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Advanced Vocabulary for TOEFL - Preference, Obligation, and Permission

Here you will learn some English words about preference, obligation, and permission, such as "taboo", "licitly", etc. that are needed for the TOEFL exam.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
to lean towards

to favor something, especially an opinion

Ex: The upcoming election is expected to lean heavily toward the incumbent party.
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to mandate

to make something obligatory

Ex: The city council mandated that buildings be equipped with fire alarms .
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to stipulate

to specify that something needs to be done or how it should be done, especially as part of an agreement

Ex: Before signing the lease , it 's crucial to carefully read and understand the terms stipulated by the landlord .
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authorization

an official approval or consent for an action to be carried out

Ex: The bank denied authorization for the large transaction .
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admissibility

the validity or acceptability of something, especially as legal evidence

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discretion

the power or freedom of making decisions in a particular situation

Ex: Many argued that too much discretion in law enforcement can lead to inconsistent outcomes .
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dispensation

the privilege of being officially released from an obligation, law, or something that is usually prohibited

Ex: During the emergency , the governor issued a dispensation to bypass certain legal requirements .
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embargo
embargo
[noun]

an official order according to which any commercial activity with a particular country is banned

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immunity
immunity
[noun]

an official exemption that is granted to someone, especially from legal proceedings

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inclination

one's natural desire and feeling to take a specific action or act in a particular manner

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injunction

a strong directive or order from an authority

Ex: The parent issued an injunction to their children to tidy up their rooms before bedtime .
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leaning
leaning
[noun]

a tendency to believe in or favor something

Ex: The judge 's legal leanings were reflected in her court rulings .
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legitimacy

the quality of being acceptable by the law

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predilection

a strong liking for something

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prerequisite

something that is required as a precondition for something else following

Ex: Completing the introductory course is a prerequisite for enrolling in advanced classes .
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propensity

a natural inclination to behave in a certain way or exhibit particular characteristics

Ex: His propensity for punctuality earned him a reputation as a reliable employee .
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prudence
prudence
[noun]

the quality of being careful and avoiding risks

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sanction
sanction
[noun]

formal and official approval or authorization

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taboo
taboo
[noun]

a topic, term, or action that is forbidden or avoided for religious or cultural reasons

Ex: The act of showing affection in public is a taboo in some countries .
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binding
binding
[Adjective]

legally required to be followed and cannot be avoided

Ex: The terms and conditions outlined in the user agreement are binding upon acceptance.
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coercive
coercive
[Adjective]

using force or threat to persuade people to do something that they are reluctant to do

Ex: The coercive influence of peer pressure compelled him to engage in risky behavior .
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compelling
compelling
[Adjective]

persuasive in a way that captures attention or convinces effectively

Ex: His compelling argument changed many opinions in the room .
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copacetic
copacetic
[Adjective]

extremely good or satisfactory

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exempt
exempt
[Adjective]

(of a person) not subject to an obligation, duty, or liability that applies to others

Ex: Certain religious groups may be exempt from military service .
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illegitimate
illegitimate
[Adjective]

not allowed by the law

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imperative
imperative
[Adjective]

having great importance and requiring immediate attention or action

Ex: Regular maintenance is imperative to keep machinery running smoothly .
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licitly
licitly
[Adverb]

in a manner that is acceptable by the law

Ex: Licitly operating a business requires following all government regulations .
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statutory
statutory
[Adjective]

according to or allowed by law

Ex: Tax deductions are subject to statutory limits set forth in the Internal Revenue Code .
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stringent
stringent
[Adjective]

(of a law, regulation, rule, etc.) extremely limiting and strict

Ex: The environmental group pushed for more stringent laws to protect endangered species .
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unlawful
unlawful
[Adjective]

not permitted by or conforming to the law or regulations

Ex: The court ruled that the search conducted without a warrant was unlawful.
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