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Vocabulaire Avancé pour le TOEFL - Préférence, Obligation et Permission

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais sur la préférence, l'obligation et la permission, tels que "tabou", "licitement", etc., qui sont nécessaires pour l'examen TOEFL.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
to lean towards

to favor something, especially an opinion

pencher pour

pencher pour

Ex: The upcoming election is expected to lean heavily toward the incumbent party.

Les prochaines élections devraient penchent fortement vers le parti au pouvoir.

to mandate
to mandate
[verbe]

to make something obligatory

demander, réclamer

demander, réclamer

Ex: The city council mandated that buildings be equipped with fire alarms .

Le conseil municipal a mandaté que les bâtiments soient équipés d'alarmes incendie.

to stipulate

to specify that something needs to be done or how it should be done, especially as part of an agreement

stipuler

stipuler

Ex: Before signing the lease , it 's crucial to carefully read and understand the terms stipulated by the landlord .

Avant de signer le bail, il est crucial de lire attentivement et de comprendre les termes stipulés par le propriétaire.

authorization

an official approval or consent for an action to be carried out

autorisation

autorisation

Ex: The bank denied authorization for the large transaction .

La banque a refusé l'autorisation pour la grosse transaction.

admissibility

the validity or acceptability of something, especially as legal evidence

admissibilité

admissibilité

discretion

the power or freedom of making decisions in a particular situation

discrétion

discrétion

Ex: Many argued that too much discretion in law enforcement can lead to inconsistent outcomes .

Beaucoup ont soutenu que trop de discrétion dans l'application de la loi peut conduire à des résultats incohérents.

dispensation

the privilege of being officially released from an obligation, law, or something that is usually prohibited

dispense, dérogation

dispense, dérogation

Ex: During the emergency , the governor issued a dispensation to bypass certain legal requirements .

Pendant l'urgence, le gouverneur a émis une dispense pour contourner certaines exigences légales.

embargo
embargo
[nom]

an official order according to which any commercial activity with a particular country is banned

embargo

embargo

immunity

an official exemption that is granted to someone, especially from legal proceedings

exonération, immunité, exemption

exonération, immunité, exemption

inclination

one's natural desire and feeling to take a specific action or act in a particular manner

propension, tendance

propension, tendance

injunction

a strong directive or order from an authority

injonction

injonction

Ex: The parent issued an injunction to their children to tidy up their rooms before bedtime .

Le parent a émis une injonction à leurs enfants pour ranger leurs chambres avant le coucher.

leaning
leaning
[nom]

a tendency to believe in or favor something

tendance, penchant

tendance, penchant

Ex: The judge 's legal leanings were reflected in her court rulings .

Les inclinaisons juridiques du juge se reflétaient dans ses décisions de justice.

legitimacy

the quality of being acceptable by the law

légitimité

légitimité

predilection

a strong liking for something

prédilection

prédilection

prerequisite

something that is required as a precondition for something else following

prérequis

prérequis

Ex: Completing the introductory course is a prerequisite for enrolling in advanced classes .

Terminer le cours d'introduction est un prérequis pour s'inscrire aux cours avancés.

propensity

a natural inclination to behave in a certain way or exhibit particular characteristics

propension, inclination

propension, inclination

Ex: His propensity for punctuality earned him a reputation as a reliable employee .

Sa propension à la ponctualité lui a valu une réputation d'employé fiable.

prudence

the quality of being careful and avoiding risks

prudence, circonspection

prudence, circonspection

sanction

formal and official approval or authorization

permission, approbation

permission, approbation

Ex: The experiment proceeded with sanction from the committee .

L'expérience a procédé avec l'approbation du comité.

taboo
taboo
[nom]

a topic, term, or action that is forbidden or avoided for religious or cultural reasons

tabou

tabou

Ex: The act of showing affection in public is a taboo in some countries .

Le fait de montrer de l'affection en public est un tabou dans certains pays.

binding
binding
[Adjectif]

legally required to be followed and cannot be avoided

qui engage, qui lie

qui engage, qui lie

Ex: The terms and conditions outlined in the user agreement are binding upon acceptance.

Les termes et conditions énoncés dans l'accord utilisateur sont contraignants dès leur acceptation.

coercive
coercive
[Adjectif]

using force or threat to persuade people to do something that they are reluctant to do

coercitif

coercitif

Ex: The coercive influence of peer pressure compelled him to engage in risky behavior .

L'influence coercitive de la pression des pairs l'a contraint à adopter un comportement risqué.

compelling
compelling
[Adjectif]

persuasive in a way that captures attention or convinces effectively

irréfutable, convaincant

irréfutable, convaincant

Ex: His compelling argument changed many opinions in the room .

Son argument convaincant a changé de nombreuses opinions dans la pièce.

copacetic
copacetic
[Adjectif]

extremely good or satisfactory

excellent, parfait, impeccable

excellent, parfait, impeccable

exempt
exempt
[Adjectif]

(of a person) not subject to an obligation, duty, or liability that applies to others

exempt

exempt

Ex: Certain religious groups may be exempt from military service .

Certains groupes religieux peuvent être exemptés du service militaire.

illegitimate
illegitimate
[Adjectif]

not allowed by the law

illégitime, illégal, interdit

illégitime, illégal, interdit

imperative
imperative
[Adjectif]

having great importance and requiring immediate attention or action

impératif

impératif

Ex: Regular maintenance is imperative to keep machinery running smoothly .

Une maintenance régulière est impérative pour maintenir le bon fonctionnement des machines.

licitly
licitly
[Adverbe]

in a manner that is acceptable by the law

licitement

licitement

Ex: Licitly operating a business requires following all government regulations .

Licite exploitation d'une entreprise nécessite de suivre toutes les réglementations gouvernementales.

statutory
statutory
[Adjectif]

according to or allowed by law

statutaire

statutaire

Ex: Tax deductions are subject to statutory limits set forth in the Internal Revenue Code .

Les déductions fiscales sont soumises à des limites légales énoncées dans le Code des impôts.

stringent
stringent
[Adjectif]

(of a law, regulation, rule, etc.) extremely limiting and strict

strict, rigoureux

strict, rigoureux

Ex: The environmental group pushed for more stringent laws to protect endangered species .

Le groupe environnemental a plaidé pour des lois plus strictes pour protéger les espèces menacées.

unlawful
unlawful
[Adjectif]

not permitted by or conforming to the law or regulations

illégal, illicite

illégal, illicite

Ex: The court ruled that the search conducted without a warrant was unlawful.

Le tribunal a statué que la fouille effectuée sans mandat était illégale.

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