Cambridge English: CAE (C1 Advanced) - Biologie, Génétique & Processus de la Vie
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(biology) the part of a cell that contains most of the genetic information

noyau
the chemical processes through which food is changed into energy for the body to use

métabolisme
related to evolution or the slow and gradual development of something

évolutif
(biology) the slow and gradual development of living things throughout the history of the earth

évolution
the complete set of genetic material of any living thing

génome
(biology) a change in the structure of the genes of an individual that causes them to develop different physical features

mutation
an unhatched or unborn offspring in the process of development, especially a human offspring roughly from the second to the eighth week after fertilization

embryon
an animal or plant with parents that belong to different breeds or varieties

hybride
a cell or a group of cells created through a natural or artificial process from a source that they are genetically identical to

clone
(of a living being) to produce offspring or more of itself

reproduire
something that triggers a reaction in various areas like psychology or physiology

stimulant
the act of producing a substance that exists in living beings

synthèse
all the different stages of grow and development of a living organism

cycle de vie
to become limp or droopy, usually due to lack of water or loss of vitality

se faner, flétrir
the total amount of time that an organism, person, or object is alive or able to function

durée de vie, espérance de vie
to receive traits or attributes from a previous generation through genetic inheritance

hériter, recevoir en héritage
the duration between conception and birth during which an embryo or fetus develops in the uterus

période de gestation, durée de gestation
any tube structure inside the body through which blood can circulate, such as a vein, artery, etc.

vaisseau sanguin
the flowing blood in a circulatory system, moving through vessels to transport oxygen, nutrients, and waste products throughout the body

système sanguin
an organism's smallest unit, capable of functioning on its own

cellule
relating to or consisting of cells, the basic structural units of living organisms or systems

cellulaire, relatif aux cellules
(anatomy) the outer layer of the anterior part of the brain, called cerebrum, containing gray matter

cortex
a substance such as a vitamin, protein, fat, etc. that is essential for good health and growth

nutriment, substance nutritive
any organism that can cause diseases

agent pathogène
to develop from a simple form to a more complex or sophisticated one over an extended period

évoluer, descendre de
the process of taming wild animals and developing them into pets or livestock through selective breeding and husbandry

domestication, apprivoisement
related to the heart and blood vessels

cardiovasculaire
(genetics) a basic unit of heredity and a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is located on a chromosome in a cell and controls a particular quality

gène
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