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Masulong na Bokabularyo para sa TOEFL - Engineering at Electronics

Dito matututunan mo ang ilang salitang Ingles tungkol sa engineering at electronics, tulad ng "transistor", "electrode", "voltage", atbp. na kailangan para sa TOEFL exam.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
engineering
engineering
[Pangngalan]

a field of study that deals with the building, designing, developing, etc. of structures, bridges, or machines

inhinyeriya

inhinyeriya

Ex: Engineering requires strong skills in mathematics and physics .Ang **engineering** ay nangangailangan ng malakas na kasanayan sa matematika at pisika.
electronics
electronics
[Pangngalan]

the branch of physics and electrical engineering that focuses on designing circuits that use transistors and microchips

elektronika

elektronika

transistor
transistor
[Pangngalan]

a small semiconductor device, used in television and radio sets, able to amplify or rectify an electric current

transistor, transistor

transistor, transistor

semiconductor
semiconductor
[Pangngalan]

a solid substance that conducts electricity or heat better than insulators, but not as well as most metals

semiconductor, semikonduktor

semiconductor, semikonduktor

dc
dc
[Pangngalan]

an electric current that flows only in one direction

direktang kasalukuyan, DC

direktang kasalukuyan, DC

circuit board
circuit board
[Pangngalan]

a thin board on which the circuits are printed

board ng circuit, nakalimbag na circuit board

board ng circuit, nakalimbag na circuit board

short circuit
short circuit
[Pangngalan]

a failure in a circuit caused when the electricity flows in the wrong route due to wire damage or fault in the connections of wires

maikling circuit, short

maikling circuit, short

electrode
electrode
[Pangngalan]

a conductor through which electricity travels to or from an object, such as batteries

elektrod, konduktor ng kuryente

elektrod, konduktor ng kuryente

voltage
voltage
[Pangngalan]

total potential energy provided by a power source

boltahe, tensiyon

boltahe, tensiyon

Ex: Industrial machines require 480V to operate.Ang mga makina pang-industriya ay nangangailangan ng 480 **boltahe** upang gumana.
transformer
transformer
[Pangngalan]

an electric device that is used to increase or decrease the voltage of an alternating current

transformer, voltage converter

transformer, voltage converter

Ex: The transformer converts alternating current ( AC ) from one voltage level to another , making it a key component in the power grid .Ang **transformer** ay nagko-convert ng alternating current (AC) mula sa isang voltage level patungo sa isa pa, na ginagawa itong isang pangunahing sangkap sa power grid.
transmitter
transmitter
[Pangngalan]

a piece of electronic equipment used for sending electromagnetic waves carrying radio or television signals

transmitter, pandayag

transmitter, pandayag

capacitor
capacitor
[Pangngalan]

an electric device that is used to accumulate electric charge

kondensador, kapasitor

kondensador, kapasitor

to conduct
to conduct
[Pandiwa]

to allow heat or electricity be transmitted

maghatid, magdala

maghatid, magdala

Ex: Certain ceramics are engineered to conduct electricity for use in electronics .Ang ilang mga ceramic ay ininhinyero upang **maghatid** ng kuryente para magamit sa electronics.
to screw
to screw
[Pandiwa]

to firmly attach or tighten something using a turning metal fastener

magturnilyo, higpitan

magturnilyo, higpitan

Ex: To hang the painting securely , he screwed the picture hook into the wall stud .Para maayos na maikabit ang painting, **iniyuskó** niya ang picture hook sa wall stud.
bolt
bolt
[Pangngalan]

a piece of metal like a thick nail without a point that used to secure assembled parts by passing through holes and tightening with a nut

turnilyo, perno

turnilyo, perno

Ex: The mechanic replaced the rusted bolt with a new one .Pinalitan ng mekaniko ang kalawang na **bolt** ng bago.
nut
nut
[Pangngalan]

a flat piece of metal with a hole in the middle through which a bolt is put to secure or fasten objects together

turnilyo, perno

turnilyo, perno

Ex: The engineer specified stainless steel nuts and bolts for the outdoor furniture to prevent rusting.Tinukoy ng engineer ang mga **nut** at bolts na stainless steel para sa outdoor furniture upang maiwasan ang kalawang.
cog
cog
[Pangngalan]

a wheel with a set of square or triangular teeth sticking out around the edge that fits into the edge of a similar wheel, causing both wheels to turn

gulong na may ngipin, engranaje

gulong na may ngipin, engranaje

Ex: A computer simulation helped engineers optimize the design of the cog to maximize its strength and durability under different loads .Isang simulation sa kompyuter ang nakatulong sa mga inhinyero na i-optimize ang disenyo ng **gir** upang mapakinabangan ang lakas at tibay nito sa ilalim ng iba't ibang load.
diode
diode
[Pangngalan]

an electronic device with two terminals, typically allowing the flow of current in one direction only

diode, electronic device na may dalawang terminal

diode, electronic device na may dalawang terminal

fuse
fuse
[Pangngalan]

an electrical device that is used to stop or control the flow of current in a circuit in case it is too strong

piyus, fusible

piyus, fusible

Ex: Modern homes often use circuit breakers instead of fuses.Ang mga modernong bahay ay madalas gumamit ng mga circuit breaker sa halip na **fuse**.
generator
generator
[Pangngalan]

a machine that produces electricity by converting mechanical energy into electrical energy

henerador, alternador

henerador, alternador

Ex: Portable generators are useful during camping trips or emergencies to provide temporary electrical power .Ang mga portable na **generator** ay kapaki-pakinabang sa panahon ng mga camping trip o emergency upang magbigay ng pansamantalang kuryente.
crank
crank
[Pangngalan]

a device that allows movement between mechanical parts of a machine or converts backward and forward motion into circular movement

pihitan, ehe ng pihitan

pihitan, ehe ng pihitan

Ex: The crankshaft is a critical component in internal combustion engines, converting linear piston motion into rotational motion to drive the vehicle.Ang **crankshaft** ay isang kritikal na bahagi sa mga internal combustion engine, na nagko-convert ng linear na paggalaw ng piston sa rotational motion upang mapaandar ang sasakyan.
shaft
shaft
[Pangngalan]

a metal bar in an engine that enables movement and power to be transmitted from one part to another

ehe, baras

ehe, baras

thermostat
thermostat
[Pangngalan]

an instrument that automatically controls the temperature of a room, machine, etc.

termostat

termostat

Ex: Installing a digital thermostat can help reduce heating and cooling costs by providing more accurate temperature control .Ang pag-install ng digital na **thermostat** ay makakatulong na mabawasan ang mga gastos sa pag-init at paglamig sa pamamagitan ng pagbibigay ng mas tumpak na kontrol sa temperatura.
safety valve
safety valve
[Pangngalan]

a device that allows steam, liquid, etc. to escape a machine, if the pressure inside the machine becomes too high

bálbula ng kaligtasan, bálbula ng seguridad

bálbula ng kaligtasan, bálbula ng seguridad

robotics
robotics
[Pangngalan]

an area of technology that is concerned with the study or use of robots

robotics, agham ng mga robot

robotics, agham ng mga robot

relay
relay
[Pangngalan]

an electronic device that uses a small electrical current to control a larger current, acting like an automatic switch

relay, awtomatikong switch

relay, awtomatikong switch

Ex: Troubleshooting the malfunctioning relay revealed a burnt coil , which was quickly replaced to restore the system 's functionality .Ang pag-troubleshoot sa sira na **relay** ay nagbunyag ng isang nasunog na coil, na mabilis na pinalitan upang maibalik ang paggana ng sistema.
oscillator
oscillator
[Pangngalan]

a piece of equipment for generating oscillating electric currents or voltages by non-mechanical means

osilador, henerador ng osilasyon

osilador, henerador ng osilasyon

insulator
insulator
[Pangngalan]

a substance that doesn't conduct heat, sound, etc.

insula, pang-insulate

insula, pang-insulate

Ex: Ceramic materials are often used as insulators in high-voltage equipment .Ang mga materyales na seramik ay madalas na ginagamit bilang **insulator** sa mga kagamitang high-voltage.
solar cell
solar cell
[Pangngalan]

a device that converts the energy of the sun into electricity

solar cell, photovoltaic cell

solar cell, photovoltaic cell

Ex: Installing solar cells on rooftops can reduce dependence on fossil fuels and lower electricity bills .Ang pag-install ng **solar cells** sa mga bubungan ay maaaring mabawasan ang pagdepende sa fossil fuels at babaan ang mga bayarin sa kuryente.
rotor
rotor
[Pangngalan]

the rotating part of a machine that revolves around a stationary part

rotor, umiikot na bahagi

rotor, umiikot na bahagi

to rewire
to rewire
[Pandiwa]

to replace or install new electrical wiring in something, like a building or a machine

muling ikable, mag-install ng bagong electrical wiring

muling ikable, mag-install ng bagong electrical wiring

Ex: The mechanic had to rewire parts of the car to fix the electrical issue .Kinailangan ng mekaniko na **muling magkabit ng mga wire** sa mga bahagi ng kotse para ayusin ang electrical issue.
alternating current

an electric current that reverses direction periodically, typically used in power distribution systems due to its efficiency in long-distance transmission

alternating current, AC

alternating current, AC

Ex: The voltage of alternating current can be easily transformed using transformers for different applications .Ang boltahe ng **alternating current** ay madaling mababago gamit ang mga transformer para sa iba't ibang aplikasyon.
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