Cambridge English : CPE (C2 Proficiency) - Fardeaux et Afflictions

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abominable

[Adjectif]

deserving intense hatred due to its cruelty

abominable, effroyable

Ex: His attempt at cooking resulted in an abominable dish that no one dared to eat .Ils ont découvert des actes **abominables** de maltraitance dans l'établissement.

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cloying

[Adjectif]

excessively sweet to the point of being unpleasant

écœurant, trop sucré

Ex: The dessert was cloying, leaving a sickly sweet taste in his mouth.Le dessert était **écœurant**, laissant un goût doux et maladif dans sa bouche.

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dissonance

[nom]

a state of disagreement between people's opinions, actions, or personalities, often resulting in tension

désaccord, dissension, discorde

Ex: The dissonance between her cheerful tone and the grim news was unsettling .La **dissonance** entre son ton joyeux et la nouvelle sinistre était dérangeante.

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fetid

[Adjectif]

having a strong and unpleasant smell

fétide

Ex: The sewer system malfunctioned , releasing a fetid stench that wafted through the neighborhood .Le système d'égouts a mal fonctionné, libérant une **puanteur** fétide qui a flotté dans le quartier.

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onerous

[Adjectif]

difficult and needing a lot of energy and effort

pénible, lourd

Ex: Studying for the bar exam while working full-time proved to be an onerous challenge for him .Préparer l'examen du barreau tout en travaillant à temps plein s'est avéré être un défi **ardu** pour lui.

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opprobrium

[nom]

public disgrace arising from shameful conduct

opprobre, honte publique

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sordid

[Adjectif]

relating to a disgraceful and corrupted action

sordide

Ex: The documentary exposed the sordid exploitation behind the company 's success .Le documentaire a exposé l'exploitation **sordide** derrière le succès de l'entreprise.

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squalor

[nom]

a state of extreme filth or neglect

saleté, crasse, misère

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stigma

[nom]

a mark of shame attached to a person or condition, often resulting in exclusion or discrimination

marque d'infamie

Ex: Being a convicted felon carries a stigma that makes it difficult to find a job .Elle a surmonté la **stigmatisation** de son passé et a reconstruit sa vie.

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detestable

[Adjectif]

unequivocally deserving of intense dislike or hatred

détestable, exécrable

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malodorous

[Adjectif]

having a strong and unpleasant smell

malodorant, fétide

Ex: The trash heap behind the restaurant became malodorous in the heat , attracting flies and pests .Le tas d'ordures derrière le restaurant est devenu **malodorant** sous la chaleur, attirant mouches et nuisibles.

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putrid

[Adjectif]

breaking down and rotting, typically referring to organic material

putride, pourri

Ex: After days in the sun , the putrid remains of the roadkill were impossible to ignore .Après des jours au soleil, les restes **putrides** de l'animal écrasé étaient impossibles à ignorer.

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unruly

[Adjectif]

refusing to accept authority or comply with control

$indiscipliné, réfractaire$

indiscipliné, réfractaire

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vexing

[Adjectif]

causing irritation, frustration, or distress

agaçant, irritant

Ex: The vexing dilemma of choosing between career and family responsibilities weighed heavily on her mind .Le dilemme **vexant** de choisir entre carrière et responsabilités familiales pesait lourdement sur son esprit.

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maladjusted

[Adjectif]

emotionally unstable and unable to cope with the requirements of a healthy social life

inadapté

Ex: Her maladjusted behavior made it difficult for her to maintain stable relationships .Son comportement **inadapté** rendait difficile pour elle de maintenir des relations stables.

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repugnant

[Adjectif]

extremely unpleasant and disgusting

répugnant

Ex: The repugnant comments made in the discussion revealed deep-seated biases that were hard to ignore .Les commentaires **répugnants** faits lors de la discussion ont révélé des préjugés profondément ancrés qui étaient difficiles à ignorer.

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obloquy

[nom]

a condition of public shame or disgrace brought on by widespread verbal abuse or condemnation

opprobre, infamie

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vexatious

[Adjectif]

causing annoyance or distress

problématique, difficile

Ex: The vexatious paperwork required for the application process was overwhelming .Les documents **vexatoires** requis pour le processus de candidature étaient accablants.

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affliction

[nom]

a state of pain or suffering due to a physical or mental condition

affliction

Ex: The affliction of migraines made it difficult for her to concentrate and disrupted her daily routine .**L'affliction** des migraines a rendu difficile pour elle de se concentrer et a perturbé sa routine quotidienne.

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bane

[nom]

something that causes continual trouble, misery, or destruction

fléau

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exigency

[nom]

an urgent affair to deal with

urgence

Ex: The exigency of the situation forced the team to work overtime to meet the deadline .L'**urgence** de la situation a forcé l'équipe à travailler des heures supplémentaires pour respecter le délai.

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vexation

[nom]

a person or thing that provokes annoyance, frustration, or distress

ennui, contrariété

Ex: The endless paperwork and bureaucracy at the government office were a significant source of vexation.Son ton arrogant était une **vexation** constante pour ses collègues.

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mortifying

[Adjectif]

causing intense embarrassment, shame, or humiliation

humiliant, mortifiant

Ex: She gave a mortifying laugh when she realized everyone had heard her comment.Elle a poussé un rire **humiliant** quand elle a réalisé que tout le monde avait entendu sa remarque.

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hapless

[Adjectif]

unfortunate or unlucky, often experiencing difficulty or misfortune

malchanceux, malheureux

Ex: The hapless employee seemed to always be in the wrong place at the wrong time , facing blame for things beyond his control .L'employé **malchanceux** semblait toujours être au mauvais endroit au mauvais moment, faisant face à des reproches pour des choses hors de son contrôle.

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paroxysm

[nom]

a sudden and uncontrollable outburst or convulsion, often of emotion or action

paroxysme

Ex: The sudden news sent him into a paroxysm of panic , his heart racing and thoughts spinning out of control .La nouvelle soudaine l'a plongé dans un **paroxysme** de panique, son cœur battant la chamade et ses pensées tourbillonnant hors de contrôle.

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a pretty kettle of fish

[Phrase]

a troublesome or unpleasant situation

Ex: A storm on the wedding day?That's a pretty kettle of fish.

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behind the eight ball

[Phrase]

in a situation that involves difficulty, particularly one that is worse compared to that of others

Ex: Having to recover from a severe injury put the athlete behind the eight ball in terms of returning to peak performance.

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encumbrance

[nom]

something burdensome or difficult to deal with

charge, fardeau

Ex: The lack of proper equipment in the research lab was a continual encumbrance to her groundbreaking experiments .

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out of one's depth

[Phrase]

in a very nervous or frustrating state of mind in face of a problem or situation one knows very little or nothing about

Ex: He quickly realized he was out of his depth in the legal discussion.

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to leave somebody holding the bag

[Phrase]

to be left in a difficult or embarrassing situation, often without any support or assistance

Ex: The politician tried to shift the blame onto his aides, leaving them holding the bag for the controversial decision.

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arduous

[Adjectif]

requiring a lot of mental effort and hard work

ardu, difficile, laborieux

Ex: The research became an arduous job .La recherche est devenue un travail **ardu**.

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on the carpet

[Adverbe]

severely criticized by someone in authority

sévèrement réprimandé, passer un savon

Ex: He's on the carpet again — third time this month!Il est **sur le tapis** encore une fois — la troisième fois ce mois-ci !

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to travail

[verbe]

to work hard, often under challenging conditions

travailler dur, peiner

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the fat is in the fire

[phrase]

said when an action has inevitable consequences

Ex: When the project's deadline was missed for the third time, the fat was in the fire, and the client threatened to terminate the contract.

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under a cloud of suspicion

[Phrase]

viewed with doubt or mistrust, even if not proven

Ex: The teacher had been under a cloud of suspicion since the cheating incident in the classroom, which led to her suspension.

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exigent

[Adjectif]

requiring immediate action or attention due to urgency

pressant, urgent

Ex: She sent an exigent request for assistance when the system malfunctioned .Elle a envoyé une demande **urgente** d'assistance lorsque le système a dysfonctionné.

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Hobson's choice

[nom]

a choice made in a situation in which no other options were available

ne pas avoir d'autre choix

Ex: The professor gave students a Hobson's choice for the final project: complete an extensive research paper or receive a failing grade.Le professeur a donné aux étudiants un **choix de Hobson** pour le projet final : rédiger un document de recherche approfondi ou obtenir une note d'échec.

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sword of damocles

[nom]

a constant and looming threat of harm or disaster, especially one that could strike at any moment, often hanging over someone in a position of power or responsibility

épée de Damoclès, menace constante et imminente

Ex: The risk of injury is the sword of Damocles for every professional athlete .Le risque de blessure est l'**épée de Damoclès** pour chaque athlète professionnel.

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vicissitude

[nom]

a change, often unexpected, in one's situation or fortune

vicissitudes

Ex: We must navigate the vicissitudes of fortune with resilience and adaptability , embracing both the highs and lows as part of our journey .La vie de l'artiste était pleine de **vicissitudes**, de la célébrité à l'obscurité.

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to pay the piper

[Phrase]

to face the consequences of one's behavior or actions

Ex: In the end, he had to pay the piper for his procrastination, facing the stress of last-minute work.

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ramification

[nom]

an unexpected event that makes a situation more complex

ramification

Ex: The discovery of a security breach had immediate ramifications, prompting the company to enhance its cybersecurity measures .La découverte d'une faille de sécurité a eu des **ramifications** immédiates, incitant l'entreprise à renforcer ses mesures de cybersécurité.

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to make bricks without straw

[Phrase]

to be forced to do a difficult or impossible task without the necessary resources

Ex: As a manager, I know that it's important to provide my team with the tools and resources they need to succeed.You cannot make bricks without straw.

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Cambridge English : CPE (C2 Proficiency)

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