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TOEFL のための上級語彙 - Shopping

ここでは、TOEFL試験に必要な「物々交換」、「無料」、「キオスク」などのショッピングに関する英単語を学びます。

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
to bargain
to bargain
[動詞]

to negotiate the terms of a contract, sale, or similar arrangement for a better agreement, price, etc.

値切る, 交渉する

値切る, 交渉する

Ex: The customers decided to bargain with the vendor to get a better price for the antique furniture. 
to barter
to barter
[動詞]

to exchange goods or services without using money

物々交換, 交換する

物々交換, 交換する

Ex: In the early days, people would barter livestock for essential goods. 
to haggle
to haggle
[動詞]

to negotiate, typically over the price of goods or services

値切る, 交渉する

値切る, 交渉する

Ex: I don’t like to haggle; I prefer paying the price listed. 
to shortchange

to cheat someone by giving back less money than owed

騙す, だます

騙す, だます

Ex: The cashier shortchanged me by a few dollars. 
complimentary
complimentary
[形容詞]

supplied or given for free

無料, サービス

無料, サービス

Ex: The hotel provided complimentary breakfast and Wi-Fi for all its guests. 
exorbitant
exorbitant
[形容詞]

(of prices) unreasonably or extremely high

法外な, 過剰な

法外な, 過剰な

Ex: The exorbitant price of the concert tickets was beyond their budget. 
gratis
gratis
[副詞]

without costing anything

無料で,  タダで

無料で, タダで

Ex: The store offered free samples of their new product gratis to customers. 
denomination
denomination
[名詞]

a unit of value, especially monetary value

単位, 額面価値

単位, 額面価値

markup
markup
[名詞]

the amount added to the price of something to cover overheads and profit

利益率, マークアップ

利益率, マークアップ

Ex: The boutique applied a 50% markup to all its clothing items to cover operational costs and ensure a healthy profit margin. 
spree
spree
[名詞]

a short period of time during which one does a particular activity in an extreme way without control, especially spending money

暴飲暴食, 浪費

暴飲暴食, 浪費

token
token
[名詞]

a piece of paper or a disc of metal or plastic used instead of money as a form of payment or to operate some machines

トークン, コイン

トークン, コイン

Ex: At the arcade, players use tokens to play the various games, which can be purchased from a token machine at the entrance. 
voucher
voucher
[名詞]

a digital code or a printed piece of paper that can be used instead of money when making a purchase or used to receive a discount

バウチャー, ギフト券

バウチャー, ギフト券

Ex: She received a gift voucher for her favorite restaurant as a birthday present. 
bodega
bodega
[名詞]

(in the US) a small grocery shop, especially in a neighborhood inhabited by a Spanish-speaking population

小さな食料品店, 雑貨屋

小さな食料品店, 雑貨屋

boutique
boutique
[名詞]

a small store in which fashionable clothes or accessories are sold

ブティック

ブティック

Ex: She found a beautiful dress at a boutique downtown and decided to splurge on it. 
delicatessen
delicatessen
[名詞]

a shop or section of a store that sells high-quality, ready-to-eat foods like cold cuts, cheeses, and salads

デリカテッセン, 高級食品店

デリカテッセン, 高級食品店

Ex: She bought fresh sandwiches and pasta salad from the delicatessen. 
emporium
emporium
[名詞]

a large retail store selling various goods, or a particular type of goods

大規模小売店, エンポリウム

大規模小売店, エンポリウム

kiosk
kiosk
[名詞]

a small store with an open front selling newspapers, etc.

キオスク, 新聞スタンド

キオスク, 新聞スタンド

Ex: She bought a magazine from the kiosk at the train station before boarding her train. 
laundromat
laundromat
[名詞]

a facility where coin-operated washing machines and dryers are available to customers

コインランドリー, セルフサービス洗濯場

コインランドリー, セルフサービス洗濯場

Ex: She went to the laundromat to wash her clothes. 
off-licence
off-licence
[名詞]

a shop selling alcoholic drinks to be taken away and consumed elsewhere

オフライセンス, 酒類をテイクアウトして飲むための店

オフライセンス, 酒類をテイクアウトして飲むための店

Ex: He went to the off-licence to buy a bottle of wine. 
parlor
parlor
[名詞]

a shop or business offering specific goods or services

パーラー, 店

パーラー, 店

pawnshop
pawnshop
[名詞]

a store in which one leaves personal belongings to get a loan, and if the money is not returned, the pawnbroker can possess or sell these objects

質屋, 担保貸し

質屋, 担保貸し

plaza
plaza
[名詞]

a type of shopping center, common in North America

ショッピングセンター, プラザ

ショッピングセンター, プラザ

Ex: The new plaza has a wide range of shops and restaurants. 
precinct
precinct
[名詞]

a commercial area in a city or a town that is closed to traffic

歩行者専用区域, 車両通行禁止の商業地域

歩行者専用区域, 車両通行禁止の商業地域

Ex: The shopping precinct was bustling with pedestrians enjoying the car-free environment. 
slopshop
slopshop
[名詞]

a store where cheap, ready-made clothing is available for purchase

安い既製服の店, 既製服の安売り店

安い既製服の店, 既製服の安売り店

proprietor
proprietor
[名詞]

the owner of a property or business

所有者, 経営者

所有者, 経営者

Ex: The proprietor of the bookstore greeted every customer personally. 
spendthrift
spendthrift
[名詞]

an individual who is in the habit of spending money in a careless and wasteful way

浪費家, 放蕩者

浪費家, 放蕩者

Ex: The spendthrift lifestyle was unsustainable and eventually caught up with him. 
vendor
vendor
[名詞]

someone on the street who offers food, clothing, etc. for sale

売り手, 商人

売り手, 商人

Ex: The vendor offered fresh fruit and snacks on the corner. 
wet market
wet market
[名詞]

a market in which fresh meat, fish, fruit, and vegetables are sold to customers, especially in Asia

ウェットマーケット, 生鮮市場

ウェットマーケット, 生鮮市場

wholesale
wholesale
[名詞]

the process or activity of selling goods in large quantities to businesses at a lower price

卸売り, 卸

卸売り, 卸

Ex: The store buys its products at wholesale to save on costs. 
toiletries
toiletries
[名詞]

products used in a bathroom for washing and taking care of one's body, such as soap, toothpaste, and shampoo

トイレタリー, 身体洗浄用品

トイレタリー, 身体洗浄用品

white goods
white goods
[名詞]

large electrical home appliances such as washing machines and refrigerators

白物家電, 大型家電製品

白物家電, 大型家電製品

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