used to indicate the placement or arrangement of things next to a long surface or line

wzdłuż, wzdłuż
the land close to a sea, ocean, or lake

wybrzeże, brzeg
to cover a significant distance or expanse

rozciągać się, ciągnąć się
the pointed or extreme end of an object

czubek, koniuszek
used to show that something happened or is true, even though there was a difficulty or obstacle that might have prevented it

pomimo, mimo
used to describe the typical or average value or amount based on a set of data or observations

średnio
the way the land, water, and other natural parts of an area are shaped and arranged

geografia, konfiguracja geograficzna
an area of scenery visible in a single view

krajobraz, panorama
extremely interesting or captivating

fascynujący, porywający
a society that has developed its own culture and institutions in a particular period of time or place

cywilizacja, społeczeństwo
the act of taking control of another country and sending people to settle there

kolonizacja
the state of being free from the control of others

niepodległość, autonomia
the act of arriving at a place from somewhere else

przybycie, przyjazd
relating to the original inhabitants of a particular region or country, who have distinct cultural, social, and historical ties to that land

rdzenny, autochtoniczny
the city or town that is considered to be the political center of a country or state, from which the government operates

stolica
a confrontation or clash between opposing groups or individuals

konflikt, starcie
someone who starts or creates something like a company or organization

założyciel, założycielka
a remarkable natural feature or phenomenon that is extraordinary or awe-inspiring

cud natury, niezwykłe zjawisko przyrodnicze
showing a variety of distinct types or qualities

różnorodny, zróżnicowany
places that tourists are interested in, particularly those with historical, cultural, or natural significance

zabytki, atrakcje turystyczne
a flat expanse of salt left by the evaporation of a body of salt water

słonisko, równina solna
a mountain with an opening on its top, from which melted rock and ash can be pushed out into the air

wulkan, góra wulkaniczna
a natural hot spring that periodically erupts with a column of boiling water and steam due to underground volcanic activity

gejzer, naturalne gorące źródło okresowo wyrzucające słup wrzącej wody i pary
to be the most noticeable or influential person or thing in a situation

dominować, przewyższać
having an impressive height

imponujący, gigantyczny
a situation or a chance where doing or achieving something particular becomes possible or easier

okazja, szansa
the pointed top of a mountain

szczyt, wierzchołek
a large mass of ice that forms over long periods of time, especially in polar regions or high mountains

lodowiec, lód stały
the place where someone or something is headed

cel
a person who searchers for and enjoys taking risks, particularly in unfamiliar or dangerous situations

awanturnik, odkrywca
a group of mountains or hills in a line

łańcuch górski, pasmo górskie
the boundary between land and water, particularly as seen on a map or from above

linia brzegowa, wybrzeże
a large black-and-white seabird that lives in the Antarctic, and can not fly but uses its wings for swimming

pingwin, ptak antarktyczny
a large sea animal with flippers that eats fish, can live on land and in water, and is hunted by humans for its fur

foka, lew morski
an overall, conscious recognition or understanding of a situation, feeling, or environment

zmysł, uczucie
to combine different substances together

mieszać, łączyć
to occur at a specific time or location
a traditional dance passed through generations, often tied to a specific culture or region

taniec ludowy, taniec tradycyjny
the period of time when two people are getting to know each other romantically with the intention of getting married

narzeczeństwo, zaloty
the popular fashion including hairstyle, clothes, etc. particular to a country or class

strój, tradycyjny strój
a method or style of cooking that is specific to a country or region

kuchnia
to soak food in a seasoned liquid, typically containing oil, vinegar, herbs, and spices, to enhance its flavor and softness before cooking

marynować, macerować
any fruit with a sour taste, such as oranges, limes, and tangerines

cytrus, kwaśny owoc
a dish of vegetables or meat cooked at a low temperature in liquid in a closed container

gulasz, duszone mięso
an egg boiled gently until both the white and the yolk solidify

jajko na twardo
a structure or a place that is historically important

zabytek, historyczny punkt orientacyjny
difficult or impossible to comprehend or explain

tajemniczy, zagadkowy
a large object created to look like a person or animal from hard materials such as stone, metal, or wood

posąg, rzeźba
to shape or create by cutting or sculpting, often using tools or a sharp instrument

rzeźbić, wycinać
a person or animal that resides in a particular place

mieszkaniec, rezydent
to confuse someone, often by presenting something mysterious or difficult to understand

wprawiać w zakłopotanie, dezorientować
someone who studies or records historical events

historyk, historyczka
extremely large or heavy

masywny, ogromny
resources (actual and potential) supplied by nature

zasoby naturalne, zasoby naturalne
a metallic chemical element that has a red-brown color, primarily used as a conductor in wiring

miedź, czerwony metal
remaining constant or steady over time

stabilny, stały
the level of wealth, welfare, comfort, and necessities available to an individual, group, country, etc.
a piece of land on which grapes are grown to make wine

winnica
a metric unit of volume or capacity equal to 1000 liters

metr sześcienny, sześcienny metr
a type of boat that is light and has an opening in the top in which the paddler sits

kajak, łódka kajakowa
to be situated or established in a particular place

znajdować się, mieścić się
