Cambridge English: CAE (C1 Advanced) - Biologia, Genética e Processos da Vida
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(biology) the part of a cell that contains most of the genetic information

núcleo, nucleo
the chemical processes through which food is changed into energy for the body to use

metabolismo, funcionamento metabólico
related to evolution or the slow and gradual development of something

evolutivo
(biology) the slow and gradual development of living things throughout the history of the earth

evolução
the complete set of genetic material of any living thing

genoma
(biology) a change in the structure of the genes of an individual that causes them to develop different physical features

mutação, modificação genética
an unhatched or unborn offspring in the process of development, especially a human offspring roughly from the second to the eighth week after fertilization

embrião, feto
an animal or plant with parents that belong to different breeds or varieties

híbrido, cruzamento
a cell or a group of cells created through a natural or artificial process from a source that they are genetically identical to

clone, clonagem
(of a living being) to produce offspring or more of itself

reproduzir, reproduzir-se
something that triggers a reaction in various areas like psychology or physiology

estímulo, estimulante
the act of producing a substance that exists in living beings

síntese
all the different stages of grow and development of a living organism

ciclo de vida, ciclo biológico
to become limp or droopy, usually due to lack of water or loss of vitality

murchar, definhar
the total amount of time that an organism, person, or object is alive or able to function

tempo de vida, expectativa de vida
to receive traits or attributes from a previous generation through genetic inheritance

herdar, receber por herança
the duration between conception and birth during which an embryo or fetus develops in the uterus

período de gestação, duração da gestação
any tube structure inside the body through which blood can circulate, such as a vein, artery, etc.

vaso sanguíneo, vaso
the flowing blood in a circulatory system, moving through vessels to transport oxygen, nutrients, and waste products throughout the body

corrente sanguínea, fluxo sanguíneo
an organism's smallest unit, capable of functioning on its own

célula
relating to or consisting of cells, the basic structural units of living organisms or systems

celular, relativo às células
(anatomy) the outer layer of the anterior part of the brain, called cerebrum, containing gray matter

córtex, córtex cerebral
a substance such as a vitamin, protein, fat, etc. that is essential for good health and growth

nutriente, substância nutritiva
any organism that can cause diseases

patógeno, agente patogênico
to develop from a simple form to a more complex or sophisticated one over an extended period

evoluir, desenvolver-se
the process of taming wild animals and developing them into pets or livestock through selective breeding and husbandry

domesticação, amansamento
related to the heart and blood vessels

cardiovascular
(genetics) a basic unit of heredity and a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is located on a chromosome in a cell and controls a particular quality

gene, unidade genética
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