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Vocabulario Avanzado para el TOEFL - Preferencia, Obligación y Permiso

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre la preferencia, la obligación y el permiso, como "taboo", "licitly", etc. que se necesitan para el examen TOEFL.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
to lean towards

to favor something, especially an opinion

inclinarse por

inclinarse por

Ex: The upcoming election is expected to lean heavily toward the incumbent party.Se espera que las próximas elecciones **se inclinen fuertemente hacia** el partido en el poder.
to mandate
to mandate
[Verbo]

to make something obligatory

mandatar

mandatar

Ex: The city council mandated that buildings be equipped with fire alarms .El consejo municipal **ordenó** que los edificios estén equipados con alarmas de incendio.
to stipulate

to specify that something needs to be done or how it should be done, especially as part of an agreement

estipular, especificar

estipular, especificar

Ex: Before signing the lease , it 's crucial to carefully read and understand the terms stipulated by the landlord .Antes de firmar el contrato de arrendamiento, es crucial leer detenidamente y comprender los términos **estipulados** por el propietario.
authorization
authorization
[Sustantivo]

an official approval or consent for an action to be carried out

autorización

autorización

Ex: The bank denied authorization for the large transaction .El banco denegó la **autorización** para la gran transacción.
admissibility
admissibility
[Sustantivo]

the validity or acceptability of something, especially as legal evidence

admisibilidad

admisibilidad

discretion
discretion
[Sustantivo]

the power or freedom of making decisions in a particular situation

discreción

discreción

Ex: Many argued that too much discretion in law enforcement can lead to inconsistent outcomes .Muchos argumentaron que demasiada **discreción** en la aplicación de la ley puede llevar a resultados inconsistentes.
dispensation
dispensation
[Sustantivo]

the privilege of being officially released from an obligation, law, or something that is usually prohibited

exención

exención

Ex: During the emergency , the governor issued a dispensation to bypass certain legal requirements .Durante la emergencia, el gobernador emitió una **dispensa** para eludir ciertos requisitos legales.
embargo
embargo
[Sustantivo]

an official order according to which any commercial activity with a particular country is banned

embargo

embargo

immunity
immunity
[Sustantivo]

an official exemption that is granted to someone, especially from legal proceedings

inmunidad

inmunidad

inclination
inclination
[Sustantivo]

one's natural desire and feeling to take a specific action or act in a particular manner

inclinación

inclinación

injunction
injunction
[Sustantivo]

a strong directive or order from an authority

orden

orden

Ex: The parent issued an injunction to their children to tidy up their rooms before bedtime .El padre emitió una **orden judicial** a sus hijos para que ordenaran sus habitaciones antes de acostarse.
leaning
leaning
[Sustantivo]

a tendency to believe in or favor something

inclinación, tendencia

inclinación, tendencia

Ex: The judge 's legal leanings were reflected in her court rulings .Las **inclinaciones** legales del juez se reflejaban en sus fallos judiciales.
legitimacy
legitimacy
[Sustantivo]

the quality of being acceptable by the law

legitimidad

legitimidad

predilection
predilection
[Sustantivo]

a strong liking for something

preferencia

preferencia

prerequisite
prerequisite
[Sustantivo]

something that is required as a precondition for something else following

requisito indispensable, condición previa

requisito indispensable, condición previa

Ex: Completing the introductory course is a prerequisite for enrolling in advanced classes .Completar el curso introductorio es un **requisito previo** para inscribirse en clases avanzadas.
propensity
propensity
[Sustantivo]

a natural inclination to behave in a certain way or exhibit particular characteristics

propensión

propensión

Ex: His propensity for punctuality earned him a reputation as a reliable employee .Su **propensión** a la puntualidad le valió una reputación como empleado confiable.
prudence
prudence
[Sustantivo]

the quality of being careful and avoiding risks

prudencia

prudencia

sanction
sanction
[Sustantivo]

formal and official approval or authorization

autorización

autorización

taboo
taboo
[Sustantivo]

a topic, term, or action that is forbidden or avoided for religious or cultural reasons

tabú

tabú

Ex: The act of showing affection in public is a taboo in some countries .El acto de mostrar afecto en público es un **tabú** en algunos países.
binding
binding
[Adjetivo]

legally required to be followed and cannot be avoided

vinculante, obligatorio

vinculante, obligatorio

Ex: The terms and conditions outlined in the user agreement are binding upon acceptance.Los términos y condiciones establecidos en el acuerdo de usuario son **vinculantes** tras su aceptación.
coercive
coercive
[Adjetivo]

using force or threat to persuade people to do something that they are reluctant to do

coactivo

coactivo

Ex: The coercive influence of peer pressure compelled him to engage in risky behavior .La influencia **coercitiva** de la presión de grupo lo llevó a involucrarse en comportamientos riesgosos.
compelling
compelling
[Adjetivo]

persuasive in a way that captures attention or convinces effectively

convincente

convincente

Ex: His compelling argument changed many opinions in the room .Su argumento **convincente** cambió muchas opiniones en la sala.
copacetic
copacetic
[Adjetivo]

extremely good or satisfactory

excelente

excelente

exempt
exempt
[Adjetivo]

(of a person) not subject to an obligation, duty, or liability that applies to others

eximido, libre

eximido, libre

Ex: Certain religious groups may be exempt from military service .
illegitimate
illegitimate
[Adjetivo]

not allowed by the law

ilegítimo

ilegítimo

imperative
imperative
[Adjetivo]

having great importance and requiring immediate attention or action

imperativo

imperativo

Ex: Regular maintenance is imperative to keep machinery running smoothly .El mantenimiento regular es **imperativo** para mantener la maquinaria funcionando sin problemas.
licitly
licitly
[Adverbio]

in a manner that is acceptable by the law

lícitamente

lícitamente

Ex: Licitly operating a business requires following all government regulations .Operar un negocio **lícitamente** requiere seguir todas las regulaciones gubernamentales.
statutory
statutory
[Adjetivo]

according to or allowed by law

estatutario, reglamentario

estatutario, reglamentario

Ex: Tax deductions are subject to statutory limits set forth in the Internal Revenue Code .Las deducciones fiscales están sujetas a límites **legales** establecidos en el Código de Rentas Internas.
stringent
stringent
[Adjetivo]

(of a law, regulation, rule, etc.) extremely limiting and strict

riguroso, estricto

riguroso, estricto

Ex: The environmental group pushed for more stringent laws to protect endangered species .El grupo ambiental presionó para que se implementen leyes más **estrictas** para proteger las especies en peligro de extinción.
unlawful
unlawful
[Adjetivo]

not permitted by or conforming to the law or regulations

ilegal, ilícito

ilegal, ilícito

Ex: The court ruled that the search conducted without a warrant was unlawful.El tribunal dictaminó que el registro realizado sin una orden era **ilegal**.
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