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動物 - 魚や昆虫などの解剖学

ここでは「ヒレ」「触角」「触手」など、魚や昆虫などの解剖学に関係する単語を英語で学びます。

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Words Related to Animals
head
[名詞]

the front part of an insect's body that contains the eyes, antennae, mouth, and other sensory parts, and is connected to the rest of the body by a small joint called the neck

頭(あたま), 頭部(とうぶ)

頭(あたま), 頭部(とうぶ)

abdomen
[名詞]

the anterior part of an insect, especially an arthropod, behind the thorax

腹部, 腹

腹部, 腹

thorax
[名詞]

the middle part in the body of an insect between the head and the abdomen that bears the limbs or wings

胸部(きょうぶ), トラキア(とらきあ)

胸部(きょうぶ), トラキア(とらきあ)

antenna
[名詞]

(zoology) any of the pair of sensory appendages on the head of an insect, crustacean or arthropod

触角, アンテナ

触角, アンテナ

simple eye
[名詞]

a type of eye found in some invertebrates that consists of a single lens

単眼(たんがん), シンプルアイ

単眼(たんがん), シンプルアイ

compound eye
[名詞]

a complex visual organ with multiple lenses found in insects and crustaceans

複眼, コンパウンドアイ

複眼, コンパウンドアイ

feeler
[名詞]

any of the pair of tentacles of an insect or crustacean that help them to sense touch or taste

触覚(しょっかく), アンテナ

触覚(しょっかく), アンテナ

gossamer
[名詞]

the fine, delicate strands of silk that form a spider's web, known for their ethereal and wispy nature

クモの糸, 薄絹(うすぎぬ)

クモの糸, 薄絹(うすぎぬ)

pincer
[名詞]

any of the sharp curved organs of an arthropod or insect, such as a crab, lobster, etc.

はさみ,  pincers(ピンセ)

はさみ, pincers(ピンセ)

Ex: While exploring the tide pools , the children were cautious of the small crabspincers, which could deliver a sharp pinch if provoked .
proboscis
[名詞]

a long, tubular feeding organ found in many insects, such as butterflies, moths, and flies, which is used to suck up nectar, other liquids, or in some cases, blood

口吻 (こうふん), プロボシス

口吻 (こうふん), プロボシス

segment
[名詞]

one of the parts that make up the insects' body and are repeated, like the head, thorax, and abdomen, and each one usually has a pair of legs and other structures

体節 (たいせつ), セグメント

体節 (たいせつ), セグメント

stinger
[名詞]

a sharp, pointed organ found in certain animals that is used to inject venom or deliver a painful sting

毒針(どくばり), トゲ

毒針(どくばり), トゲ

sucker
[名詞]

a round organ on the body of some animals that helps them stick to a surface

吸盤(きゅうばん), 吸引器(きゅういんき)

吸盤(きゅうばん), 吸引器(きゅういんき)

vein
[名詞]

a rigid, branching structure that provides support and strength to the wing, allowing for controlled flight

翼脈(よくみゃく), 翼の静脈(つばさのじょうみゃく)

翼脈(よくみゃく), 翼の静脈(つばさのじょうみゃく)

endoskeleton
[名詞]

the internal bony structure of an animal that gives it form and supports its weight

内骨格, エンドスケルトン

内骨格, エンドスケルトン

exoskeleton
[名詞]

the hard outer covering that supports the body of an animal, such as an arthropod

外骨格, エクソスケルトン

外骨格, エクソスケルトン

Ex: A grasshopperexoskeleton allows it to jump long distances .
fin
[名詞]

a thin flat membrane of the body of many sea creatures, used for swimming and keeping balance

ヒレ, 鰭

ヒレ, 鰭

venom
[名詞]

the poisonous substance produced by some snakes, scorpions, or spiders to kill their prey or to defend themselves from predators

毒液 (どくえき), 毒 (どく)

毒液 (どくえき), 毒 (どく)

Ex: The doctor administered an antivenom to counteract the effects of the snakevenom.
tentacle
[名詞]

any of the various flexible limbs of an animal, especially an invertebrate, which enable it to move or hold things

触手 (しょくしゅ), テントacle (てんとうあく)

触手 (しょくしゅ), テントacle (てんとうあく)

gill
[名詞]

an organ of a fish or an amphibian through which it can obtain the oxygen that is dissolved in water

えら, 鰓(さい)

えら, 鰓(さい)

pectoral fin
[名詞]

a paired, wing-like appendage located on the sides of the body of fish, used for stability, maneuverability, and generating lift during swimming

胸鰭(むねひれ), ペクトラルフィン

胸鰭(むねひれ), ペクトラルフィン

vent
[名詞]

the rectum or external opening in some animals, such as a fish, bird, etc., through which waste is passed

排泄口, ベント

排泄口, ベント

prothorax
[名詞]

the foremost segment of the thorax in insects and other arthropods

前胸部, プロトラックス

前胸部, プロトラックス

mesothorax
[名詞]

the middle segment of the thorax in animals, typically bearing the middle legs and forewings in insects

中胸(ちゅうきょう), メソトラハクス

中胸(ちゅうきょう), メソトラハクス

metathorax
[名詞]

the posterior of the three segments that make up the thorax, located behind the mesothorax and typically bearing the hind legs and the hindwings in insects

メタトラハク, メタトラクス

メタトラハク, メタトラクス

forewing
[名詞]

the anterior wing of an insect, typically larger and more developed than the hindwing, that plays a key role in flight

前翅(ぜんし), 前翼(ぜんよく)

前翅(ぜんし), 前翼(ぜんよく)

hindwing
[名詞]

the posterior pair of wings in insects, located on the metathorax, and typically used for balance, maneuverability, and gliding during flight

後翅(こうし), 後ろ翼(うしろよく)

後翅(こうし), 後ろ翼(うしろよく)

hindgut
[名詞]

the last section of the digestive tract, which includes the colon, rectum, and cloaca

後腸, 後消化管

後腸, 後消化管

oviduct
[名詞]

(anatomy) each of the pair of tubes in the female body through which eggs pass to the ovary

卵管, オビダクト

卵管, オビダクト

mouthpart
[名詞]

the specialized structures located around the mouth used for feeding, grooming, and other related functions

口器, 口部構造

口器, 口部構造

operculum
[名詞]

a protective covering or lid-like structure that can be found in various organisms, such as fish, snails, and some insects

蓋(がい), オペルクルム

蓋(がい), オペルクルム

lateral line
[名詞]

a sensory system found in fish and some aquatic animals that detects changes in water pressure

側線, ラテラルライン

側線, ラテラルライン

dorsal fin
[名詞]

a prominent fin located on the back of fish and certain marine mammals, providing stability

背びれ, 背鰭

背びれ, 背鰭

adipose fin
[名詞]

a small, fleshy fin located on the back of some fish, typically behind the dorsal fin

脂肪鰭 (しぼうひれ), アディポスフィン

脂肪鰭 (しぼうひれ), アディポスフィン

tail fin
[名詞]

the posterior part of a fish or aquatic animal's body, composed of fins that provide propulsion and maneuverability

尾ひれ, テールフィン

尾ひれ, テールフィン

Ex: Marine biologists study the anatomy tail fins to understand how different species navigate underwater .
photophore
[名詞]

a light-emitting organ found in certain animals, such as deep-sea fishes and cephalopods, which is used for communication, camouflage, or attracting prey or mates

発光器, 光器

発光器, 光器

pelvic fin
[名詞]

a pair of paired fins located on the ventral side of a fish's body which aid in stability, maneuverability, and sometimes reproductive functions

骨盤鰭 (こつばんひ), 腹鰭 (はらひ)

骨盤鰭 (こつばんひ), 腹鰭 (はらひ)

barbel
[名詞]

a slender, thread-like projection on the head of certain fish, usually positioned near the mouth

ひげ, ヒゲ

ひげ, ヒゲ

動物
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