Cambridge English: CAE (C1 Advanced) - Maladies, blessures et conditions spécifiques

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to discharge

[verbe]

(of a wound or body part) to slowly release an infectious liquid, called pus

sécréter, suinter

Ex: The wound care team regularly cleaned and dressed the wound to minimize the risk of it discharging pus .L'équipe de soins des plaies nettoyait et pansait régulièrement la plaie pour minimiser le risque qu'elle **décharge** du pus.

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dumb

[Adjectif]

unable to speak

muet

Ex: In historical contexts , the term "dumb" was often used to describe individuals with speech impairments or those who could not speak for various reasons .Dans des contextes historiques, le terme **"muet"** était souvent utilisé pour décrire des personnes ayant des troubles de la parole ou celles qui ne pouvaient pas parler pour diverses raisons.

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deaf

[Adjectif]

partly or completely unable to hear

sourd

Ex: He learned to lip-read to better understand conversations as he grew increasingly deaf.Il a appris à lire sur les lèvres pour mieux comprendre les conversations alors qu'il devenait de plus en plus **sourd**.

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terminally

[Adverbe]

in a manner that denotes an illness or condition that is incurable and expected to result in death

de manière terminale, en phase terminale

Ex: Clinical notes recorded that the disease had progressed to a terminally fatal stage .Les notes cliniques ont enregistré que la maladie avait progressé vers un stade **terminalement** fatal.

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blister

[nom]

a swollen area on the skin filled with liquid, caused by constant rubbing or by burning

ampoule, cloque

Ex: In severe cases , large or infected blisters may require medical attention to prevent complications and promote healing .Dans les cas graves, les grosses **ampoules** ou celles qui sont infectées peuvent nécessiter une attention médicale pour éviter des complications et favoriser la guérison.

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to dislocate

[verbe]

to suddenly cause a bone to move out of its normal position

se démettre, se déboîter, se luxer

Ex: The wrestler dislocated his elbow during the match .Le lutteur s'est **désarticulé** le coude pendant le match.

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to fracture

[verbe]

to sustain a break or crack in a bone

$fracturer, se fracturer$

fracturer, se fracturer

Ex: The child's shin bone fractured while playing on the playground.L'os tibia de l'enfant s'est **fracturé** en jouant sur le terrain de jeu.

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to infect

[verbe]

to transmit a disease to a person, animal, or plant

infecter, contaminer

Ex: If proper precautions are not taken , the virus will likely infect more individuals .Si les précautions nécessaires ne sont pas prises, le virus **infectera** probablement plus de personnes.

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relief

[nom]

a feeling of comfort that comes when something annoying or upsetting is gone

soulagement

Ex: She experienced great relief when the missing pet was found .Elle a ressenti un grand **soulagement** lorsque l'animal perdu a été retrouvé.

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to sprain

[verbe]

(of a ligament) to be suddenly twisted, which results in much pain

se fouler, se faire une entorse à

Ex: He sprains his leg easily because of his weak joints .Il se **foule** facilement la jambe à cause de ses articulations faibles.

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swelling

[nom]

an area of one's body that has become unusually larger, caused by an injury or sickness

enflure, gonflement

Ex: In some cases , swelling can be managed with over-the-counter medications like ibuprofen , which help reduce inflammation and pain .Dans certains cas, le **gonflement** peut être géré avec des médicaments en vente libre comme l'ibuprofène, qui aident à réduire l'inflammation et la douleur.

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under the weather

[Phrase]

feeling unwell or slightly ill

pas dans son assiette

Ex: I've been under the weather all week with a cold.

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repetitive strain injury

[nom]

damage to muscles, tendons, or other soft tissues that develops over time from repetitive movements, prolonged overuse, or sustained awkward posture during work or daily activities

trouble musculo-squelettique

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to hiccup

[verbe]

to make a sudden, involuntary sound caused by a spasm of the diaphragm, often as a result of eating or drinking too quickly

hoqueter, avoir le hoquet

Ex: He was embarrassed when he hiccupped while meeting his boss .Il était embarrassé quand il a **hoqueté** en rencontrant son patron.

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color blindness

[nom]

a condition where a person has trouble seeing certain colors or distinguishing between them

daltonisme, déficience visuelle aux couleurs

Ex: People with color blindness may use special glasses to help them see colors better .Les personnes atteintes de **daltonisme** peuvent utiliser des lunettes spéciales pour mieux voir les couleurs.

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to choke

[verbe]

to block the throat, hinder breathing and cause suffocation

étrangler, suffoquer

Ex: In a dangerous situation , the officer quickly choked the armed suspect to prevent further harm .Dans une situation dangereuse, l'officier a rapidement **étranglé** le suspect armé pour éviter d'autres dommages.

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insomnia

[nom]

a disorder in which one is unable to sleep or stay asleep

insomnie

Ex: Despite feeling exhausted , his insomnia made it impossible for him to get a good night 's rest .Malgré une sensation d'épuisement, son **insomnie** lui a rendu impossible de passer une bonne nuit de repos.

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high blood pressure

[nom]

a chronic condition in which the force of blood against arterial walls is persistently elevated, increasing risk of heart disease, stroke, and other complications

hypertension artérielle, hypertension

Ex: Many people with high blood pressure feel fine , which is why screening is important .De nombreuses personnes souffrant d'**hypertension artérielle** se sentent bien, c'est pourquoi le dépistage est important.

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obesity

[nom]

the condition of having such a high amount of body fat that it becomes very dangerous for one's health

obésité

Ex: Addressing obesity requires a multifaceted approach that includes promoting healthy eating habits , regular physical activity , and community-wide initiatives .Aborder **l'obésité** nécessite une approche multidimensionnelle qui inclut la promotion d'habitudes alimentaires saines, une activité physique régulière et des initiatives à l'échelle de la communauté.

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to wear out

[verbe]

to make someone tired because of strain or stress

épuiser, fatiguer

Ex: Don't wear yourself out by working too many hours without breaks.Ne vous **épuisez** pas en travaillant trop d'heures sans pauses.

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malaria

[nom]

a potentially fatal disease normally transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito

malaria

Ex: The outbreak of malaria in the village prompted a swift response from medical teams .L'épidémie de **paludisme** dans le village a provoqué une réponse rapide des équipes médicales.

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to pinch

[verbe]

to cause discomfort or distress

pincer, serrer

Ex: The sharp criticism from her boss pinched her self-esteem .La vive critique de son patron a **pincé** son estime de soi.

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to tingle

[verbe]

to make a part of the body feel a bit ticklish or have a slight, unusual sensation

picoter, fourmiller

Ex: Last night , the cool breeze tingled my face during the walk .Hier soir, la brise fraîche **picotait** mon visage pendant la promenade.

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agony

[nom]

severe physical or mental pain

torture

Ex: Patients with severe burns often experience excruciating agony during treatment .Les patients atteints de brûlures graves éprouvent souvent une **agonie** atroce pendant le traitement.

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to flag

[verbe]

to lose energy, strength, and enthusiasm

faiblir, fléchir, s’émousser, languir

Ex: Without regular breaks , employees ' productivity tends to flag during long workdays .Sans pauses régulières, la productivité des employés a tendance à **faiblir** pendant les longues journées de travail.

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cavity

[nom]

a hole in a tooth that is caused by decay

carie

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trauma

[nom]

a medical condition of the mind caused by extreme shock, which could last for a very long time

traumatisme

Ex: Witnessing a natural disaster can leave survivors with lasting trauma and fear .Assister à une catastrophe naturelle peut laisser les survivants avec un **traumatisme** durable et de la peur.

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breakdown

[nom]

a condition in which a person becomes so anxious or depressed that they can no longer handle their everyday life

dépression (nerveuse)

Ex: The intense academic pressure during finals week caused several students to suffer breakdowns.La pression académique intense pendant la semaine des examens finaux a causé plusieurs étudiants à souffrir de **dépression nerveuse**.

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amnesia

[nom]

a severe medical condition that leads to partial or complete loss of memory

amnésie

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neurosis

[nom]

a mental condition that is not caused by organic disease in which one is constantly anxious, worried, and stressed

névrose

Ex: Symptoms of neurosis can include persistent feelings of sadness , irritability , and fear , often without a clear or rational cause .Les symptômes de la **névrose** peuvent inclure des sentiments persistants de tristesse, d'irritabilité et de peur, souvent sans cause claire ou rationnelle.

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bundle of nerves

[Phrase]

an extremely anxious or nervous person

Ex: With relaxation techniques, he can manage his anxiety and avoid being a bag of nerves in stressful situations.

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anxiety disorder

[nom]

a group of mental health conditions marked by persistent, excessive fear or worry, that interferes with daily functioning

trouble anxieux, trouble de l'anxiété

Ex: The clinician explained that anxiety disorders often co‑occur with depression and require coordinated treatment .Le clinicien a expliqué que les **troubles anxieux** coexistent souvent avec la dépression et nécessitent un traitement coordonné.

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Cambridge English: CAE (C1 Advanced)

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