Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency) - Fardos e Aflições

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abominable

[adjetivo]

deserving intense hatred due to its cruelty

abominável, execrável

Ex: His attempt at cooking resulted in an abominable dish that no one dared to eat .Eles descobriram atos **abomináveis** de abuso na instalação.

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cloying

[adjetivo]

excessively sweet to the point of being unpleasant

enjoado, excessivamente doce

Ex: The dessert was cloying, leaving a sickly sweet taste in his mouth.A sobremesa era **enjoada**, deixando um gosto doce enjoativo na boca.

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dissonance

[substantivo]

a state of disagreement between people's opinions, actions, or personalities, often resulting in tension

dissonância, discordância

Ex: The dissonance between her cheerful tone and the grim news was unsettling .A **dissonância** entre o tom alegre dela e a notícia sombria era perturbadora.

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fetid

[adjetivo]

having a strong and unpleasant smell

fétido, malcheiroso

Ex: The sewer system malfunctioned , releasing a fetid stench that wafted through the neighborhood .O sistema de esgoto apresentou defeito, liberando um **fedorento** odor que se espalhou pelo bairro.

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onerous

[adjetivo]

difficult and needing a lot of energy and effort

oneroso, penoso

Ex: Studying for the bar exam while working full-time proved to be an onerous challenge for him .Estudar para o exame da ordem enquanto trabalhava em tempo integral provou ser um desafio **árduo** para ele.

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opprobrium

[substantivo]

public disgrace arising from shameful conduct

opróbrio, desonra pública

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sordid

[adjetivo]

relating to a disgraceful and corrupted action

sórdido, ignóbil

Ex: The documentary exposed the sordid exploitation behind the company 's success .O documentário expôs a exploração **sórdida** por trás do sucesso da empresa.

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squalor

[substantivo]

a state of extreme filth or neglect

sujeira, miséria

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stigma

[substantivo]

a mark of shame attached to a person or condition, often resulting in exclusion or discrimination

estigma, vergonha

Ex: Being a convicted felon carries a stigma that makes it difficult to find a job .Ela superou o **estigma** de seu passado e reconstruiu sua vida.

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detestable

[adjetivo]

unequivocally deserving of intense dislike or hatred

detestável, execrável

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malodorous

[adjetivo]

having a strong and unpleasant smell

malcheiroso, fétido

Ex: The trash heap behind the restaurant became malodorous in the heat , attracting flies and pests .O monte de lixo atrás do restaurante ficou **malcheiroso** no calor, atraindo moscas e pragas.

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putrid

[adjetivo]

breaking down and rotting, typically referring to organic material

pútrido, podre

Ex: After days in the sun , the putrid remains of the roadkill were impossible to ignore .Depois de dias ao sol, os restos **pútridos** do animal atropelado eram impossíveis de ignorar.

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unruly

[adjetivo]

refusing to accept authority or comply with control

indisciplinado, rebelde

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vexing

[adjetivo]

causing irritation, frustration, or distress

irritante, frustrante

Ex: The vexing dilemma of choosing between career and family responsibilities weighed heavily on her mind .O dilema **irritante** de escolher entre carreira e responsabilidades familiares pesava muito em sua mente.

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maladjusted

[adjetivo]

emotionally unstable and unable to cope with the requirements of a healthy social life

desajustado, inadaptado

Ex: Her maladjusted behavior made it difficult for her to maintain stable relationships .Seu comportamento **desajustado** dificultava para ela manter relacionamentos estáveis.

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repugnant

[adjetivo]

extremely unpleasant and disgusting

repugnante, nojento

Ex: The repugnant comments made in the discussion revealed deep-seated biases that were hard to ignore .Os comentários **repugnantes** feitos na discussão revelaram preconceitos profundos que eram difíceis de ignorar.

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obloquy

[substantivo]

a condition of public shame or disgrace brought on by widespread verbal abuse or condemnation

opróbrio, infâmia

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vexatious

[adjetivo]

causing annoyance or distress

vexatório, irritante

Ex: The vexatious paperwork required for the application process was overwhelming .A papelada **vexatória** necessária para o processo de inscrição foi esmagadora.

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affliction

[substantivo]

a state of pain or suffering due to a physical or mental condition

aflição, sofrimento

Ex: The affliction of migraines made it difficult for her to concentrate and disrupted her daily routine .**O sofrimento** das enxaquecas tornou difícil para ela se concentrar e perturbou sua rotina diária.

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bane

[substantivo]

something that causes continual trouble, misery, or destruction

flagelo, maldição

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exigency

[substantivo]

an urgent affair to deal with

emergência, necessidade urgente

Ex: The exigency of the situation forced the team to work overtime to meet the deadline .A **urgência** da situação forçou a equipe a trabalhar horas extras para cumprir o prazo.

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vexation

[substantivo]

a person or thing that provokes annoyance, frustration, or distress

aborrecimento, irritação

Ex: The endless paperwork and bureaucracy at the government office were a significant source of vexation.Seu tom arrogante era uma **vexação** constante para seus colegas de trabalho.

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mortifying

[adjetivo]

causing intense embarrassment, shame, or humiliation

humilhante, vexatório

Ex: She gave a mortifying laugh when she realized everyone had heard her comment.Ela deu uma risada **constrangedora** quando percebeu que todos tinham ouvido seu comentário.

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hapless

[adjetivo]

unfortunate or unlucky, often experiencing difficulty or misfortune

azarado, infeliz

Ex: The hapless employee seemed to always be in the wrong place at the wrong time , facing blame for things beyond his control .O empregado **azarado** parecia estar sempre no lugar errado na hora errada, enfrentando culpa por coisas além do seu controle.

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paroxysm

[substantivo]

a sudden and uncontrollable outburst or convulsion, often of emotion or action

paroxismo, ataque

Ex: The sudden news sent him into a paroxysm of panic , his heart racing and thoughts spinning out of control .A notícia repentina o lançou em um **paroxismo** de pânico, seu coração acelerado e pensamentos girando fora de controle.

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a pretty kettle of fish

[frase]

a troublesome or unpleasant situation

Ex: A storm on the wedding day?That's a pretty kettle of fish.

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behind the eight ball

[frase]

in a situation that involves difficulty, particularly one that is worse compared to that of others

Ex: Having to recover from a severe injury put the athlete behind the eight ball in terms of returning to peak performance.

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encumbrance

[substantivo]

something burdensome or difficult to deal with

Ex: The lack of proper equipment in the research lab was a continual encumbrance to her groundbreaking experiments .

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out of one's depth

[frase]

in a very nervous or frustrating state of mind in face of a problem or situation one knows very little or nothing about

Ex: He quickly realized he was out of his depth in the legal discussion.

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to leave somebody holding the bag

[frase]

to be left in a difficult or embarrassing situation, often without any support or assistance

Ex: The politician tried to shift the blame onto his aides, leaving them holding the bag for the controversial decision.

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arduous

[adjetivo]

requiring a lot of mental effort and hard work

árduo, laborioso

Ex: The research became an arduous job .A pesquisa tornou-se um trabalho **árduo**.

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on the carpet

[advérbio]

severely criticized by someone in authority

severamente repreendido, ser chamado ao tapete

Ex: He's on the carpet again — third time this month!Ele está **no tapete** de novo — terceira vez este mês!

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to travail

[verbo]

to work hard, often under challenging conditions

trabalhar arduamente, esforçar-se

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the fat is in the fire

[Sentença]

said when an action has inevitable consequences

Ex: When the project's deadline was missed for the third time, the fat was in the fire, and the client threatened to terminate the contract.

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under a cloud of suspicion

[frase]

viewed with doubt or mistrust, even if not proven

Ex: The teacher had been under a cloud of suspicion since the cheating incident in the classroom, which led to her suspension.

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exigent

[adjetivo]

requiring immediate action or attention due to urgency

urgente, premente

Ex: She sent an exigent request for assistance when the system malfunctioned .Ela enviou um pedido **urgente** de ajuda quando o sistema apresentou falha.

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Hobson's choice

[substantivo]

a choice made in a situation in which no other options were available

a escolha de Hobson, a alternativa de Hobson

Ex: The professor gave students a Hobson's choice for the final project: complete an extensive research paper or receive a failing grade.O professor deu aos alunos uma **escolha de Hobson** para o projeto final: completar um extenso trabalho de pesquisa ou receber uma nota reprovativa.

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sword of damocles

[substantivo]

a constant and looming threat of harm or disaster, especially one that could strike at any moment, often hanging over someone in a position of power or responsibility

espada de Dâmocles, ameaça constante e iminente

Ex: The risk of injury is the sword of Damocles for every professional athlete .O risco de lesão é a **espada de Dâmocles** para cada atleta profissional.

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vicissitude

[substantivo]

a change, often unexpected, in one's situation or fortune

vicissitude, mudança

Ex: We must navigate the vicissitudes of fortune with resilience and adaptability , embracing both the highs and lows as part of our journey .A vida do artista estava cheia de **vicissitudes**, da fama ao anonimato.

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to pay the piper

[frase]

to face the consequences of one's behavior or actions

Ex: In the end, he had to pay the piper for his procrastination, facing the stress of last-minute work.

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ramification

[substantivo]

an unexpected event that makes a situation more complex

ramificação, consequência inesperada

Ex: The discovery of a security breach had immediate ramifications, prompting the company to enhance its cybersecurity measures .A descoberta de uma violação de segurança teve **ramificações** imediatas, levando a empresa a reforçar suas medidas de segurança cibernética.

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to make bricks without straw

[frase]

to be forced to do a difficult or impossible task without the necessary resources

Ex: As a manager, I know that it's important to provide my team with the tools and resources they need to succeed.You cannot make bricks without straw.

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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency)

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