Cambridge English: FCE (B2 First) - Law & Crime

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to arrest [verb]

(of law enforcement agencies) to take a person away because they believe that they have done something illegal

Ex: The authorities have the power to arrest those who are caught in the act of committing a crime .

burglar [noun]

someone who illegally enters a place in order to steal something

Ex: The burglar wore a mask to hide his identity as he carefully searched through the drawers for valuables .

cell [noun]

a very small enclosed space in which a prisoner is kept

Ex: The guard checked each cell to ensure all inmates were accounted for .

to charge [verb]

to officially accuse someone of an offense

Ex: The district attorney is considering whether to charge the defendant with assault .

to [commit] a crime [phrase]

to do something that is against the law

Ex: She did not realize she was committing a crime by not paying the fine .

court [noun]

the place in which legal proceedings are conducted

Ex: The court issued a verdict after carefully considering the evidence .

criminal [noun]

a person who does or is involved in an illegal activity

Ex: He became a wanted criminal after escaping from custody .

detective [noun]

a person, especially a police officer, whose job is to investigate and solve crimes and catch criminals

Ex: The detective shared the case findings with his team .

DNA [noun]

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the genetic information, which is present in every cell and some viruses

Ex: DNA carries the information that determines traits like eye color and height .

evidence [noun]

a statement, document, or object that is used in a law court for establishing facts

Ex: The evidence presented in court included surveillance footage that clearly showed the accused committing the robbery .

to fine [verb]

to make someone pay a sum of money as punishment for violation of the law

Ex: The company was fined heavily for violating environmental regulations .

fingerprint [noun]

a mark made by the unique pattern of lines on the tip of a person's finger, can be used to find out who has committed a crime

Ex: The suspect was apprehended after his fingerprints matched those found on the stolen vehicle .

fine [noun]

an amount of money that must be paid as a legal punishment

Ex: The fine for parking in a disabled parking spot without a permit is significant .

forensic [adjective]

related to the use of scientific techniques when trying to know more about a crime

Ex: The forensic lab was still analyzing the hair and fiber samples gathered from the victim 's vehicle .

guilty [adjective]

responsible for an illegal act or wrongdoing

Ex: Even though she was guilty of the offense , she showed remorse and sought redemption .

innocent [adjective]

not having committed a wrongdoing or offense

Ex: The jury found the defendant innocent of all charges due to lack of evidence .

jury [noun]

a group of twelve citizens, who listen to the details of a case in the court of law in order to decide the guiltiness or innocence of a defendant

Ex: The judge instructed the jury to focus solely on the evidence presented during the trial .

to kidnap [verb]

to take someone away and hold them in captivity, typically to demand something for their release

Ex: Parents educate their children about the dangers of strangers who may attempt to kidnap them .

offense [noun]

any act that is against a law

Ex: Committing fraud is a serious offense that can lead to jail time .

penalty [noun]

a punishment given for breaking a rule, law, or legal agreement

Ex: The penalty for not attending the mandatory meeting was a deduction in pay .

pickpocket [noun]

a criminal who steals money or other goods from people's pockets or bags

Ex: Police warned citizens to be cautious of pickpockets in the crowded market .

proof [noun]

information or evidence that proves the truth or existence of something

Ex: The lawyer submitted proof of the defendant 's whereabouts during the crime to strengthen the case .

punishment [noun]

the act of making someone suffer because they have done something illegal or wrong

Ex: The school implemented a new policy of restorative justice , focusing on rehabilitation rather than punishment for student misbehavior .

robbery [noun]

the crime of stealing money or goods from someone or somewhere, especially by violence or threat

Ex:

to sentence [verb]

to officially state the punishment of someone found guilty in a court of law

Ex: The judge carefully considered the evidence before deciding how to sentence the defendant .

to shoplift [verb]

to steal goods from a store by secretly taking them without paying

Ex:

to steal [verb]

to take something from someone or somewhere without permission or paying for it

Ex: The thief has stolen several cars in the past month .

suspect [noun]

someone who is believed to be guilty of an offence

Ex: Two suspects were questioned , but neither had a solid alibi .

suspicious [adjective]

not conforming to the expected or usual pattern, giving rise to doubt or concern

Ex: The dog kept barking at a suspicious shadow by the garden fence .

to [take] {sb/sth} to court [phrase]

to start a legal process against someone or something to resolve a dispute

Ex: The company threatened to take the competitor to court for copyright infringement .

thief [noun]

someone who steals something from a person or place without using violence or threats

Ex: After years of stealing from his coworkers , the thief was finally exposed and fired from his job .

to trace [verb]

to find someone or something, often by following a series of clues or evidence

Ex: They recently traced the hacker 's IP address to a foreign country .

trial [noun]

a legal process where a judge and jury examine evidence in court to decide if the accused is guilty

Ex: After a lengthy trial , the defendant was found guilty and sentenced to ten years in prison .

regulation [noun]

a rule made by the government, an authority, etc. to control or govern something within a particular area

Ex: Building regulations dictate the minimum safety standards for construction projects .

requirement [noun]

an activity or action that must be performed

Ex: The course has a prerequisite requirement of introductory biology .

system [noun]

a procedure or process for obtaining an objective

to forbid [verb]

to not give permission typically through the use of authority, rules, etc.

Ex: The sign on the door forbids entry without proper identification .

Cambridge English: FCE (B2 First)
Managing Amounts, Levels & Availability	Body Parts & Senses	Commerce, Money & Value	Challenges, Skills & Abilities
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