Vocabulário Avançado para o TOEFL - Engenharia e Eletrônica

a field of study that deals with the building, designing, developing, etc. of structures, bridges, or machines

engenharia

the branch of physics and electrical engineering that focuses on designing circuits that use transistors and microchips

eletrónica

a small semiconductor device, used in television and radio sets, able to amplify or rectify an electric current

transistor

a solid substance that conducts electricity or heat better than insulators, but not as well as most metals

semicondutor

an electric current that flows only in one direction

corrente contínua, CC

a thin board on which the circuits are printed

placa de circuito, placa de circuito impresso

a failure in a circuit caused when the electricity flows in the wrong route due to wire damage or fault in the connections of wires

curto-circuito

a conductor through which electricity travels to or from an object, such as batteries

eletrodo

the electronic potential and force whose measurement unit is volts

tensão, voltagem

an electric device that is used to increase or decrease the voltage of an alternating current

transformador, aparelho transformador

a piece of electronic equipment used for sending electromagnetic waves carrying radio or television signals

transmissor, emissor

an electric device that is used to accumulate electric charge

capacitor, condençador

to allow heat or electricity be transmitted

conduzir, transmitir

to firmly attach or tighten something using a turning metal fastener

aparafusar, apertar

a piece of metal like a thick nail without a point that used to secure assembled parts by passing through holes and tightening with a nut

parafuso, pino

a flat piece of metal with a hole in the middle through which a bolt is put to secure or fasten objects together

porca, anel

a wheel with a set of square or triangular teeth sticking out around the edge that fits into the edge of a similar wheel, causing both wheels to turn

dente, engrenagem

an electronic device with two terminals, typically allowing the flow of current in one direction only

diodo

an electrical device that is used to stop or control the flow of current in a circuit in case it is too strong

fusível, dispositivo de segurança

a machine that produces electricity by converting mechanical energy into electrical energy

gerador, máquina geradora

a device that allows movement between mechanical parts of a machine or converts backward and forward motion into circular movement

manivela, crank

a metal bar in an engine that enables movement and power to be transmitted from one part to another

eixo, haste

an instrument that automatically controls the temperature of a room, machine, etc.

termóstato, regulador de temperatura

a device that allows steam, liquid, etc. to escape a machine, if the pressure inside the machine becomes too high

válvula de segurança, válvula de escape

an area of technology that is concerned with the study or use of robots

robótica

an electronic device that uses a small electrical current to control a larger current, acting like an automatic switch

relé

a piece of equipment for generating oscillating electric currents or voltages by non-mechanical means

oscilador

a substance that doesn't conduct heat, sound, etc.

isolante

a device that converts the energy of the sun into electricity

célula solar, célula fotovoltaica

the rotating part of a machine that revolves around a stationary part

rotor

to provide new electrical wiring for a building or machine

re-cabeamento, refazer a fiação

an electric current that reverses direction periodically, typically used in power distribution systems due to its efficiency in long-distance transmission

corrente alternada, corrente elétrica alternada