Linguistics - Neurolinguistics

a condition in which an individual has difficulties with the comprehension or expression of language, which may affect their ability to communicate effectively and use language appropriately in various contexts

语言障碍

a region in the brain responsible for speech production and language processing

布罗卡区

a region of the brain involved in language comprehension and processing

韦尼克区

a difficulty or impairment in word finding or word retrieval

失语症

a language disorder resulting from brain damage or injury that impairs an individual's ability to understand, produce, and use language

失语症

a type of language disorder characterized by difficulty in producing fluent and grammatically complex speech while comprehension remains relatively intact

布罗卡失语症

a rare genetic disorder characterized by distinctive facial features, developmental delays, and a unique cognitive profile, including strong verbal abilities and sociable personality traits

威廉姆斯综合征

a rare childhood neurological disorder characterized by the sudden or gradual onset of language regression, seizures, and abnormal electroencephalogram patterns

兰道-克莱夫纳综合症

a severe form of language impairment that affects all aspects of language comprehension and production, resulting in significant difficulties in speaking, understanding, reading, and writing

全球性失语症

a language disorder characterized by impaired comprehension and fluent speech, often accompanied by paraphasic errors and preserved repetition skills, due to damage in the posterior language areas of the brain

横贯皮层感觉性失语症

a language disorder characterized by non-fluent speech output, limited vocabulary, and difficulty initiating and executing speech, typically caused by damage to the frontal regions of the brain involved in language production

横向运动性失语症

a speech disorder characterized by difficulties in producing and organizing speech sounds, resulting in speech that is unclear, difficult to understand, or distorted

音位障碍

a communication disorder characterized by difficulties in both understanding and expressing language, including difficulties with vocabulary, grammar, comprehension, and verbal expression

混合接收-表达语言障碍

a communication disorder characterized by difficulties in understanding or processing spoken language, including difficulties with comprehension, following instructions, and understanding the meaning of words and sentences

接收性语言障碍

a communication disorder characterized by difficulties in expressing oneself through spoken or written language, including difficulties with vocabulary, grammar, sentence formation, and conveying thoughts and ideas effectively

表达性语言障碍

a speech disorder characterized by disruptions in the flow of speech, such as repetitions, prolongations, and blocks, affecting the smooth and fluent production of language

口吃

a specific learning disorder that affects writing skills, causing difficulties with handwriting, spelling, and written expression

书写障碍

communication disorder characterized by difficulties in understanding and using language in social contexts, including challenges with interpreting and conveying meaning, understanding non-literal language, and engaging in effective social interactions

语义语用障碍

a condition in which individuals experience difficulties with reading, writing, spelling, or expressing themselves verbally due to underlying challenges in language processing and comprehension

基于语言的学习障碍

an anxiety disorder characterized by a consistent failure to speak in specific social situations despite having the ability to speak in other contexts

选择性缄默症

a specific learning disorder characterized by difficulties with accurate and fluent word recognition, reading comprehension, and spelling, despite normal intelligence and adequate educational opportunities

发展性阅读障碍

a condition where a person has ongoing difficulties in learning and using language, usually without any known reason or related problems with thinking or senses

特定语言障碍

a motor speech disorder that affects the muscles used for speech production, resulting in difficulties with articulation, pronunciation, and overall intelligibility

构音障碍

a motor speech disorder characterized by difficulty planning and coordinating the movements required for speech production, leading to inconsistent and inaccurate speech

言语性失用症

a term used to describe a symptom of severe disorganized thinking and speech, often associated with certain mental disorders, in which the words and phrases are jumbled and lack coherent meaning or logical connection

词语沙拉

an unintentional error in speech that occurs when a person produces a different word or phrase than what they intended to say

发言错误

a mishearing or misinterpretation of speech or sound due to perceptual or cognitive factors

a language disorder characterized by the omission or impairment of grammatical elements and structures in speech and writing

无语法主义

a language disorder caused by damage to the Wernicke's area of the brain, resulting in fluent but nonsensical speech, poor comprehension, and difficulty finding the right words

韦尼克失语症

a language disorder characterized by the inability to repeat words or phrases despite intact comprehension and fluent speech

传导性失语症

the natural process through which individuals acquire and develop language skills, including phonetics, vocabulary, grammar, and pragmatics, typically occurring during childhood

语言习得