GRE のための基本語彙 - 時間がないなら犯罪をするな！

the official in charge of a prison or correctional facility, responsible for overseeing the administration, security, and well-being of inmates

刑務所長, ワーデン

an individual or group of individuals who take the law into their own hands, acting outside the legal system to enforce their version of justice or address perceived wrongs

自警団, 自警団体

to enter someone's land or building without permission

無断で入る, 侵入する

the act of betraying one's country by rebelling against its government

裏切り, 国家反逆

proof that indicates a person was somewhere other than the place where a crime took place and therefore could not have committed it

アリバイ

the use of elements from one culture by another, often without permission

文化の盗用, 文化的適応

the intentional and unlawful physical contact or harm inflicted on another person

暴行, 攻撃

to demand funds or another benefit from someone in exchange for not damaging their reputation

恐喝する, ゆする

to produce, distribute, or sell illicit or unauthorized goods

密輸する, 違法に製造する

the killing of a criminal as punishment

死刑, 厳正なる罰

the act of stealing something from someone or somewhere

窃盗, 盗み

to use deceit in order to deprive someone of their money or other possessions

だます, 詐欺を働く

a nonforced sexual intercourse with a person under the age of consent

法定強姦, 同意年齢未満との性行為

to follow, watch, or pursue someone persistently and often secretly, causing them fear or discomfort

ストーカーする, 追跡する

the practice of isolating a prisoner in a small, often windowless cell, with minimal human contact or environmental stimulation, as a form of punishment or for security reasons

単独監禁, 孤独な拘禁

the act of violently stealing a car while someone is inside it

カージャッキング, 車両の強奪

‌to cooperate secretly or illegally for deceiving other people

共謀する, 結託する

the act of participating in a crime or wrongdoing along with another person or group

共謀, 参加

to officially take away something from someone, usually as punishment

押収する, 取り上げる

goods or items whose importation, exportation, or possession is prohibited by law

密輸品, 違法品

a false statement damaging a person's reputation

名誉毀損, 中傷

to secretly steal money entrusted to one's care, typically by manipulating financial records, for personal use or gain

横領する, 着服する

(law) a practice in which government officials persuade someone to commit a crime that one would not have done by choice

誘導, エントラップメント

to force someone to live away from their native country, usually due to political reasons or as a punishment

追放する, 亡命させる

to send someone accused of a crime to the place where the crime happened or where they are wanted for legal matters

引き渡す, 送還する

the criminal act of making a copy of a document, money, etc. to do something illegal

偽造, 贋作

a temporary release of a convict from prison

仮出所, 一時的な釈放

to manipulate someone into questioning their own perceptions, memories, or sanity, often by denying or distorting the truth

操る, 不安定にする

a mass murder committed in order to destroy a particular nation, religious or ethnic group, or race

ジェノサイド

the act of stealing a property that exceeds a certain value lawfully which is considered a serious crime

重大窃盗, 大規模な窃盗

a device for beheading, featuring a tall frame with a suspended blade released to swiftly sever the condemned person's head

ギロチン

to convince or make someone do something

説得する, 促す

to confine someone in prison or a similar facility due to legal reasons or as a form of punishment

投獄する, 監禁する

to provide evidence or information that suggests a person's involvement in a crime or wrongdoing

有罪を示す, 罪を犯したとする

one that secretly provides information about something or someone for the police or investigators

情報提供者, インフォーマント

a person who breaks into someone else's property; often with a criminal intention

侵入者, 泥棒

to make some alterations in order to make something that has been obtained illegally, especially money and currency appear legal or acceptable

マネーロンダリングする, 洗浄する

to take someone away and hold them in captivity, typically to demand something for their release

誘拐する, 拉致する

an action that is considered wrong or unacceptable yet not very serious

軽犯罪, 軽度の違法行為

a photographic portrait taken by law enforcement agencies of a person who has been arrested, typically taken at the time of booking and used for identification purposes

マグショット, 逮捕時の写真