Vocabulaire Essentiel pour le GRE - Le Crime

the official in charge of a prison or correctional facility, responsible for overseeing the administration, security, and well-being of inmates

directeur de prison, warden

an individual or group of individuals who take the law into their own hands, acting outside the legal system to enforce their version of justice or address perceived wrongs

vigilante, groupe de vigilantes

to enter someone's land or building without permission

pénétrer illégalement dans, pénétrer illégalement dans une propriété privée, pénétrer sans autorisation dans une propriété privé

the act of betraying one's country by rebelling against its government

trahison, haute trahison

proof that indicates a person was somewhere other than the place where a crime took place and therefore could not have committed it

alibi

the use of elements from one culture by another, often without permission

appropriation culturelle, emprunt culturel

the intentional and unlawful physical contact or harm inflicted on another person

voies de fait

to demand funds or another benefit from someone in exchange for not damaging their reputation

faire chanter, faire du chantage à

to produce, distribute, or sell illicit or unauthorized goods

contrebander, fabriquer clandestinement

the killing of a criminal as punishment

peine capitale

the act of stealing something from someone or somewhere

vol, délit de vol

to use deceit in order to deprive someone of their money or other possessions

escroquer

a nonforced sexual intercourse with a person under the age of consent

viol statutaire, rapport sexuel avec mineure

to follow, watch, or pursue someone persistently and often secretly, causing them fear or discomfort

harceler, traquer

the practice of isolating a prisoner in a small, often windowless cell, with minimal human contact or environmental stimulation, as a form of punishment or for security reasons

isolement cellulaire, solitude punitive

the act of violently stealing a car while someone is inside it

vol de voiture avec violence

‌to cooperate secretly or illegally for deceiving other people

être de connivence avec

the act of participating in a crime or wrongdoing along with another person or group

complicité

to officially take away something from someone, usually as punishment

confisquer

goods or items whose importation, exportation, or possession is prohibited by law

marchandises de contrebande, articles de contrebande, objets de contrebande

a false statement damaging a person's reputation

diffamation

to secretly steal money entrusted to one's care, typically by manipulating financial records, for personal use or gain

détourner, malverser

(law) a practice in which government officials persuade someone to commit a crime that one would not have done by choice

piège judiciaire, entrapment

to force someone to live away from their native country, usually due to political reasons or as a punishment

exiler

to send someone accused of a crime to the place where the crime happened or where they are wanted for legal matters

extrader

the criminal act of making a copy of a document, money, etc. to do something illegal

contrefaçon

a temporary release of a convict from prison

congé, permission de sortie

to manipulate someone into questioning their own perceptions, memories, or sanity, often by denying or distorting the truth

manipuler, déstabiliser

a mass murder committed in order to destroy a particular nation, religious or ethnic group, or race

génocide

the act of stealing a property that exceeds a certain value lawfully which is considered a serious crime

grand vol, vol aggravé

a device for beheading, featuring a tall frame with a suspended blade released to swiftly sever the condemned person's head

guillotine

to convince or make someone do something

pousser

to confine someone in prison or a similar facility due to legal reasons or as a form of punishment

incarcérer

to provide evidence or information that suggests a person's involvement in a crime or wrongdoing

incriminer, impliquer

one that secretly provides information about something or someone for the police or investigators

informateur, indicateur

a person who breaks into someone else's property; often with a criminal intention

intrus, cambrioleur

to make some alterations in order to make something that has been obtained illegally, especially money and currency appear legal or acceptable

blanchir

to take someone away and hold them in captivity, typically to demand something for their release

kidnapper, enlever

an action that is considered wrong or unacceptable yet not very serious

délit mineur

a photographic portrait taken by law enforcement agencies of a person who has been arrested, typically taken at the time of booking and used for identification purposes

photo judiciaire, portrait criminel