剑桥英语:CAE(C1高级) - 生物学、遗传学与生命过程

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剑桥英语:CAE(C1高级)
nucleus [名词]
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细胞核

Ex: The nucleus is surrounded by a double membrane called the nuclear envelope , which controls the passage of materials into and out of the nucleus .

细胞核被一层称为核膜的双层膜包围,控制物质进出细胞核。

metabolism [名词]
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新陈代谢

Ex: Regular exercise can boost metabolism , helping to burn calories more efficiently .

定期锻炼可以促进新陈代谢,帮助更有效地燃烧卡路里。

evolutionary [形容词]
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进化的

Ex: Evolutionary theory explains how species adapt to changing environments through natural selection .

进化理论解释了物种如何通过自然选择适应不断变化的环境。

evolution [名词]
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进化

Ex:

基因突变在推动种群内的进化变化中起着重要作用。

genome [名词]
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基因组

Ex: Sequencing the genome of different organisms helps scientists understand their evolutionary relationships and genetic diversity .

对不同生物的基因组进行测序有助于科学家了解它们的进化关系和遗传多样性。

mutation [名词]
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突变

Ex: Scientists are studying the mutation responsible for giving certain plants drought resistance .

科学家正在研究赋予某些植物抗旱性的突变

embryo [名词]
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胚胎

Ex: The ultrasound showed the tiny heartbeat of the embryo , indicating a healthy early stage of pregnancy .

超声波显示了胚胎的微小心跳,表明怀孕早期阶段健康。

hybrid [名词]
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杂交种

Ex: The botanist was excited to see the results of his experiment , a hybrid that featured the vibrant colors of one flower and the resilience of another .

植物学家兴奋地看到了他的实验结果,一个杂交品种,它具有一朵花的鲜艳色彩和另一朵花的韧性。

clone [名词]
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克隆

Ex: Each clone of the plant cells was carefully monitored to ensure they grew into healthy , identical specimens .

植物细胞的每个克隆都被仔细监测,以确保它们成长为健康、相同的样本。

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繁殖

Ex: Plants reproduce through seeds , allowing new plants to grow .

植物通过种子繁殖,让新植物得以生长。

stimulus [名词]
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刺激

Ex: In a lab experiment , the researchers applied a visual stimulus to study participants to observe and measure their neurological responses .

在实验室实验中,研究人员向研究参与者施加了视觉刺激,以观察和测量他们的神经反应。

synthesis [名词]
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合成

Ex:

光合作用是植物将阳光、二氧化碳和水转化为葡萄糖和氧气的过程。

bloom [名词]
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开花

Ex: Gardeners plan outdoor weddings to coincide with the cherry tree bloom .

园丁们计划户外婚礼以与樱桃树的开花期相吻合。

life cycle [名词]
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生命周期

Ex: She studied the life cycle of frogs for her biology class .

她为生物课研究了青蛙的生命周期

to wilt [动词]
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枯萎

Ex: Without proper care , the lettuce in the garden began to wilt under the intense summer heat .

没有适当的照料,花园里的生菜在炎热的夏日下开始枯萎

lifespan [名词]
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寿命

Ex: She studies the lifespan of different species in her research .

她在研究中研究不同物种的寿命

to inherit [动词]
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继承

Ex: The child inherited a predisposition to allergies from both sides of the family .

这个孩子从家族双方继承了过敏的倾向。

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妊娠期

Ex: Elephant mothers undergo one of the longest gestation periods in mammals nearly 22 months .

大象母亲经历哺乳动物中最长的妊娠期之一 — 近22个月。

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血管

Ex: High blood pressure can cause strain on the blood vessels , leading to potential health issues .

高血压可能会导致血管紧张,从而引发潜在的健康问题。

bloodstream [名词]
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血流

Ex: Researchers have discovered that microplastics can cross cell membranes and end up in the bloodstream .

研究人员发现,微塑料可以穿过细胞膜并最终进入血液

cell [名词]
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细胞

Ex: The study of cells , known as cell biology or cytology , delves into their structure , function , and interactions .

细胞的研究,被称为细胞生物学或细胞学,深入探讨它们的结构、功能和相互作用。

cellular [形容词]
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细胞的

Ex: Microscopes allow scientists to observe cellular structures in detail .

显微镜使科学家能够详细观察细胞结构。

cortex [名词]
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皮质

Ex:

位于额叶的前额叶皮层在决策、冲动控制和社会行为中起着关键作用。

nutrient [名词]
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营养素

Ex: Vitamin C is an important nutrient for boosting the immune system .

维生素C是增强免疫系统的重要营养素

pathogen [名词]
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病原体

Ex: Vaccines are designed to protect against specific pathogens by stimulating the immune system to recognize and fight them .

疫苗旨在通过刺激免疫系统识别和对抗特定的病原体来提供保护。

to evolve [动词]
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进化

Ex: The Internet has evolved from a basic communication tool to a complex network of information .

互联网已经从基本的通信工具发展成为一个复杂的信息网络。

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驯化

Ex: The domestication of cattle provided early societies with a reliable source of milk , meat , and draft power .

牛的驯化为早期社会提供了可靠的奶、肉和牵引力来源。

cardiovascular [形容词]
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心血管的

Ex:

心血管系统,也称为循环系统,负责将血液输送到全身,为组织和器官提供氧气和营养物质。

gene [名词]
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基因

Ex: Scientists study the genes to understand how diseases are passed down .

科学家研究基因以了解疾病是如何遗传的。