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Vocabulario Avanzado para el TOEFL - Preferencia, Obligación y Permiso

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre la preferencia, la obligación y el permiso, como "taboo", "licitly", etc. que se necesitan para el examen TOEFL.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL

to favor something, especially an opinion

inclinarse por

inclinarse por

Ex: The upcoming election is expected to lean heavily toward the incumbent party.
to mandate
[Verbo]

to make something obligatory

mandatar

mandatar

Ex: The city council mandated that buildings be equipped with fire alarms .El consejo municipal **ordenó** que los edificios estén equipados con alarmas de incendio.

to specify that something needs to be done or how it should be done, especially as part of an agreement

estipular, especificar

estipular, especificar

Ex: Before signing the lease , it 's crucial to carefully read and understand the terms stipulated by the landlord .Antes de firmar el contrato de arrendamiento, es crucial leer detenidamente y comprender los términos **estipulados** por el propietario.
authorization
[Sustantivo]

an official approval or consent for an action to be carried out

autorización

autorización

Ex: The bank denied authorization for the large transaction .El banco denegó la **autorización** para la gran transacción.
admissibility
[Sustantivo]

the validity or acceptability of something, especially as legal evidence

admisibilidad

admisibilidad

discretion
[Sustantivo]

the power or freedom of making decisions in a particular situation

discreción

discreción

Ex: Many argued that too much discretion in law enforcement can lead to inconsistent outcomes .Muchos argumentaron que demasiada **discreción** en la aplicación de la ley puede llevar a resultados inconsistentes.
dispensation
[Sustantivo]

the privilege of being officially released from an obligation, law, or something that is usually prohibited

exención

exención

Ex: During the emergency , the governor issued a dispensation to bypass certain legal requirements .Durante la emergencia, el gobernador emitió una **dispensa** para eludir ciertos requisitos legales.
embargo
[Sustantivo]

an official order according to which any commercial activity with a particular country is banned

embargo

embargo

immunity
[Sustantivo]

an official exemption that is granted to someone, especially from legal proceedings

inmunidad

inmunidad

inclination
[Sustantivo]

one's natural desire and feeling to take a specific action or act in a particular manner

inclinación

inclinación

injunction
[Sustantivo]

a strong directive or order from an authority

orden

orden

Ex: The parent issued an injunction to their children to tidy up their rooms before bedtime .El padre emitió una **orden judicial** a sus hijos para que ordenaran sus habitaciones antes de acostarse.
leaning
[Sustantivo]

a tendency to believe in or favor something

inclinación, tendencia

inclinación, tendencia

Ex: The judge 's legal leanings were reflected in her court rulings .Las **inclinaciones** legales del juez se reflejaban en sus fallos judiciales.
legitimacy
[Sustantivo]

the quality of being acceptable by the law

legitimidad

legitimidad

predilection
[Sustantivo]

a strong liking for something

preferencia

preferencia

prerequisite
[Sustantivo]

something that is required as a precondition for something else following

requisito indispensable, condición previa

requisito indispensable, condición previa

Ex: Completing the introductory course is a prerequisite for enrolling in advanced classes .Completar el curso introductorio es un **requisito previo** para inscribirse en clases avanzadas.
propensity
[Sustantivo]

a natural inclination to behave in a certain way or exhibit particular characteristics

propensión

propensión

Ex: His propensity for punctuality earned him a reputation as a reliable employee .Su **propensión** a la puntualidad le valió una reputación como empleado confiable.
prudence
[Sustantivo]

the quality of being careful and avoiding risks

prudencia

prudencia

sanction
[Sustantivo]

official approval or permission for something

sanción, autorización

sanción, autorización

taboo
[Sustantivo]

a topic, term, or action that is forbidden or avoided for religious or cultural reasons

tabú

tabú

Ex: The act of showing affection in public is a taboo in some countries .El acto de mostrar afecto en público es un **tabú** en algunos países.
binding
[Adjetivo]

legally required to be followed and cannot be avoided

vinculante, obligatorio

vinculante, obligatorio

Ex: The terms and conditions outlined in the user agreement are binding upon acceptance.Los términos y condiciones establecidos en el acuerdo de usuario son **vinculantes** tras su aceptación.
coercive
[Adjetivo]

using force or threat to persuade people to do something that they are reluctant to do

coactivo

coactivo

Ex: The coercive influence of peer pressure compelled him to engage in risky behavior .La influencia **coercitiva** de la presión de grupo lo llevó a involucrarse en comportamientos riesgosos.
compelling
[Adjetivo]

persuasive in a way that captures attention or convinces effectively

convincente

convincente

Ex: His compelling argument changed many opinions in the room .Su argumento **convincente** cambió muchas opiniones en la sala.
copacetic
[Adjetivo]

extremely good or satisfactory

excelente

excelente

exempt
[Adjetivo]

not obligated to something like a tax or duty that others must do

eximido, libre

eximido, libre

Ex: Certain religious groups may be exempt from military service .Ciertos grupos religiosos pueden estar **exentos** del servicio militar.
illegitimate
[Adjetivo]

not allowed by the law

ilegítimo

ilegítimo

imperative
[Adjetivo]

having great importance and requiring immediate attention or action

imperativo

imperativo

Ex: Regular maintenance is imperative to keep machinery running smoothly .El mantenimiento regular es **imperativo** para mantener la maquinaria funcionando sin problemas.
licitly
[Adverbio]

in a manner that is acceptable by the law

lícitamente

lícitamente

Ex: Licitly operating a business requires following all government regulations .Operar un negocio **lícitamente** requiere seguir todas las regulaciones gubernamentales.
statutory
[Adjetivo]

according to or allowed by law

estatutario, reglamentario

estatutario, reglamentario

Ex: Tax deductions are subject to statutory limits set forth in the Internal Revenue Code .Las deducciones fiscales están sujetas a límites **legales** establecidos en el Código de Rentas Internas.
stringent
[Adjetivo]

(of a law, regulation, rule, etc.) extremely limiting and strict

riguroso, estricto

riguroso, estricto

Ex: The environmental group pushed for more stringent laws to protect endangered species .El grupo ambiental presionó para que se implementen leyes más **estrictas** para proteger las especies en peligro de extinción.
unlawful
[Adjetivo]

not permitted by or conforming to the law or regulations

ilegal, ilícito

ilegal, ilícito

Ex: The court ruled that the search conducted without a warrant was unlawful.El tribunal dictaminó que el registro realizado sin una orden era **ilegal**.
Vocabulario Avanzado para el TOEFL
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