Cambridge English: CAE (C1 Advanced) - Illnesses, Injuries & Specific Conditions

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to discharge

[Verb]

(of a wound or body part) to slowly release an infectious liquid, called pus

Ex: The wound care team regularly cleaned and dressed the wound to minimize the risk of it discharging pus .

dumb

[Adjective]

unable to speak

Ex: In historical contexts , the term "dumb" was often used to describe individuals with speech impairments or those who could not speak for various reasons .

deaf

[Adjective]

partly or completely unable to hear

Ex: He learned to lip-read to better understand conversations as he grew increasingly deaf.

terminally

[Adverb]

in a manner that denotes an illness or condition that is incurable and expected to result in death

Ex: Clinical notes recorded that the disease had progressed to a terminally fatal stage .

blister

[noun]

a swollen area on the skin filled with liquid, caused by constant rubbing or by burning

Ex: In severe cases , large or infected blisters may require medical attention to prevent complications and promote healing .

to dislocate

[Verb]

to suddenly cause a bone to move out of its normal position

Ex: The wrestler dislocated his elbow during the match .

to fracture

[Verb]

to sustain a break or crack in a bone

Ex: The child's shin bone fractured while playing on the playground.

to infect

[Verb]

to transmit a disease to a person, animal, or plant

Ex: If proper precautions are not taken , the virus will likely infect more individuals .

relief

[noun]

a feeling of comfort that comes when something annoying or upsetting is gone

Ex: She experienced great relief when the missing pet was found .

to sprain

[Verb]

(of a ligament) to be suddenly twisted, which results in much pain

Ex: He sprains his leg easily because of his weak joints .

swelling

[noun]

an area of one's body that has become unusually larger, caused by an injury or sickness

Ex: In some cases , swelling can be managed with over-the-counter medications like ibuprofen , which help reduce inflammation and pain .

under the weather

[phrase]

feeling unwell or slightly ill

Ex: I've been under the weather all week with a cold.

repetitive strain injury

[noun]

damage to muscles, tendons, or other soft tissues that develops over time from repetitive movements, prolonged overuse, or sustained awkward posture during work or daily activities

to hiccup

[Verb]

to make a sudden, involuntary sound caused by a spasm of the diaphragm, often as a result of eating or drinking too quickly

Ex: He was embarrassed when he hiccupped while meeting his boss .

color blindness

[noun]

a condition where a person has trouble seeing certain colors or distinguishing between them

Ex: People with color blindness may use special glasses to help them see colors better .

to choke

[Verb]

to block the throat, hinder breathing and cause suffocation

Ex: In a dangerous situation , the officer quickly choked the armed suspect to prevent further harm .

insomnia

[noun]

a disorder in which one is unable to sleep or stay asleep

Ex: Despite feeling exhausted , his insomnia made it impossible for him to get a good night 's rest .

high blood pressure

[noun]

a chronic condition in which the force of blood against arterial walls is persistently elevated, increasing risk of heart disease, stroke, and other complications

Ex: Many people with high blood pressure feel fine , which is why screening is important .

obesity

[noun]

the condition of having such a high amount of body fat that it becomes very dangerous for one's health

Ex: Addressing obesity requires a multifaceted approach that includes promoting healthy eating habits , regular physical activity , and community-wide initiatives .

to wear out

[Verb]

to make someone tired because of strain or stress

Ex: Don't wear yourself out by working too many hours without breaks.

malaria

[noun]

a potentially fatal disease normally transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito

Ex: The outbreak of malaria in the village prompted a swift response from medical teams .

to pinch

[Verb]

to cause discomfort or distress

Ex: The sharp criticism from her boss pinched her self-esteem .

to tingle

[Verb]

to make a part of the body feel a bit ticklish or have a slight, unusual sensation

Ex: Last night , the cool breeze tingled my face during the walk .

agony

[noun]

severe physical or mental pain

Ex: Patients with severe burns often experience excruciating agony during treatment .

to flag

[Verb]

to lose energy, strength, and enthusiasm

Ex: Without regular breaks , employees ' productivity tends to flag during long workdays .

cavity

[noun]

a hole in a tooth that is caused by decay

trauma

[noun]

a medical condition of the mind caused by extreme shock, which could last for a very long time

Ex: Witnessing a natural disaster can leave survivors with lasting trauma and fear .

breakdown

[noun]

a condition in which a person becomes so anxious or depressed that they can no longer handle their everyday life

Ex: The intense academic pressure during finals week caused several students to suffer breakdowns.

amnesia

[noun]

a severe medical condition that leads to partial or complete loss of memory

neurosis

[noun]

a mental condition that is not caused by organic disease in which one is constantly anxious, worried, and stressed

Ex: Symptoms of neurosis can include persistent feelings of sadness , irritability , and fear , often without a clear or rational cause .

bundle of nerves

[phrase]

an extremely anxious or nervous person

Ex: With relaxation techniques, he can manage his anxiety and avoid being a bag of nerves in stressful situations.

anxiety disorder

[noun]

a group of mental health conditions marked by persistent, excessive fear or worry, that interferes with daily functioning

Ex: The clinician explained that anxiety disorders often co‑occur with depression and require coordinated treatment .

Cambridge English: CAE (C1 Advanced)

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