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Cambridge English: CAE (C1 Advanced) - 病気、怪我、特定の状態

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Cambridge English: CAE (C1 Advanced)
to discharge
[動詞]

(of a wound or body part) to slowly release an infectious liquid, called pus

膿を出す, 排膿する

膿を出す, 排膿する

Ex: The wound care team regularly cleaned and dressed the wound to minimize the risk of it discharging pus .創傷ケアチームは、創傷が膿を**排出**するリスクを最小限に抑えるために、定期的に創傷を清潔にし、包帯を巻きました。
dumb
[形容詞]

unable to speak

唖の, 聾唖の

唖の, 聾唖の

Ex: In historical contexts , the term "dumb" was often used to describe individuals with speech impairments or those who could not speak for various reasons .歴史的な文脈では、**「唖」**という用語は、言語障害を持つ人々や、さまざまな理由で話すことができない人々を表すためによく使われていました。
deaf
[形容詞]

partly or completely unable to hear

聴覚障害者, 難聴者

聴覚障害者, 難聴者

Ex: He learned to lip-read to better understand conversations as he grew increasingly deaf.彼はますます**聴覚障害者**になっていくにつれて、会話をよりよく理解するために読唇術を学びました。
terminally
[副詞]

in a manner that denotes an illness or condition that is incurable and expected to result in death

終末的に, 末期段階で

終末的に, 末期段階で

Ex: Clinical notes recorded that the disease had progressed to a terminally fatal stage .臨床記録は、病気が**終末的に**致命的な段階に進行したことを記録した。
blister
[名詞]

a swollen area on the skin filled with liquid, caused by constant rubbing or by burning

水ぶくれ, 火ぶくれ

水ぶくれ, 火ぶくれ

Ex: In severe cases , large or infected blisters may require medical attention to prevent complications and promote healing .重症の場合、大きくまたは感染した**水ぶくれ**は、合併症を防ぎ治癒を促進するために医療処置が必要になることがあります。
to dislocate
[動詞]

to suddenly cause a bone to move out of its normal position

脱臼する, 外れる

脱臼する, 外れる

Ex: The wrestler dislocated his elbow during the match .レスラーは試合中に肘を**脱臼**した。
to fracture
[動詞]

to sustain a break or crack in a bone

骨折する, 折れる

骨折する, 折れる

Ex: The child's shin bone fractured while playing on the playground.子供の脛骨が遊び場で遊んでいる間に**骨折した**。
to infect
[動詞]

to transmit a disease to a person, animal, or plant

感染させる, 伝染させる

感染させる, 伝染させる

Ex: If proper precautions are not taken , the virus will likely infect more individuals .適切な予防措置が取られない場合、ウイルスはおそらくより多くの個人に**感染**するでしょう。
relief
[名詞]

a feeling of comfort that comes when something annoying or upsetting is gone

安心, 安堵

安心, 安堵

Ex: She experienced great relief when the missing pet was found .彼女は、行方不明のペットが見つかったとき、大きな**安堵**を感じた。
to sprain
[動詞]

(of a ligament) to be suddenly twisted, which results in much pain

捻る, 挫く

捻る, 挫く

Ex: He sprains his leg easily because of his weak joints .彼は関節が弱いため、簡単に足を**捻挫**します。
swelling
[名詞]

an area of one's body that has become unusually larger, caused by an injury or sickness

腫れ, 浮腫

腫れ, 浮腫

Ex: In some cases , swelling can be managed with over-the-counter medications like ibuprofen , which help reduce inflammation and pain .場合によっては、**腫れ**はイブプロフェンのような市販薬で管理でき、炎症や痛みを軽減するのに役立ちます。

feeling unwell or slightly ill

Ex: I've been under the weather all week with a cold.

damage to muscles, tendons, or other soft tissues that develops over time from repetitive movements, prolonged overuse, or sustained awkward posture during work or daily activities

反復運動過多損傷, 筋骨格系障害

反復運動過多損傷, 筋骨格系障害

to hiccup
[動詞]

to make a sudden, involuntary sound caused by a spasm of the diaphragm, often as a result of eating or drinking too quickly

しゃっくりをする, しゃっくりが止まらない

しゃっくりをする, しゃっくりが止まらない

Ex: He was embarrassed when he hiccupped while meeting his boss .彼は上司に会っている時に**しゃっくり**をして恥ずかしかった。

a condition where a person has trouble seeing certain colors or distinguishing between them

色盲, 色覚異常

色盲, 色覚異常

Ex: People with color blindness may use special glasses to help them see colors better .**色覚異常**のある人は、色をよりよく見るために特別なメガネを使用することがあります。
to choke
[動詞]

to block the throat, hinder breathing and cause suffocation

絞める, 窒息させる

絞める, 窒息させる

Ex: In a dangerous situation , the officer quickly choked the armed suspect to prevent further harm .危険な状況で、警官はさらなる危害を防ぐために武装した容疑者を素早く**絞め**ました。
insomnia
[名詞]

a disorder in which one is unable to sleep or stay asleep

不眠症, 睡眠障害

不眠症, 睡眠障害

Ex: Despite feeling exhausted , his insomnia made it impossible for him to get a good night 's rest .疲れを感じていたにもかかわらず、彼の**不眠症**は良い夜の休息をとることを不可能にした。

a chronic condition in which the force of blood against arterial walls is persistently elevated, increasing risk of heart disease, stroke, and other complications

高血圧, 高血圧症

高血圧, 高血圧症

Ex: Many people with high blood pressure feel fine , which is why screening is important .**高血圧**の多くの人は気分が良いため、スクリーニングが重要です。
obesity
[名詞]

the condition of having such a high amount of body fat that it becomes very dangerous for one's health

肥満, 過体重

肥満, 過体重

Ex: Addressing obesity requires a multifaceted approach that includes promoting healthy eating habits , regular physical activity , and community-wide initiatives .**肥満**に対処するには、健康的な食習慣の促進、定期的な身体活動、コミュニティ全体の取り組みを含む多面的なアプローチが必要です。
to wear out
[動詞]

to make someone tired because of strain or stress

疲れさせる, 消耗させる

疲れさせる, 消耗させる

Ex: Don't wear yourself out by working too many hours without breaks.休憩なしで長時間働いて自分を**疲れさせない**でください。
malaria
[名詞]

a potentially fatal disease normally transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito

マラリア

マラリア

Ex: The outbreak of malaria in the village prompted a swift response from medical teams .村での**マラリア**の発生は、医療チームからの迅速な対応を促しました。
to pinch
[動詞]

to cause discomfort or distress

挟む, 締め付ける

挟む, 締め付ける

Ex: The sharp criticism from her boss pinched her self-esteem .上司からの辛辣な批判は彼女の自尊心を**傷つけた**。
to tingle
[動詞]

to make a part of the body feel a bit ticklish or have a slight, unusual sensation

ちくちくする, ひりひりする

ちくちくする, ひりひりする

Ex: Last night , the cool breeze tingled my face during the walk .昨夜、涼しい風が散歩中に私の顔を**ちくちくさせた**。
agony
[名詞]

severe physical or mental pain

苦痛, 苦悩

苦痛, 苦悩

Ex: Patients with severe burns often experience excruciating agony during treatment .重度のやけどを負った患者は、治療中にしばしば耐え難い**苦痛**を経験します。
to flag
[動詞]

to lose energy, strength, and enthusiasm

弱る, 衰える

弱る, 衰える

Ex: Without regular breaks , employees ' productivity tends to flag during long workdays .定期的な休憩なしでは、従業員の生産性は長い労働日の間に**低下**する傾向があります。
cavity
[名詞]

a hole in a tooth that is caused by decay

空洞, 虫歯

空洞, 虫歯

trauma
[名詞]

a medical condition of the mind caused by extreme shock, which could last for a very long time

トラウマ, 感情的なショック

トラウマ, 感情的なショック

Ex: Witnessing a natural disaster can leave survivors with lasting trauma and fear .自然災害を目撃することは、生存者に長続きする**トラウマ**と恐怖を残す可能性があります。
breakdown
[名詞]

a condition in which a person becomes so anxious or depressed that they can no longer handle their everyday life

神経衰弱, 神経崩壊

神経衰弱, 神経崩壊

Ex: The intense academic pressure during finals week caused several students to suffer breakdowns.期末試験週間の激しい学業的プレッシャーにより、数人の学生が**神経衰弱**に苦しんだ。
amnesia
[名詞]

a severe medical condition that leads to partial or complete loss of memory

健忘症

健忘症

neurosis
[名詞]

a mental condition that is not caused by organic disease in which one is constantly anxious, worried, and stressed

神経症, 神経症的障害

神経症, 神経症的障害

Ex: Symptoms of neurosis can include persistent feelings of sadness , irritability , and fear , often without a clear or rational cause .**神経症**の症状には、しばしば明確または合理的な原因なしに、持続的な悲しみ、イライラ、恐怖の感情が含まれることがあります。

an extremely anxious or nervous person

Ex: With relaxation techniques, he can manage his anxiety and avoid being a bag of nerves in stressful situations.

a group of mental health conditions marked by persistent, excessive fear or worry, that interferes with daily functioning

不安障害, 不安症

不安障害, 不安症

Ex: The clinician explained that anxiety disorders often co‑occur with depression and require coordinated treatment .臨床医は、**不安障害**がしばしばうつ病と併存し、調整された治療を必要とすると説明した。
Cambridge English: CAE (C1 Advanced)
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