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SAT 語彙スキル 2 - レッスン6

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SAT Word Skills 2
outbreak
[名詞]

the unexpected start of something terrible, such as a disease

発生, 流行

発生, 流行

Ex: The outbreak of wildfires prompted emergency evacuations across the region .山火事の**発生**により、地域全体で緊急避難が行われました。
outcry
[名詞]

a loud, sustained noise or shout of disapproval, protest, or outrage

叫び, 抗議

叫び, 抗議

Ex: Social media amplified the outcry against the unfair treatment of workers .ソーシャルメディアは、労働者への不当な扱いに対する**抗議の声**を増幅させた。
to outlast
[動詞]

to stay alive for a longer period of time than others in a particular situation

生き残る, より長く耐える

生き残る, より長く耐える

Ex: Despite the rise of digital media , printed books have outlasted predictions of their demise .デジタルメディアの台頭にもかかわらず、印刷された本はその消滅の予測を**上回りました**。
outlaw
[名詞]

a person who operates outside the boundaries of established rules and may engage in illegal activities

無法者, 匪賊

無法者, 匪賊

Ex: In the 1920s , Al Capone gained notoriety as a Chicago-based outlaw involved in organized crime .1920年代、アル・カポネはシカゴを拠点とする組織犯罪に関与した**無法者**として悪名を馳せた。
outpost
[名詞]

a military camp situated far from the main army of troops

前哨, 前哨基地

前哨, 前哨基地

Ex: In the midst of the hostile region , the isolated outpost provided a secure foothold for maintaining control over the area .敵対的な地域の真ん中で、孤立した**前哨基地**は、その地域を支配し続けるための安全な足場を提供した。
tyrannical
[形容詞]

using power or authority in a cruel and oppressive way against other people

暴虐な, 専制的な

暴虐な, 専制的な

Ex: Throughout history , societies have risen up against tyrannical regimes in the pursuit of freedom and equality .歴史を通じて、社会は自由と平等を求めて**暴虐な**政権に対して立ち上がってきました。
tyranny
[名詞]

a type of government where a ruler or a small group of people have complete power and control over the citizens, often making decisions without considering their rights or welfare

専制政治, 暴政

専制政治, 暴政

Ex: Throughout history , humanity has grappled with the destructive force of tyranny, as power-hungry individuals seek to subjugate and control others .歴史を通じて、人類は**専制政治**の破壊的な力と格闘してきました。権力に飢えた個人が他人を征服し、支配しようとする中で。

to deeply irritate someone, especially when they can do nothing about it or solve the problem

いらだたせる, 怒らせる

いらだたせる, 怒らせる

Ex: The never-ending traffic congestion in the city exasperates commuters, leading to increased stress and frustration.都市の終わりのない交通渋滞は通勤者を**いらだたせ**、ストレスと不満を増大させます。
exasperation
[名詞]

a deep sense of annoyance due to persistent difficulties

憤慨

憤慨

Ex: His constant interruptions and disregard for others ' opinions filled her with exasperation.彼の絶え間ない中断と他人の意見に対する無関心は、彼女を**いらだち**で満たした。
criteria
[名詞]

the particular characteristics that are considered when evaluating something

基準, 条件

基準, 条件

Ex: The criteria for this research study include patient age and medical history .この研究の**基準**には、患者の年齢と病歴が含まれます。
critical
[形容詞]

providing knowledgeable judgments and opinions about the positive and negative aspects of something

批判的な, 分析的な

批判的な, 分析的な

Ex: The critical review of the novel praised its character development but criticized its pacing.小説の**批判的**なレビューは、そのキャラクター開発を称賛したが、ペーシングを批判した。
to critique
[動詞]

to carefully examine something in a detailed manner

批評する,  分析する

批評する, 分析する

Ex: Her work has been widely critiqued and analyzed by scholars in the field .
patriarch
[名詞]

a powerful or respected man who serves as the head of a family or tribe

家長, 族長

家長, 族長

Ex: Throughout generations , the eldest son of the family inherited the role of patriarch, carrying on the legacy of his ancestors and upholding their values .世代を通じて、家族の長男は**家長**の役割を継承し、祖先の遺産を引き継ぎ、その価値観を守り続けました。
paternal
[形容詞]

having qualities or behaviors typically associated with a father, particularly in a caring, supportive, or protective manner

父親らしい, 父性的な

父親らしい, 父性的な

Ex: One of the most valuable pieces of paternal advice he received was to prioritize his education and never stop learning .彼が受けた最も貴重な**父親らしい**アドバイスの一つは、教育を優先し、学び続けることでした。
patrician
[名詞]

a person belonging to the highest social class or aristocracy in certain societies

パトリキ, 貴族

パトリキ, 貴族

Ex: In the feudal system , the land was predominantly owned by the patricians, while the peasants worked the fields .封建制度では、土地は主に**貴族**によって所有され、農民が畑で働いていました。
patrimony
[名詞]

a property passed down from a father to his children by right of birth

相続財産, 父の遺産

相続財産, 父の遺産

Ex: Upon his passing , the patriarch divided his financial assets among his children as part of their patrimony.彼の死後、家長はその財政的資産を子供たちの間で**相続財産**として分割した。
patriotism
[名詞]

the feeling of love or devotion toward one's country, its values, culture, history, and interests

愛国心

愛国心

Ex: His deep patriotism was reflected in his commitment to learning and speaking the native language of his homeland , as he believed it was essential to preserve the linguistic heritage and cultural identity of his people .彼の深い**愛国心**は、祖国の母国語を学び、話すという彼の取り組みに反映されていました。彼は、言語的遺産と文化的アイデンティティを保存することが重要だと信じていたからです。
patron
[名詞]

an individual who regularly visits and uses a specific establishment, such as a shop, restaurant, or other business

顧客, 常連客

顧客, 常連客

Ex: One of the restaurant 's most valued patrons, Mr. Johnson , had been dining there every Friday evening for the past decade .
to patronize
[動詞]

to speak or behave in a way that implies that one is more knowledgeable, experienced, or intelligent than the other person

見下す, 保護する

見下す, 保護する

Ex: The salesperson was patronizing the customer , making them feel inferior and inadequate .その販売員は顧客を**見下すような態度で接し**、彼らを劣等感や不足感を感じさせた。
patronymic
[形容詞]

derived from the name of one's father or a male ancestor

父称の, 父親の名前に由来する

父称の, 父親の名前に由来する

Ex: Her patronymic surname traces back to her father 's family line .彼女の**父称**の姓は彼女の父親の家系に遡ります。
SAT 語彙スキル 2
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