TOEFL のための上級語彙 - エンジニアリングとエレクトロニクス

a field of study that deals with the building, designing, developing, etc. of structures, bridges, or machines

工学

the branch of physics and electrical engineering that focuses on designing circuits that use transistors and microchips

電子工学

a small semiconductor device, used in television and radio sets, able to amplify or rectify an electric current

トランジスタ

a solid substance that conducts electricity or heat better than insulators, but not as well as most metals

半導体

an electric current that flows only in one direction

直流電流, DC

a thin board on which the circuits are printed

回路基板, プリント基板

a failure in a circuit caused when the electricity flows in the wrong route due to wire damage or fault in the connections of wires

ショートサーキット

a conductor through which electricity travels to or from an object, such as batteries

電極

the electronic potential and force whose measurement unit is volts

電圧, ボルト

an electric device that is used to increase or decrease the voltage of an alternating current

変圧器, トランス

a piece of electronic equipment used for sending electromagnetic waves carrying radio or television signals

送信機, トランスミッター

an electric device that is used to accumulate electric charge

コンデンサー, キャパシタ

to allow heat or electricity be transmitted

伝導する, 送る

to firmly attach or tighten something using a turning metal fastener

ねじ込む, 締める

a piece of metal like a thick nail without a point that used to secure assembled parts by passing through holes and tightening with a nut

ボルト, ねじ

a flat piece of metal with a hole in the middle through which a bolt is put to secure or fasten objects together

ナット, リング

a wheel with a set of square or triangular teeth sticking out around the edge that fits into the edge of a similar wheel, causing both wheels to turn

歯車, コグ

an electronic device with two terminals, typically allowing the flow of current in one direction only

ダイオード

an electrical device that is used to stop or control the flow of current in a circuit in case it is too strong

ヒューズ, 回路保護装置

a machine that produces electricity by converting mechanical energy into electrical energy

発電機, ジェネレーター

a device that allows movement between mechanical parts of a machine or converts backward and forward motion into circular movement

クランク, クランク棒

a metal bar in an engine that enables movement and power to be transmitted from one part to another

シャフト, 棒

an instrument that automatically controls the temperature of a room, machine, etc.

サーモスタット, 温度調節器

a device that allows steam, liquid, etc. to escape a machine, if the pressure inside the machine becomes too high

安全弁, セイフティバルブ

an area of technology that is concerned with the study or use of robots

ロボティクス

an electronic device that uses a small electrical current to control a larger current, acting like an automatic switch

リレー

a piece of equipment for generating oscillating electric currents or voltages by non-mechanical means

オシレーター

a substance that doesn't conduct heat, sound, etc.

絶縁体

a device that converts the energy of the sun into electricity

太陽電池, 光起電力セル

the rotating part of a machine that revolves around a stationary part

ローター

to provide new electrical wiring for a building or machine

再配線する, 配線をやり直す

an electric current that reverses direction periodically, typically used in power distribution systems due to its efficiency in long-distance transmission

交流電流, 交互電流