Advanced Vocabulary for TOEFL - Preference, Obligation, and Permission

Here you will learn some English words about preference, obligation, and permission, such as "taboo", "licitly", etc. that are needed for the TOEFL exam.

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to lean towards [verb]

to favor something, especially an opinion

Ex: I was always leaning towards a career in science .

to mandate [verb]

to make something obligatory

Ex: The government mandated that all employees wear masks in public spaces .

to stipulate [verb]

to specify that something needs to be done or how it should be done, especially as part of an agreement

Ex: The employment contract stipulates the number of hours the employee is expected to work each week .

authorization [noun]

an official approval or consent for an action to be carried out

Ex: The team lacked the necessary authorization to modify the database .

admissibility [noun]

the validity or acceptability of something, especially as legal evidence

discretion [noun]

the power or freedom of making decisions in a particular situation

Ex: If you use your discretion wisely , you can avoid unnecessary conflicts .

dispensation [noun]

the privilege of being officially released from an obligation, law, or something that is usually prohibited

Ex: The university issued a dispensation allowing the student to submit late assignments .

embargo [noun]

an official order according to which any commercial activity with a particular country is banned

immunity [noun]

an official exemption that is granted to someone, especially from legal proceedings

inclination [noun]

one's natural desire and feeling to take a specific action or act in a particular manner

injunction [noun]

a strong directive or order from an authority

Ex: The principal issued an injunction against bullying behavior in the school .

leaning [noun]

a tendency to believe in or favor something

Ex: The professor 's academic leanings are towards environmental science .

legitimacy [noun]

the quality of being acceptable by the law

predilection [noun]

a strong liking for something

prerequisite [noun]

something that is required as a precondition for something else following

Ex: Basic computer skills are a prerequisite for the job application .

propensity [noun]

a natural inclination to behave in a certain way or exhibit particular characteristics

Ex: The child showed a propensity for music at a very young age .

prudence [noun]

the quality of being careful and avoiding risks

sanction [noun]

formal and official approval or authorization

Ex:

taboo [noun]

a topic, term, or action that is forbidden or avoided for religious or cultural reasons

Ex: Eating pork is a taboo in some religious communities .

binding [adjective]

legally required to be followed and cannot be avoided

Ex:

coercive [adjective]

using force or threat to persuade people to do something that they are reluctant to do

Ex: The coercive measures taken by the government restricted freedom of speech .

compelling [adjective]

persuasive in a way that captures attention or convinces effectively

Ex: His artwork is visually compelling , drawing viewers in with its vibrant colors and bold shapes .

copacetic [adjective]

extremely good or satisfactory

exempt [adjective]

(of a person) not subject to an obligation, duty, or liability that applies to others

Ex: Certain employees are exempt from overtime requirements .

illegitimate [adjective]

not allowed by the law

imperative [adjective]

having great importance and requiring immediate attention or action

Ex: Following safety protocols is imperative to prevent accidents in the workplace .

licitly [adverb]

in a manner that is acceptable by the law

Ex: The artwork was licitly acquired from a reputable gallery .

statutory [adjective]

according to or allowed by law

Ex: Employers must adhere to statutory requirements regarding minimum wage and working hours .

stringent [adjective]

(of a law, regulation, rule, etc.) extremely limiting and strict

Ex: They had to comply with stringent safety standards on the construction site .

unlawful [adjective]

not permitted by or conforming to the law or regulations

Ex: Discrimination in the workplace based on race or gender is unlawful .

Advanced Vocabulary for TOEFL
Human Anatomy	Biology	Engineering and Electronics	Architecture
Mathematics and Measurement	The Computer World	Physics and Chemistry	Experimentation
Time and Space	History	Physical Appearance	The Fashion World
Language and Grammar	Communication	Transportation	Art
Literature and Writing	The Entertainment Industry	News and Journalism	Education
Feelings and Emotions	Advice and Decision	Personal Characteristics	Shapes
The Animal Kingdom	Food and Restaurant	Healthcare and Medicine	Physical Conditions and Injuries
Mental Health and Disorders	Politics	Religion	Hatred or Affection
The Law	Doubt and Certainty	Crime and Punishment	Society
Social Problems	Argumentation	Persuasion and Agreement	Preference, Obligation, and Permission
Sports	Shopping	Money and Business	Professional Life and Occupations
Natural Phenomena and Environment	Farming and Vegetation	I Think, Therefore I Am!