium hydroxide bilang electrolyte upang makagawa ng kuryente.

Isara

[pang-uri]

containing or relating to salt

maalat, may asin

maalat, may asin

Ex: The saline soil in the coastal region affected the types of crops that could be grown successfully.Ang **maalat** na lupa sa baybaying rehiyon ay nakaaapekto sa mga uri ng pananim na maaaring matagumpay na itanim.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

a substance that takes part in and undergoes a chemical reaction, leading to the formation of new products

reaktibo

reaktibo

Ex: When iron reacts with sulfur , the reactants are iron and sulfur .Kapag ang bakal ay nag-react sa sulfur, ang **reactants** ay bakal at sulfur.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

(chemistry) a substance that causes a chemical reaction to happen at a faster rate without undergoing any chemical change itself

katalista, aktibador

katalista, aktibador

Ex: In the Haber process , iron is used as a catalyst to promote the synthesis of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen gases .Sa proseso ng Haber, ang bakal ay ginagamit bilang **katalista** upang mapabilis ang sintesis ng ammonia mula sa nitrogen at hydrogen gases.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

a solution containing a weak acid and its conjugate base, or a weak base and its conjugate acid, which maintains a stable pH when small amounts of acid or base are added

buffer, solusyon ng buffer

buffer, solusyon ng buffer

Ex: Buffers play a significant role in biochemical research by providing a controlled environment for reactions .Ang mga **buffer** ay may malaking papel sa biochemical research sa pamamagitan ng pagbibigay ng kontroladong kapaligiran para sa mga reaksyon.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

a substance or compound used in a chemical reaction to detect, examine, or produce other substances

reagent

reagent

Ex: Reagents vary widely in their properties and are selected based on their compatibility with the reaction conditions and desired outcome .Ang mga **reagent** ay malawak na nag-iiba sa kanilang mga katangian at pinili batay sa kanilang pagkakatugma sa mga kondisyon ng reaksyon at ninanais na resulta.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

any of the elements in Group 18 of the periodic table, including helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon, characterized by their inert nature and stable electron configurations

marangal na gas, inerteng gas

marangal na gas, inerteng gas

Ex: The noble gas configuration is characterized by a full outer electron shell , contributing to the stability and lack of reactivity .Ang configuration ng **noble gas** ay nailalarawan sa pamamagitan ng isang buong panlabas na electron shell, na nag-aambag sa katatagan at kawalan ng reactivity.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

a group of non-reactive gases that typically exhibit low chemical reactivity due to their stable electron configurations

inert gas, marangal na gas

inert gas, marangal na gas

Ex: Deep-sea divers breathe a mixture of oxygen and inert gases like helium to prevent nitrogen narcosis at great depths .Ang mga maninisid sa malalim na dagat ay humihinga ng halo ng oxygen at **inert gas** tulad ng helium upang maiwasan ang nitrogen narcosis sa malalim na kalaliman.

Isara

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