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Compétences Lexicales SAT 2 - Leçon 6

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SAT Word Skills 2
outbreak

the unexpected start of something terrible, such as a disease

épidémie

épidémie

Ex: The outbreak of the virus led to immediate quarantine measures. 

L'épidémie du virus a conduit à des mesures de quarantaine immédiates.

outcry
outcry
[nom]

a loud, sustained noise or shout of disapproval, protest, or outrage

cri

cri

Ex: There was an immediate outcry when the new policy was announced. 

Il y a eu un tollé immédiat lorsque la nouvelle politique a été annoncée.

to outlast
to outlast
[verbe]

to stay alive for a longer period of time than others in a particular situation

survivre

survivre

Ex: Despite the harsh conditions, the old oak tree outlasted all the other trees in the forest. 

Malgré les conditions difficiles, le vieux chêne a survécu à tous les autres arbres de la forêt.

outlaw
outlaw
[nom]

a person who operates outside the boundaries of established rules and may engage in illegal activities

hors-la-loi

hors-la-loi

Ex: Robin Hood is often romanticized as an outlaw who stole from the rich to give to the poor. 

Robin des Bois est souvent romancé comme un hors-la-loi qui volait aux riches pour donner aux pauvres.

outpost
outpost
[nom]

a military camp situated far from the main army of troops

avant-poste

avant-poste

Ex: Established on a remote island, the naval outpost served as a critical base for maritime operations in the region. 

Établi sur une île éloignée, l'avant-poste naval servait de base critique pour les opérations maritimes dans la région.

tyrannical
tyrannical
[Adjectif]

using power or authority in a cruel and oppressive way against other people

tyrannique

tyrannique

Ex: From the earliest days of their reign, the tyrannical leader demonstrated a ruthless and sadistic nature, inflicting unimaginable suffering on their own people. 

Dès les premiers jours de leur règne, le leader tyrannique a démontré une nature impitoyable et sadique, infligeant des souffrances inimaginables à leur propre peuple.

tyranny
tyranny
[nom]

a type of government where a ruler or a small group of people have complete power and control over the citizens, often making decisions without considering their rights or welfare

tyrannie

tyrannie

Ex: Under the oppressive rule of tyranny, the citizens had their basic freedoms stripped away, leaving them in a state of constant fear and oppression. 

Sous le règne oppressif de la tyrannie, les citoyens ont été privés de leurs libertés fondamentales, les laissant dans un état de peur et d'oppression constants.

to exasperate

to deeply irritate someone, especially when they can do nothing about it or solve the problem

exaspérer

exaspérer

Ex: In the peaceful neighborhood, the persistent noise from the neighboring construction site is exasperating residents, who are finding it difficult to get proper rest and relaxation. 

Dans le quartier paisible, le bruit persistant du chantier voisin exaspère les résidents, qui ont du mal à se reposer et à se détendre correctement.

exasperation

a deep sense of annoyance due to persistent difficulties

aggravation

aggravation

Ex: The customer's persistent demands and complaints brought a sense of exasperation to the exhausted store clerk. 

Les demandes et plaintes persistantes du client ont apporté un sentiment d'exaspération au vendeur épuisé.

criteria

the particular characteristics that are considered when evaluating something

critères, normes

critères, normes

Ex: Her criteria for a good vacation include good weather and interesting activities. 
critical
critical
[Adjectif]

providing knowledgeable judgments and opinions about the positive and negative aspects of something

critique

critique

Ex: From a strategic standpoint, the CEO adopted a critical perspective, evaluating market conditions and competitive factors before making important business decisions. 

D'un point de vue stratégique, le PDG a adopté une perspective critique, évaluant les conditions du marché et les facteurs concurrentiels avant de prendre des décisions commerciales importantes.

to critique

to carefully examine something in a detailed manner

faire la critique de, critiquer

faire la critique de, critiquer

Ex: The editor is critiquing the manuscript, offering suggestions for revision and improvement. 

L'éditeur critique le manuscrit, en proposant des suggestions pour la révision et l'amélioration.

patriarch

a powerful or respected man who serves as the head of a family or tribe

patriarche

patriarche

Ex: The respected patriarch of the tribe was revered for his wisdom, and his decisions carried great weight in matters of governance and tradition. 

Le patriarche respecté de la tribu était vénéré pour sa sagesse, et ses décisions avaient un grand poids dans les questions de gouvernance et de tradition.

paternal
paternal
[Adjectif]

having qualities or behaviors typically associated with a father, particularly in a caring, supportive, or protective manner

paternel

paternel

Ex: The father's voice had a soothing, paternal tone as he read bedtime stories to his young daughter. 

La voix du père avait un ton apaisant et paternel alors qu'il lisait des histoires du soir à sa jeune fille.

patrician

a person belonging to the highest social class or aristocracy in certain societies

aristocrate, noble, patricien

aristocrate, noble, patricien

Ex: The patricians of ancient Rome formed an elite class that controlled political affairs and held positions of authority in the Senate. 

Les patriciens de la Rome antique formaient une classe d'élite qui contrôlait les affaires politiques et occupait des postes d'autorité au Sénat.

patrimony

a property passed down from a father to his children by right of birth

patrimoine

patrimoine

Ex: The eldest son inherited the family business as his patrimony, continuing the entrepreneurial legacy. 

Le fils aîné a hérité de l'entreprise familiale comme son patrimoine, perpétuant ainsi l'héritage entrepreneurial.

patriotism

the feeling of love or devotion toward one's country, its values, culture, history, and interests

patriotisme

patriotisme

Ex: Mary's patriotism was evident in her active participation in community service projects aimed at improving her country. 

Le patriotisme de Mary était évident dans sa participation active à des projets de service communautaire visant à améliorer son pays.

patron
patron
[nom]

an individual who regularly visits and uses a specific establishment, such as a shop, restaurant, or other business

client, cliente

client, cliente

Ex: From the moment he walked into the café, the friendly greeting from the barista made him feel like a cherished patron. 

Dès l'instant où il est entré dans le café, l'accueil chaleureux du barista lui a donné l'impression d'être un client privilégié.

to patronize

to speak or behave in a way that implies that one is more knowledgeable, experienced, or intelligent than the other person

traiter avec condescendance

traiter avec condescendance

Ex: She rolled her eyes and made a sarcastic comment, clearly trying to patronize him in front of everyone. 

Elle a roulé des yeux et fait un commentaire sarcastique, essayant clairement de le prendre de haut devant tout le monde.

patronymic
patronymic
[Adjectif]

derived from the name of one's father or a male ancestor

patronyme

patronyme

Ex: He introduced himself with his patronymic middle name rather than his family surname. 

Il s'est présenté avec son deuxième nom patronymique plutôt qu'avec son nom de famille.

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