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Bokabularyo para sa IELTS (Pangkalahatan) - Pagtuturo

Dito matututo ka ng ilang salitang Ingles tungkol sa signposting, tulad ng "moreover", "thus", "show", atbp. na kailangan para sa pagsusulit sa IELTS.

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Pagbaybay

Pagsusulit

Simulan ang pag-aaral
Words for General IELTS
additionally
additionally
[pang-abay]

used to introduce extra information or points

karagdagan pa, bukod pa rito

karagdagan pa, bukod pa rito

Ex: The team completed the project ahead of schedule, and additionally, they exceeded the client's expectations. 

Ang koponan ay nakumpleto ang proyekto nang mas maaga sa iskedyul, at karagdagan pa, lumampas sila sa mga inaasahan ng kliyente.

furthermore
furthermore
[pang-abay]

used to introduce additional information

bukod pa rito, dagdag pa

bukod pa rito, dagdag pa

Ex: The research findings supported the hypothesis, and furthermore, they provided valuable insights into potential applications. 

Sinoportahan ng mga natuklasan sa pananaliksik ang hipotesis, at higit pa rito, nagbigay sila ng mahalagang mga pananaw sa mga potensyal na aplikasyon.

moreover
moreover
[pang-abay]

used to introduce additional information or to emphasize a point

bukod pa, dagdag pa

bukod pa, dagdag pa

Ex: The new policy aims to reduce carbon emissions, and moreover, it aligns with the company's commitment to environmental sustainability. 

Ang bagong patakaran ay naglalayong bawasan ang carbon emissions, at higit pa rito, ito ay naaayon sa pangako ng kumpanya sa environmental sustainability.

former
former
[pang-uri]

referring to the first of two things mentioned

una, nauna

una, nauna

Ex: After considering two internship offers, he decided to pursue the former opportunity as it offered more hands-on experience. 
initial
initial
[pang-uri]

related to the beginning of a series or process

paunang, una

paunang, una

Ex: The initial stages of the project involved research and planning. 

Ang paunang mga yugto ng proyekto ay nagsasangkot ng pananaliksik at pagpaplano.

latter
latter
[pang-uri]

referring to the second of two things mentioned

huli, pangalawa

huli, pangalawa

Ex: n the debate between the two proposals, the latter argument was more compelling. 

Sa debate sa pagitan ng dalawang panukala, ang huling argumento ay mas nakakahimok.

prior
prior
[pang-uri]

happening or existing before something else

nauna, dati

nauna, dati

Ex: They discussed the prior agreements before finalizing the contract. 

Tinalakay nila ang mga naunang kasunduan bago gawing pinal ang kontrata.

respectively
respectively
[pang-abay]

used to show that separate items correspond to separate others in the order listed

ayon sa pagkakasunod-sunod

ayon sa pagkakasunod-sunod

Ex: Tom and Jerry are 5 and 3 years old, respectively. 

Si Tom at Jerry ay 5 at 3 taong gulang, ayon sa pagkakasunod-sunod.

subsequent
subsequent
[pang-uri]

occurring or coming after something else

kasunod, sumunod

kasunod, sumunod

Ex: The subsequent chapters of the book delve deeper into the protagonist's journey. 

Ang mga kasunod na kabanata ng libro ay mas malalim na tumatalakay sa paglalakbay ng pangunahing tauhan.

overall
overall
[pang-abay]

with everyone or everything included

sa kabuuan, pangkalahatan

sa kabuuan, pangkalahatan

Ex: He felt overall satisfied with his performance in the exam, despite a few mistakes. 
thus
thus
[pang-abay]

in the way or manner that is already mentioned

ganito, sa ganitong paraan

ganito, sa ganitong paraan

Ex: She always spoke politely, and taught her children to do thus. 

Lagi niyang pinagsasalitaan nang magalang at itinuro sa kanyang mga anak na gawin ganito.

consequently
consequently
[pang-abay]

used to indicate a logical result or effect

dahil dito,  kaya

dahil dito, kaya

Ex: The team neglected to conduct thorough testing, and consequently, several critical errors emerged in the final product. 

Napabayaan ng koponan na magsagawa ng masusing pagsusuri, at dahil dito, lumitaw ang ilang kritikal na pagkakamali sa huling produkto.

however
however
[pang-abay]

used to indicate contrast or contradiction

gayunpaman, subalit

gayunpaman, subalit

also
also
[pang-abay]

used to add another item, fact, or action to what has already been mentioned

din,  pati na rin

din, pati na rin

Ex: She teaches full-time and also runs her own business. 

Nagtuturo siya nang buong oras at rin pinapatakbo ang kanyang sariling negosyo.

alternatively
alternatively
[pang-abay]

as a second choice or another possibility

bilang alternatibo, bilang isa pang pagpipilian

bilang alternatibo, bilang isa pang pagpipilian

Ex: If you prefer not to drive, you can alternatively take the train to the city. 
conversely
conversely
[pang-abay]

in a way that is different from what has been mentioned

kabaligtaran, sa kabilang banda

kabaligtaran, sa kabilang banda

Ex: While the forecast predicted a sunny day, conversely, a sudden and unexpected storm rolled in. 

Habang ang forecast ay naghula ng isang maaraw na araw, kabaligtaran, bigla at hindi inaasahang bagyo ang dumating.

to assert
to assert
[Pandiwa]

to clearly and confidently say that something is the case

magpahayag, magpatunay

magpahayag, magpatunay

Ex: During the debate, the politician asserted their stance on the controversial issue. 

Sa panahon ng debate, iginiit ng politiko ang kanilang paninindigan sa kontrobersyal na isyu.

to claim
to claim
[Pandiwa]

to say that something is the case without providing proof for it

mag-claim, magpahayag

mag-claim, magpahayag

Ex: The controversial article regularly claims that a UFO sighting occurred last night. 

Ang kontrobersyal na artikulo ay regular na nag-aangkin na naganap ang isang UFO sighting kagabi.

to demonstrate

to show clearly that something is true or exists by providing proof or evidence

ipakita, patunayan

ipakita, patunayan

Ex: The scientist demonstrated the effectiveness of the new drug through a series of experiments. 

Ipinakita ng siyentipiko ang bisa ng bagong gamot sa pamamagitan ng isang serye ng mga eksperimento.

to intend
to intend
[Pandiwa]

to have something in mind as a plan or purpose

balak, plano

balak, plano

Ex: She intends to travel abroad next summer. 

Siya ay balak maglakbay sa ibang bansa sa susunod na tag-araw.

firstly
firstly
[pang-abay]

used to introduce the first fact, reason, step, etc.

Una, Panguna

Una, Panguna

Ex: Firstly, gather all the necessary materials before starting the experiment. 

Una, tipunin ang lahat ng kinakailangang materyales bago simulan ang eksperimento.

secondly
secondly
[pang-abay]

used to introduce the second point, reason, step, etc.

pangalawa, susunod

pangalawa, susunod

Ex: Firstly, gather the ingredients for the recipe. Secondly, preheat the oven to 350°F. 

Una, tipunin ang mga sangkap para sa recipe. Pangalawa, painitin ang oven sa 350°F.

finally
finally
[pang-abay]

used to indicate that what follows is the conclusion or final aspect being considered

sa wakas, panghuli

sa wakas, panghuli

Ex: Finally, let's consider how these changes will affect customer satisfaction. 

Sa wakas, isaalang-alang natin kung paano makakaapekto ang mga pagbabagong ito sa kasiyahan ng customer.

to signpost
to signpost
[Pandiwa]

to clearly indicate or highlight the structure, direction, or development of a speech, argument, or presentation

magturo, magpakita ng direksyon

magturo, magpakita ng direksyon

Ex: The lecturer signposted the main points at the start of her talk. 

Itinuro ng lektora ang mga pangunahing punto sa simula ng kanyang talumpati.

supplementary
supplementary
[pang-uri]

provided to improve or enhance something that already exists

karagdagan, pandagdag

karagdagan, pandagdag

Ex: The teacher handed out supplementary worksheets to help students grasp the more challenging concepts. 

Ibinigay ng guro ang mga karagdagang worksheet upang matulungan ang mga estudyante na maunawaan ang mas mahihirap na konsepto.

besides
besides
[pang-abay]

used to add extra information or to introduce a reason that supports what was just said

bukod pa, dagdag pa

bukod pa, dagdag pa

Ex: I don't want to go. Besides, I'm feeling tired. 

Ayaw kong pumunta. Bukod pa riyan, nararamdaman kong pagod ako.

extra
extra
[pang-abay]

to a degree or extent that is greater or more than usual

lalo na,  sobra

lalo na, sobra

Ex: He ran extra fast to catch the bus before it left. 

Tumakbo siya nang extra bilis para mahabol ang bus bago ito umalis.

whereas
whereas
[Pang-ugnay]

used to introduce a statement that is true for one thing and false for another

samantalang, habang

samantalang, habang

Ex: James is outgoing and talkative, whereas his brother is reserved and quiet. 

Si James ay palakaibigan at madaldal, samantalang ang kanyang kapatid ay mahinhin at tahimik.

whilst
whilst
[Pang-ugnay]

during the time that something else is happening

habang, samantalang

habang, samantalang

Ex: She read a book whilst waiting for the train. 

Nagbasa siya ng libro habang naghihintay ng tren.

on balance
on balance
[Parirala]

after considering all relevant facts and taking every factor into account

(in|by) contrast
in contrast
[pang-abay]

used to highlight the differences between two or more things or people

sa kaibahan, kabaligtaran

sa kaibahan, kabaligtaran

Ex: The first half of the movie was action-packed and fast-paced; in contrast, the second half was slow and introspective. 

Ang unang kalahati ng pelikula ay puno ng aksyon at mabilis ang takbo; sa kabaligtaran, ang ikalawang kalahati ay mabagal at mapagmuni-muni.

nevertheless
nevertheless
[pang-abay]

used to introduce an opposing statement

gayunpaman, subalit

gayunpaman, subalit

Ex: The plan was risky; they proceeded nevertheless. 
to show
to show
[Pandiwa]

to teach or explain to someone how something is done in a practical way

ipakita, turuan

ipakita, turuan

Ex: Let me show you how to sew a button onto a shirt. 

Hayaan mong ipakita ko sa iyo kung paano manahi ng butones sa isang shirt.

as a result
as a result
[pang-abay]

used to indicate the outcome of a preceding action or situation

bilang resulta, kaya naman

bilang resulta, kaya naman

Ex: He worked hard on his studies, and as a result, he achieved top grades in the class. 

Nagsumikap siya sa kanyang pag-aaral, at bilang resulta, nakamit niya ang pinakamataas na marka sa klase.

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