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Vocabulário Avançado para o TOEFL - Engenharia e Eletrônica

Aqui você aprenderá algumas palavras em inglês sobre engenharia e eletrônica, como "transistor", "eletrodo", "tensão" etc., necessárias para o exame TOEFL.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
engineering
[substantivo]

a field of study that deals with the building, designing, developing, etc. of structures, bridges, or machines

engenharia, engenheiros

engenharia, engenheiros

Ex: Engineering requires strong skills in mathematics and physics .
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electronics
[substantivo]

the branch of physics and electrical engineering that focuses on designing circuits that use transistors and microchips

eletrônica, electrônica

eletrônica, electrônica

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transistor
[substantivo]

a small semiconductor device, used in television and radio sets, able to amplify or rectify an electric current

transistor, transistor semicondutor

transistor, transistor semicondutor

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semiconductor
[substantivo]

a solid substance that conducts electricity or heat better than insulators, but not as well as most metals

semicondutor, substância semicondutora

semicondutor, substância semicondutora

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dc
[substantivo]

an electric current that flows only in one direction

corrente contínua, corrente unidirecional

corrente contínua, corrente unidirecional

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circuit board
[substantivo]

a thin board on which the circuits are printed

placa de circuito, placa de circuito impresso

placa de circuito, placa de circuito impresso

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short circuit
[substantivo]

a failure in a circuit caused when the electricity flows in the wrong route due to wire damage or fault in the connections of wires

curto-circuito, curto-circuito elétrico

curto-circuito, curto-circuito elétrico

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electrode
[substantivo]

a conductor through which electricity travels to or from an object, such as batteries

elétron, eletrodo

elétron, eletrodo

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voltage
[substantivo]

the electronic potential and force whose measurement unit is volts

tensão, voltagem

tensão, voltagem

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transformer
[substantivo]

an electric device that is used to increase or decrease the voltage of an alternating current

transformador, transformador elétrico

transformador, transformador elétrico

Ex: transformer converts alternating current ( AC ) from one voltage level to another , making it a key component in the power grid .
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transmitter
[substantivo]

a piece of electronic equipment used for sending electromagnetic waves carrying radio or television signals

transmissor, emissor

transmissor, emissor

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capacitor
[substantivo]

an electric device that is used to accumulate electric charge

capacitor, condensador

capacitor, condensador

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to conduct
[verbo]

to allow heat or electricity be transmitted

conduzir, transmitir

conduzir, transmitir

Ex: Certain ceramics are engineered conduct electricity for use in electronics .
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to screw
[verbo]

to firmly attach or tighten something using a turning metal fastener

aparafusar, fixar

aparafusar, fixar

Ex: To hang the painting securely , screwed the picture hook into the wall stud .
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bolt
[substantivo]

a piece of metal like a thick nail without a point that used to secure assembled parts by passing through holes and tightening with a nut

taco, parafuso

taco, parafuso

Ex: The mechanic replaced the bolt with a new one .
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nut
[substantivo]

a flat piece of metal with a hole in the middle through which a bolt is put to secure or fasten objects together

porca, moeda

porca, moeda

Ex: The engineer specified stainless steel nuts and bolts for the outdoor furniture to prevent rusting.
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cog
[substantivo]

a wheel with a set of square or triangular teeth sticking out around the edge that fits into the edge of a similar wheel, causing both wheels to turn

dente de engrenagem, cog

dente de engrenagem, cog

Ex: A computer simulation helped engineers optimize the design of cog to maximize its strength and durability under different loads .
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diode
[substantivo]

an electronic device with two terminals, typically allowing the flow of current in one direction only

diodo, diodo eletrônico

diodo, diodo eletrônico

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fuse
[substantivo]

an electrical device that is used to stop or control the flow of current in a circuit in case it is too strong

fusível, fusão eléctrica

fusível, fusão eléctrica

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generator
[substantivo]

a machine that produces electricity by converting mechanical energy into electrical energy

gerador, gerador elétrico

gerador, gerador elétrico

Ex: generators are useful during camping trips or emergencies to provide temporary electrical power .
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crank
[substantivo]

a device that allows movement between mechanical parts of a machine or converts backward and forward motion into circular movement

manivela, crank

manivela, crank

Ex: The crankshaft is a critical component in internal combustion engines, converting linear piston motion into rotational motion to drive the vehicle.
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shaft
[substantivo]

a metal bar in an engine that enables movement and power to be transmitted from one part to another

eixo, shafts

eixo, shafts

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thermostat
[substantivo]

an instrument that automatically controls the temperature of a room, machine, etc.

termóstato, termostato

termóstato, termostato

Ex: Installing a thermostat can help reduce heating and cooling costs by providing more accurate temperature control .
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safety valve
[substantivo]

a device that allows steam, liquid, etc. to escape a machine, if the pressure inside the machine becomes too high

válvula de segurança, válvula de alívio

válvula de segurança, válvula de alívio

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robotics
[substantivo]

an area of technology that is concerned with the study or use of robots

robótica, tecnologia de robôs

robótica, tecnologia de robôs

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relay
[substantivo]

an electronic device that uses a small electrical current to control a larger current, acting like an automatic switch

relé, comutador

relé, comutador

Ex: Troubleshooting the relay revealed a burnt coil , which was quickly replaced to restore the system 's functionality .
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oscillator
[substantivo]

a piece of equipment for generating oscillating electric currents or voltages by non-mechanical means

oscilador, oscilante

oscilador, oscilante

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insulator
[substantivo]

a substance that doesn't conduct heat, sound, etc.

isolante, material isolante

isolante, material isolante

Ex: Ceramic materials are often used insulators in high-voltage equipment .
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solar cell
[substantivo]

a device that converts the energy of the sun into electricity

célula solar, painel solar

célula solar, painel solar

Ex: solar cells on rooftops can reduce dependence on fossil fuels and lower electricity bills .
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rotor
[substantivo]

the rotating part of a machine that revolves around a stationary part

rotor, hélice

rotor, hélice

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to rewire
[verbo]

to replace or install new electrical wiring in something, like a building or a machine

Ex: The mechanic rewire parts of the car to fix the electrical issue .
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alternating current
[substantivo]

an electric current that reverses direction periodically, typically used in power distribution systems due to its efficiency in long-distance transmission

corrente alternada, corrente elétrica alternada

corrente alternada, corrente elétrica alternada

Ex: The voltage alternating current can be easily transformed using transformers for different applications .
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