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動物 - 動物の種類

ここでは、"哺乳類"、"害虫"、"霊長類"などの英語でのさまざまな種類の動物の名前を学びます。

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Words Related to Animals
mammal
[名詞]

a class of animals to which humans, cows, lions, etc. belong, have warm blood, fur or hair and typically produce milk to feed their young

哺乳類, 哺乳動物

哺乳類, 哺乳動物

Ex: Humans are classified as mammals because they nurse their young .人間は、子供に母乳を与えるため、**哺乳類**に分類されます。
amphibian
[名詞]

any cold-blooded animal with the ability to live both on land and in water, such as toads, frogs, etc.

両生類,  amphibian

両生類, amphibian

Ex: Some amphibians, such as the African clawed frog , are commonly kept as pets in home aquariums .アフリカツメガエルのような一部の**両生類**は、家庭の水槽でペットとして一般的に飼われています。
monotreme
[名詞]

any mammal that lays eggs and is only found in Australia, such as platypus

単孔類, 卵を産む哺乳類

単孔類, 卵を産む哺乳類

marsupial
[名詞]

any of the order of mammals that carry their young babies in a pouch, such as kangaroos, found either in Australia or Americas

有袋類, 有袋動物

有袋類, 有袋動物

arachnid
[名詞]

a class of terrestrial arthropods that breathe air and have four pairs of limbs, such as spiders, scorpions, etc.

クモ形類

クモ形類

insect
[名詞]

a small creature such as a bee or ant that has six legs, and generally one or two pairs of wings

昆虫, 虫

昆虫, 虫

Ex: The butterfly is a colorful and beautiful insect.蝶は色とりどりで美しい**昆虫**です。
bird
[名詞]

an animal with a beak, wings, and feathers that is usually capable of flying

鳥, 鳥

鳥, 鳥

Ex: We enjoyed hearing the bird's melodic song from afar .私たちは遠くから**鳥**のメロディックな歌を聞いて楽しみました。
fish
[名詞]

an animal with a tail, gills and fins that lives in water

魚, 魚

魚, 魚

Ex: We saw a group of fish swimming together near the coral reef .私たちはサンゴ礁の近くで一緒に泳いでいる**魚**の群れを見ました。
bug
[名詞]

any type of small insect

虫, 昆虫

虫, 昆虫

Ex: Some bugs are harmless , while others can be dangerous .一部の**虫**は無害ですが、他のものは危険な場合があります。
reptile
[名詞]

a class of animals to which crocodiles, lizards, etc. belong, characterized by having cold blood and scaly skin

爬虫類, 冷血動物

爬虫類, 冷血動物

Ex: Reptiles are cold-blooded and rely on external heat sources to regulate their body temperature .**爬虫類**は冷血動物で、体温を調節するために外部の熱源に依存しています。
rodent
[名詞]

any small mammal with a pair of strong front teeth, such as mice, hamsters, rats, etc.

齧歯類, 齧歯類

齧歯類, 齧歯類

Ex: Porcupines , although not commonly thought of as rodents , are classified in the rodent family and are known for their quills used as defense mechanisms .**齧歯類**、一般的にはそう考えられていませんが、ヤマアラシは齧歯類の家族に分類され、防御機構として使用される針で知られています。
pachyderm
[名詞]

any of the mammals that are categorized by thick skin and large hooves, such as elephants, rhinoceroses and hippopotami

厚皮動物, パキダーム

厚皮動物, パキダーム

flatfish
[名詞]

any bottom-dwelling marine fish with a flat body, a color similar to the seabed and both eyes on the upper side of the body

平らな魚, ヒラメ

平らな魚, ヒラメ

an aquatic animal that feeds at the bottom of a lake, river, etc.

底生動物, デトリタス食者

底生動物, デトリタス食者

bird of prey
[名詞]

a bird, such as an eagle or a hawk, that feeds on animal flesh

猛禽類, 猛禽

猛禽類, 猛禽

songbird
[名詞]

any bird that makes a musical call

鳴き鳥, 小鳥

鳴き鳥, 小鳥

queen
[名詞]

a large female insect that is fertile and can lay eggs in an insect colony

女王, 繁殖可能な雌

女王, 繁殖可能な雌

pack animal
[名詞]

a strong mammal used for carrying heavy loads, also known as a beast of burden

荷役動物, 運搬用動物

荷役動物, 運搬用動物

carnivore
[名詞]

an animal that feeds on the flesh of other animals

肉食動物, 肉食獣

肉食動物, 肉食獣

Ex: Hyenas are scavenging carnivores known for their distinctive laughs .ハイエナは、その特徴的な笑い声で知られる**肉食動物**のスカベンジャーです。
herbivore
[名詞]

any animal that only feeds on plants

草食動物

草食動物

Ex: Giraffes use their long necks to reach leaves high in trees , typical of herbivores.キリンは高い木の葉に届くために長い首を使います、**草食動物**に典型的です。
omnivore
[名詞]

an animal or person that feeds on a wide range of both plants and meat

雑食動物, 植物と肉の両方の広い範囲を食べる動物または人

雑食動物, 植物と肉の両方の広い範囲を食べる動物または人

Ex: The panda is a well-known omnivore, consuming bamboo shoots as well as small animals .パンダはよく知られた**雑食動物**で、竹の子や小動物を食べます。
insectivore
[名詞]

an animal that primarily feeds on insects or other small invertebrates

昆虫食動物, 昆虫を主食とする動物

昆虫食動物, 昆虫を主食とする動物

game bird
[名詞]

a bird that is hunted by people either for sport or food

猟鳥, ゲームバード

猟鳥, ゲームバード

any tropical bird, the male of which is colorful and displays unique courtship skills, originated in Papua New Guinea and Australia

極楽鳥, 風鳥

極楽鳥, 風鳥

any bird that migrates regularly from a region to another in different seasons of the year

seabird
[名詞]

a bird that lives near the sea

海鳥, 海の近くに住む鳥

海鳥, 海の近くに住む鳥

waterfowl
[名詞]

any aquatic bird, especially a game bird of fresh waters

水鳥, 水禽

水鳥, 水禽

vermin
[名詞]

small animals or insects that are believed to be destructive and are difficult to handle when they appear in a considerable number

害虫, 害獣

害虫, 害獣

Ex: During the medieval times , vermin like fleas and lice were rampant and often spread diseases .中世の間、ノミやシラミなどの**害虫**が蔓延し、しばしば病気を広めました。
predator
[名詞]

any animal that lives by hunting and eating other animals

捕食者, プレデター

捕食者, プレデター

Ex: Jaguars , with powerful jaws and keen senses , are top predators in the dense rainforests of South America .強力な顎と鋭い感覚を持つ**捕食者**は、南アメリカの密な熱帯雨林におけるトップ捕食者です。
game
[名詞]

wild animals or birds that are hunted for food or sport

Ex: Regulations control which game can be hunted and when .
arthropod
[名詞]

an invertebrate animal with a segmented body and a chitinous exoskeleton, such as a spider, crab, etc.

節足動物, アースロポッド

節足動物, アースロポッド

Ex: Arthropods molt their exoskeletons as they grow larger .**節足動物**は成長するにつれて外骨格を脱ぎます。
invertebrate
[名詞]

species that do not possess or cannot develop a spinal column, such as an arthropod, mollusk, etc.

無脊椎動物, 脊椎のない動物

無脊椎動物, 脊椎のない動物

Ex: She studied various invertebrates in biology class , including earthworms and jellyfish .彼女は生物学の授業でミミズやクラゲを含む様々な**無脊椎動物**を研究しました。
vertebrate
[名詞]

a large group of animals characterized by the possession of a backbone or spinal column, including mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fishes

脊椎動物, 脊椎を持つ動物

脊椎動物, 脊椎を持つ動物

poultry
[名詞]

turkeys, chickens, geese, ducks, etc. that are kept for their eggs and meat

家禽, 鶏肉

家禽, 鶏肉

Ex: He enjoys raising poultry in his backyard as a hobby .彼は趣味として裏庭で**家禽**を飼育することを楽しんでいます。
predatory
[形容詞]

(of wild animals) living by preying on other animals, especially live animals

捕食性の,  捕食者の

捕食性の, 捕食者の

Ex: The owl 's predatory gaze followed the movement of a mouse on the forest floor .フクロウの**捕食者の**視線が森の床の上のネズミの動きを追っていた。
prey
[名詞]

an animal that is hunted and eaten by another animal

獲物, 餌

獲物, 餌

Ex: The cheetah 's speed helps it catch fast-moving prey.
fowl
[名詞]

a domesticated bird that is particularly kept for its meat and eggs

家禽, 鳥

家禽, 鳥

Ex: Wild fowl, such as ducks and geese , migrate to warmer climates during winter .**家禽**、例えばアヒルやガチョウは、冬の間に暖かい気候に移動します。
big cat
[名詞]

any large wild animal of the cat family, such as lions, tigers, etc.

大きな猫, 大型の野生の猫

大きな猫, 大型の野生の猫

bovid
[形容詞]

a group of mammals, including cows, buffalo, bison, and antelopes, that are characterized by cloven hooves and ruminant digestion

ウシ科の, 反芻動物に関連する

ウシ科の, 反芻動物に関連する

antelope
[名詞]

a quadruped mammal with a slender build and curved horns that is native to Africa or Eurasia

アンテロープ, ガゼル

アンテロープ, ガゼル

primate
[名詞]

any mammalian animal that belongs to the same group as humans, such as monkeys, apes, lemurs, etc.

霊長類, 猿

霊長類, 猿

ruminant
[名詞]

a quadruped mammal that is herbivorous and has a complex digestive system from which it can bring the food back to its mouth and chew it again

反芻動物, ルミナント

反芻動物, ルミナント

vector
[名詞]

an organism, typically an insect or a tick, that transmits a pathogen or parasite from one host to another

ベクター, 媒介者

ベクター, 媒介者

stray
[名詞]

a domestic animal that is lost, abandoned or wandering without an owner

迷子の動物, 野良動物

迷子の動物, 野良動物

quadruped
[名詞]

an animal with four legs, such as dogs, cats, horses, and cows

四足動物, 四本足の動物

四足動物, 四本足の動物

polymorph
[名詞]

a type of marine invertebrate that can change its shape and form through a process called polymorphism

ポリモーフ, 多形生物

ポリモーフ, 多形生物

pollinator
[名詞]

an animal, typically an insect or a bird, that transfers pollen from one flower to another

花粉媒介者, ポリネーター

花粉媒介者, ポリネーター

pest
[名詞]

an insect or small animal that destroys or damages crops, food, etc.

害虫, 害虫

害虫, 害虫

mollusk
[名詞]

any invertebrate that lives in aquatic or damp habitats and has a soft unsegmented body, often covered with a shell

軟体動物, 貝殻

軟体動物, 貝殻

Ex: Some mollusks, like snails , move slowly using a muscular foot .カタツムリのような一部の**軟体動物**は、筋肉質の足を使ってゆっくりと移動します。
gastropod
[名詞]

a type of mollusk with a single, usually spirally coiled shell, a muscular foot, and a head with sensory tentacles and a mouth

腹足類, 巻貝

腹足類, 巻貝

a fish that can not survive in salty waters and usually lives in lakes or rivers

淡水魚, 淡水に生息する魚

淡水魚, 淡水に生息する魚

a fish that can survive in salty water and lives in oceans, also known as marine fish

塩水魚, 海魚

塩水魚, 海魚

sea fish
[名詞]

a fish that can survive the salty water of the sea

海の魚, 海水魚

海の魚, 海水魚

wildlife
[名詞]

all wild animals, considered as a whole, living in the natural environment

野生生物, 野生動物

野生生物, 野生動物

Ex: The government has enacted laws to protect local wildlife.政府は地元の**野生生物**を保護するため法律を制定した。
動物
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