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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency) - Ciężary i Udręki

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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency)
abominable
abominable
[przymiotnik]

deserving intense hatred due to its cruelty

ohydny, wstrętny

ohydny, wstrętny

Ex: The dictator's abominable crimes shocked the world. 
cloying
cloying
[przymiotnik]

excessively sweet to the point of being unpleasant

przesłodzony, mdły

przesłodzony, mdły

Ex: She couldn't finish the cloying candy. 
dissonance
dissonance
[Rzeczownik]

a state of disagreement between people's opinions, actions, or personalities, often resulting in tension

dysonans, niezgodność

dysonans, niezgodność

Ex: There was clear dissonance between the manager's words and his actions. 
fetid
fetid
[przymiotnik]

having a strong and unpleasant smell

cuchnący, śmierdzący

cuchnący, śmierdzący

Ex: The garbage dump emitted a fetid stench, making the air unpleasant for anyone in the vicinity. 
onerous
onerous
[przymiotnik]

difficult and needing a lot of energy and effort

uciążliwy, obciążający

uciążliwy, obciążający

Ex: The new regulations placed on businesses by the government were onerous, requiring extensive paperwork and compliance measures. 
opprobrium
opprobrium
[Rzeczownik]

public disgrace arising from shameful conduct

hańba, publiczna niesława

hańba, publiczna niesława

Ex: The opprobrium of the corruption scandal followed him long after he left office. 
sordid
sordid
[przymiotnik]

relating to a disgraceful and corrupted action

plugawy, nikczemny

plugawy, nikczemny

Ex: The newspaper reported on the sordid dealings of the corrupt officials. 
squalor
squalor
[Rzeczownik]

a state of extreme filth or neglect

brud, nędza

brud, nędza

Ex: The refugees were forced to live in squalor, with no access to clean water. 
stigma
stigma
[Rzeczownik]

a mark of shame attached to a person or condition, often resulting in exclusion or discrimination

stygmat, hańba

stygmat, hańba

Ex: Mental illness still carries a stigma in many communities. 
detestable
detestable
[przymiotnik]

unequivocally deserving of intense dislike or hatred

ohydny, wstrętny

ohydny, wstrętny

Ex: The dictator's detestable cruelty shocked the international community. 
malodorous
malodorous
[przymiotnik]

having a strong and unpleasant smell

cuchnący, śmierdzący

cuchnący, śmierdzący

Ex: The neglected garbage bin emitted a malodorous stench, indicating the need for immediate disposal. 
putrid
putrid
[przymiotnik]

breaking down and rotting, typically referring to organic material

zgniły, rozkładający się

zgniły, rozkładający się

Ex: She disposed of the putrid leftovers from the refrigerator. 
unruly
unruly
[przymiotnik]

refusing to accept authority or comply with control

nieposłuszny, niesforny

nieposłuszny, niesforny

Ex: The captain dealt firmly with the ship's unruly crew. 
vexing
vexing
[przymiotnik]

causing irritation, frustration, or distress

irytujący, denerwujący

irytujący, denerwujący

Ex: The vexing issue of constant software glitches made the new application frustrating for users. 
maladjusted
maladjusted
[przymiotnik]

emotionally unstable and unable to cope with the requirements of a healthy social life

nieprzystosowany, niewyrównany

nieprzystosowany, niewyrównany

Ex: The maladjusted student struggled to fit in with his peers at school. 
repugnant
repugnant
[przymiotnik]

extremely unpleasant and disgusting

odrażający, wstrętny

odrażający, wstrętny

Ex: The very thought of cruelty to animals is repugnant to me. 
obloquy
obloquy
[Rzeczownik]

a condition of public shame or disgrace brought on by widespread verbal abuse or condemnation

hańba, infamia

hańba, infamia

Ex: The collapse of the bridge left the construction firm in lasting obloquy. 
vexatious
vexatious
[przymiotnik]

causing annoyance or distress

dokuczliwy, irytujący

dokuczliwy, irytujący

Ex: The vexatious customer continued to make unreasonable demands, causing a headache for the customer service representative. 
affliction
affliction
[Rzeczownik]

a state of pain or suffering due to a physical or mental condition

cierpienie, udręka

cierpienie, udręka

Ex: His spiritual beliefs helped him find solace in the face of his terminal illness affliction. 
bane
bane
[Rzeczownik]

something that causes continual trouble, misery, or destruction

zmora, przekleństwo

zmora, przekleństwo

Ex: His arrogance was the bane of his leadership. 
exigency
exigency
[Rzeczownik]

an urgent affair to deal with

nagłość,  pilna sprawa

nagłość, pilna sprawa

Ex: The company’s financial exigency requires immediate action to avoid bankruptcy. 
vexation
vexation
[Rzeczownik]

a person or thing that provokes annoyance, frustration, or distress

irytacja, utrapienie

irytacja, utrapienie

Ex: The buzzing mosquito was a minor vexation during the hike. 
mortifying
mortifying
[przymiotnik]

causing intense embarrassment, shame, or humiliation

upokarzający, haniebny

upokarzający, haniebny

Ex: Forgetting her lines on stage was a mortifying experience. 
hapless
hapless
[przymiotnik]

unfortunate or unlucky, often experiencing difficulty or misfortune

nieszczęśliwy, pechowy

nieszczęśliwy, pechowy

Ex: The hapless traveler lost his wallet and missed his flight, adding to his already troubled journey. 
paroxysm
paroxysm
[Rzeczownik]

a sudden and uncontrollable outburst or convulsion, often of emotion or action

paroksyzm, atak

paroksyzm, atak

Ex: He was overcome by a paroxysm of laughter, unable to control his amusement at the comedian's jokes. 
a pretty kettle of fish

a troublesome or unpleasant situation

Ex: Well, this is a pretty kettle of fish—we've locked ourselves out. 
behind the eight ball

in a situation that involves difficulty, particularly one that is worse compared to that of others

w trudnej sytuacji, pod kreską

w trudnej sytuacji, pod kreską

Ex: The missed payments put the company behind the eight ball. 
encumbrance
encumbrance
[Rzeczownik]

something burdensome or difficult to deal with

ciężar, przeszkoda

ciężar, przeszkoda

Ex: The project carried the encumbrance of strict deadlines. 
out of {one's} depth

in a very nervous or frustrating state of mind in face of a problem or situation one knows very little or nothing about

ponad siły, przerastający kogoś

ponad siły, przerastający kogoś

Ex: After the first week in the new role, I felt completely out of my depth. 
to [leave] {sb} holding the bag

to be left in a difficult or embarrassing situation, often without any support or assistance

zostawić z problemem, zwalić kłopot na kogoś

zostawić z problemem, zwalić kłopot na kogoś

Ex: The manager quit suddenly and left us holding the bag. 
arduous
arduous
[przymiotnik]

requiring a lot of mental effort and hard work

żmudny, wyczerpujący

żmudny, wyczerpujący

Ex: Writing a novel can be an arduous process, requiring long hours of focused concentration and creativity. 
on the carpet
on the carpet
[przysłówek]

severely criticized by someone in authority

surowo skarcony, być wezwanym na dywan

surowo skarcony, być wezwanym na dywan

Ex: She was called on the carpet for missing the deadline. 
to travail
to travail
[Czasownik]

to work hard, often under challenging conditions

ciężko pracować, możyć się

ciężko pracować, możyć się

Ex: The farmers travailed from dawn until dusk to bring in the harvest. 
the fat [is] in the fire

said when an action has inevitable consequences

stało się, jest już za późno

stało się, jest już za późno

Ex: Once the email went to the whole company, the fat was in the fire. 
under a cloud of suspicion

viewed with doubt or mistrust, even if not proven

w cieniu podejrzeń, pod znakiem podejrzeń

w cieniu podejrzeń, pod znakiem podejrzeń

Ex: He left the company under a cloud of suspicion. 
exigent
exigent
[przymiotnik]

requiring immediate action or attention due to urgency

pilny, naglący

pilny, naglący

Ex: The exigent circumstances forced the team to act quickly. 
Hobson's choice
Hobson's choice
[Rzeczownik]

a choice made in a situation in which no other options were available

wybór z konieczności, brak realnego wyboru

wybór z konieczności, brak realnego wyboru

Ex: Accepting the pay cut was a Hobson's choice; the only alternative was losing his job. 
sword of damocles
sword of damocles
[Rzeczownik]

a constant and looming threat of harm or disaster, especially one that could strike at any moment, often hanging over someone in a position of power or responsibility

miecz Damoklesa, stałe i wiszące zagrożenie

miecz Damoklesa, stałe i wiszące zagrożenie

Ex: The threat of bankruptcy hung over the company like a sword of Damocles. 
vicissitude
vicissitude
[Rzeczownik]

a change, often unexpected, in one's situation or fortune

zmienność, wahanie

zmienność, wahanie

Ex: He endured the vicissitudes of a career in politics. 
to [pay] the piper

to face the consequences of one's behavior or actions

ponieść konsekwencje, zapłacić za swoje czyny

ponieść konsekwencje, zapłacić za swoje czyny

Ex: If you want quality work, you have to pay the piper for the expertise. 
ramification
ramification
[Rzeczownik]

an unexpected event that makes a situation more complex

rozgałęzienie, nieprzewidziana konsekwencja

rozgałęzienie, nieprzewidziana konsekwencja

Ex: Changing the schedule had unforeseen ramifications, causing confusion among team members. 
to [make] bricks without straw

to be forced to do a difficult or impossible task without the necessary resources

Ex: Trying to launch a startup with no funding is like making bricks without straw. 
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