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Vocabular Avansat pentru TOEFL - Preferință, Obligație și Permisiune

Aici veți învăța câteva cuvinte în engleză despre preferință, obligație și permisiune, cum ar fi "tabu", "licit" etc., care sunt necesare pentru examenul TOEFL.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
to lean towards

to favor something, especially an opinion

înclina spre, preferă

înclina spre, preferă

Ex: The new evidence seems to lean towards the prosecution's theory. 
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to mandate

to make something obligatory

a face obligatoriu, a ordona

a face obligatoriu, a ordona

Ex: The school has mandated regular vaccinations for all students. 
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to stipulate

to specify that something needs to be done or how it should be done, especially as part of an agreement

stipula, specifica

stipula, specifica

Ex: The contract stipulates that the payment must be made within 30 days of the invoice date. 
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authorization
authorization
[substantiv]

an official approval or consent for an action to be carried out

autorizație

autorizație

Ex: He received authorization to use the patented technology. 
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admissibility
admissibility
[substantiv]

the validity or acceptability of something, especially as legal evidence

admisibilitate, acceptabilitate

admisibilitate, acceptabilitate

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discretion
discretion
[substantiv]

the power or freedom of making decisions in a particular situation

discreție, putere discreționară

discreție, putere discreționară

Ex: The judge used her discretion to grant the defendant a more lenient sentence. 
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dispensation
dispensation
[substantiv]

the privilege of being officially released from an obligation, law, or something that is usually prohibited

dispensa, scutire

dispensa, scutire

Ex: He received a special dispensation from the school to miss the exam due to personal reasons. 
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embargo
embargo
[substantiv]

an official order according to which any commercial activity with a particular country is banned

embargo, interzicere comercială

embargo, interzicere comercială

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immunity
immunity
[substantiv]

an official exemption that is granted to someone, especially from legal proceedings

imunitate

imunitate

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inclination
inclination
[substantiv]

one's natural desire and feeling to take a specific action or act in a particular manner

înclinație, tendință

înclinație, tendință

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injunction
injunction
[substantiv]

a strong directive or order from an authority

injunție, ordin

injunție, ordin

Ex: The teacher issued an injunction to the students to stop running in the hallways. 
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leaning
leaning
[substantiv]

a tendency to believe in or favor something

înclinație, tendință

înclinație, tendință

Ex: She has a strong leaning towards progressive policies. 
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legitimacy
legitimacy
[substantiv]

the quality of being acceptable by the law

legitimitate

legitimitate

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predilection
predilection
[substantiv]

a strong liking for something

predilecție,  înclinație

predilecție, înclinație

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prerequisite
prerequisite
[substantiv]

something that is required as a precondition for something else following

condiție prealabilă, cerință preliminară

condiție prealabilă, cerință preliminară

Ex: A bachelor's degree is a prerequisite for admission to the master's program. 
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propensity
propensity
[substantiv]

a natural inclination to behave in a certain way or exhibit particular characteristics

înclinație, tendință

înclinație, tendință

Ex: He has a propensity for taking risks, which makes him a successful entrepreneur. 
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prudence
prudence
[substantiv]

the quality of being careful and avoiding risks

prudență

prudență

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sanction
sanction
[substantiv]

formal and official approval or authorization

aprobare, autorizare

aprobare, autorizare

Ex: The plan received official sanction from the board. 
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taboo
taboo
[substantiv]

a topic, term, or action that is forbidden or avoided for religious or cultural reasons

tabu, interzicere

tabu, interzicere

Ex: Discussing politics can be a taboo in certain social circles. 
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binding
binding
[adjectiv]

legally required to be followed and cannot be avoided

obligatoriu

obligatoriu

Ex: Signing the lease makes it a binding contract, so you're committed to paying rent for the agreed-upon period. 
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coercive
coercive
[adjectiv]

using force or threat to persuade people to do something that they are reluctant to do

coercitiv, constringent

coercitiv, constringent

Ex: The coercive tactics employed by the dictator silenced dissenting voices. 
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compelling
compelling
[adjectiv]

persuasive in a way that captures attention or convinces effectively

convingător, persuasiv

convingător, persuasiv

Ex: The speaker delivered a compelling argument that persuaded many to change their views. 
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copacetic
copacetic
[adjectiv]

extremely good or satisfactory

excelent, satisfăcător

excelent, satisfăcător

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exempt
exempt
[adjectiv]

(of a person) not subject to an obligation, duty, or liability that applies to others

scutit, exceptat

scutit, exceptat

Ex: Firefighters are exempt from paying parking tickets while on duty. 
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illegitimate
illegitimate
[adjectiv]

not allowed by the law

nelegitim,  ilegal

nelegitim, ilegal

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imperative
imperative
[adjectiv]

having great importance and requiring immediate attention or action

imperativ, urgent

imperativ, urgent

Ex: It is imperative that we address climate change to ensure the well-being of future generations. 
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licitly
licitly
[adverb]

in a manner that is acceptable by the law

licit,  legal

licit, legal

Ex: The company licitly obtained all the necessary permits before starting construction. 
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statutory
statutory
[adjectiv]

according to or allowed by law

legal, statutar

legal, statutar

Ex: The company's actions were found to be in compliance with statutory regulations. 
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stringent
stringent
[adjectiv]

(of a law, regulation, rule, etc.) extremely limiting and strict

strict, riguros

strict, riguros

Ex: The company had stringent rules about employee conduct. 
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unlawful
unlawful
[adjectiv]

not permitted by or conforming to the law or regulations

ilegal, nelegal

ilegal, nelegal

Ex: It's unlawful to trespass on private property without permission. 
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