Linguística - Neurolinguistics

a condition in which an individual has difficulties with the comprehension or expression of language, which may affect their ability to communicate effectively and use language appropriately in various contexts

transtorno de linguagem, distúrbio da linguagem

a region in the brain responsible for speech production and language processing

área de Broca, zona de Broca

a region of the brain involved in language comprehension and processing

área de Wernicke, região de Wernicke

a difficulty or impairment in word finding or word retrieval

anomalia, dificuldade em encontrar palavras

a language disorder resulting from brain damage or injury that impairs an individual's ability to understand, produce, and use language

afasia

a type of language disorder characterized by difficulty in producing fluent and grammatically complex speech while comprehension remains relatively intact

afasia de Broca, afasia brocaica

a rare genetic disorder characterized by distinctive facial features, developmental delays, and a unique cognitive profile, including strong verbal abilities and sociable personality traits

síndrome de Williams

a rare childhood neurological disorder characterized by the sudden or gradual onset of language regression, seizures, and abnormal electroencephalogram patterns

Síndrome de Landau-Kleffner, Síndrome de regressão da linguagem de Landau-Kleffner

a severe form of language impairment that affects all aspects of language comprehension and production, resulting in significant difficulties in speaking, understanding, reading, and writing

afasia global

a language disorder characterized by impaired comprehension and fluent speech, often accompanied by paraphasic errors and preserved repetition skills, due to damage in the posterior language areas of the brain

afasia sensorial transcortical, afasia transcortical sensorial

a language disorder characterized by non-fluent speech output, limited vocabulary, and difficulty initiating and executing speech, typically caused by damage to the frontal regions of the brain involved in language production

afasia motora transcortical, afasia transcortical motora

a speech disorder characterized by difficulties in producing and organizing speech sounds, resulting in speech that is unclear, difficult to understand, or distorted

transtorno fonológico, distúrbio fonológico

a communication disorder characterized by difficulties in both understanding and expressing language, including difficulties with vocabulary, grammar, comprehension, and verbal expression

transtorno misto de linguagem receptivo-expressivo, transtorno de linguagem combinado receptivo e expressivo

a communication disorder characterized by difficulties in understanding or processing spoken language, including difficulties with comprehension, following instructions, and understanding the meaning of words and sentences

distúrbio da linguagem receptiva, desordem de linguagem receptiva

a communication disorder characterized by difficulties in expressing oneself through spoken or written language, including difficulties with vocabulary, grammar, sentence formation, and conveying thoughts and ideas effectively

distúrbio da linguagem expressiva, transtorno de linguagem expressiva

a speech disorder characterized by disruptions in the flow of speech, such as repetitions, prolongations, and blocks, affecting the smooth and fluent production of language

gagueira, disartria

a specific learning disorder that affects writing skills, causing difficulties with handwriting, spelling, and written expression

disgrafia

communication disorder characterized by difficulties in understanding and using language in social contexts, including challenges with interpreting and conveying meaning, understanding non-literal language, and engaging in effective social interactions

trastorno pragmático semântico, distúrbio semântico pragmático

a condition in which individuals experience difficulties with reading, writing, spelling, or expressing themselves verbally due to underlying challenges in language processing and comprehension

distúrbio de aprendizagem baseado na linguagem, deficiência de aprendizagem linguística

an anxiety disorder characterized by a consistent failure to speak in specific social situations despite having the ability to speak in other contexts

mutismo seletivo, silêncio seletivo

a specific learning disorder characterized by difficulties with accurate and fluent word recognition, reading comprehension, and spelling, despite normal intelligence and adequate educational opportunities

dislexia de desenvolvimento, dislexia específica

a condition where a person has ongoing difficulties in learning and using language, usually without any known reason or related problems with thinking or senses

distúrbio específico de linguagem, impedimento específico de linguagem

a motor speech disorder that affects the muscles used for speech production, resulting in difficulties with articulation, pronunciation, and overall intelligibility

disartria

a motor speech disorder characterized by difficulty planning and coordinating the movements required for speech production, leading to inconsistent and inaccurate speech

apraxia verbal, transtorno de planejamento verbal

a term used to describe a symptom of severe disorganized thinking and speech, often associated with certain mental disorders, in which the words and phrases are jumbled and lack coherent meaning or logical connection

salada de palavras, mistura de palavras

an unintentional error in speech that occurs when a person produces a different word or phrase than what they intended to say

erro de fala, erro de discurso

a mishearing or misinterpretation of speech or sound due to perceptual or cognitive factors

a language disorder characterized by the omission or impairment of grammatical elements and structures in speech and writing

agramatismo

a language disorder caused by damage to the Wernicke's area of the brain, resulting in fluent but nonsensical speech, poor comprehension, and difficulty finding the right words

afasia de Wernicke, transtorno de linguagem de Wernicke

a language disorder characterized by the inability to repeat words or phrases despite intact comprehension and fluent speech

afasia de condução

the natural process through which individuals acquire and develop language skills, including phonetics, vocabulary, grammar, and pragmatics, typically occurring during childhood

aquisição de linguagem, aprendizado de linguagem