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Lingvistika - Neurolinguistics

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova související s neurolingvistikou jako „anomia“, „stuttering“ a „dysarthria“.

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Words Related to Linguistics
language disorder
[Podstatné jméno]

a condition in which an individual has difficulties with the comprehension or expression of language, which may affect their ability to communicate effectively and use language appropriately in various contexts

jazyková porucha, porucha jazyka

jazyková porucha, porucha jazyka

Broca's area
[Podstatné jméno]

a region in the brain responsible for speech production and language processing

Brocova oblast, Brocova zóna

Brocova oblast, Brocova zóna

Wernicke's area
[Podstatné jméno]

a region of the brain involved in language comprehension and processing

Wernickeova oblast, Wernickeova zóna

Wernickeova oblast, Wernickeova zóna

anomia
[Podstatné jméno]

a difficulty or impairment in word finding or word retrieval

anomie, anomia

anomie, anomia

aphasia
[Podstatné jméno]

a language disorder resulting from brain damage or injury that impairs an individual's ability to understand, produce, and use language

afázie, porucha řeči

afázie, porucha řeči

Broca's aphasia
[Podstatné jméno]

a type of language disorder characterized by difficulty in producing fluent and grammatically complex speech while comprehension remains relatively intact

Brocova afázie, Brocova afázia

Brocova afázie, Brocova afázia

Williams syndrome
[Podstatné jméno]

a rare genetic disorder characterized by distinctive facial features, developmental delays, and a unique cognitive profile, including strong verbal abilities and sociable personality traits

Williamsův syndrom, Williamsův syndrom (genetická porucha)

Williamsův syndrom, Williamsův syndrom (genetická porucha)

Landau-Kleffner Syndrome
[Podstatné jméno]

a rare childhood neurological disorder characterized by the sudden or gradual onset of language regression, seizures, and abnormal electroencephalogram patterns

Landau-Kleffnerův syndrom, Landau-Kleffnerův syndrom (onemocnění)

Landau-Kleffnerův syndrom, Landau-Kleffnerův syndrom (onemocnění)

global aphasia
[Podstatné jméno]

a severe form of language impairment that affects all aspects of language comprehension and production, resulting in significant difficulties in speaking, understanding, reading, and writing

globální afázie, celková afázie

globální afázie, celková afázie

a language disorder characterized by impaired comprehension and fluent speech, often accompanied by paraphasic errors and preserved repetition skills, due to damage in the posterior language areas of the brain

transkortikální senzorická afasie, transkortikální senzorická afázie

transkortikální senzorická afasie, transkortikální senzorická afázie

transcortical motor aphasia
[Podstatné jméno]

a language disorder characterized by non-fluent speech output, limited vocabulary, and difficulty initiating and executing speech, typically caused by damage to the frontal regions of the brain involved in language production

transkortikální motorická afázie, transkortikální motorická dysfázie

transkortikální motorická afázie, transkortikální motorická dysfázie

phonological disorder
[Podstatné jméno]

a speech disorder characterized by difficulties in producing and organizing speech sounds, resulting in speech that is unclear, difficult to understand, or distorted

fonologická porucha, porucha fonologie

fonologická porucha, porucha fonologie

a communication disorder characterized by difficulties in both understanding and expressing language, including difficulties with vocabulary, grammar, comprehension, and verbal expression

smíšená receptivně-expresivní jazyková porucha, smíšená porucha receptivního a expresivního jazyka

smíšená receptivně-expresivní jazyková porucha, smíšená porucha receptivního a expresivního jazyka

receptive language disorder
[Podstatné jméno]

a communication disorder characterized by difficulties in understanding or processing spoken language, including difficulties with comprehension, following instructions, and understanding the meaning of words and sentences

porucha recepčního jazyka, porucha vnímání jazyka

porucha recepčního jazyka, porucha vnímání jazyka

expressive language disorder
[Podstatné jméno]

a communication disorder characterized by difficulties in expressing oneself through spoken or written language, including difficulties with vocabulary, grammar, sentence formation, and conveying thoughts and ideas effectively

porucha expresivního jazyka, porucha vyjadřovacího jazyka

porucha expresivního jazyka, porucha vyjadřovacího jazyka

stuttering
[Podstatné jméno]

a speech disorder characterized by disruptions in the flow of speech, such as repetitions, prolongations, and blocks, affecting the smooth and fluent production of language

dyslálie, koktání

dyslálie, koktání

dysgraphia
[Podstatné jméno]

a specific learning disorder that affects writing skills, causing difficulties with handwriting, spelling, and written expression

dysgrafie, porucha psaní

dysgrafie, porucha psaní

semantic pragmatic disorder
[Podstatné jméno]

communication disorder characterized by difficulties in understanding and using language in social contexts, including challenges with interpreting and conveying meaning, understanding non-literal language, and engaging in effective social interactions

semanticko-pragmatická porucha, porucha sémantiky a pragmatiky

semanticko-pragmatická porucha, porucha sémantiky a pragmatiky

a condition in which individuals experience difficulties with reading, writing, spelling, or expressing themselves verbally due to underlying challenges in language processing and comprehension

jazykově podmíněná porucha učení, porucha učení na základě jazyka

jazykově podmíněná porucha učení, porucha učení na základě jazyka

selective mutism
[Podstatné jméno]

an anxiety disorder characterized by a consistent failure to speak in specific social situations despite having the ability to speak in other contexts

výběrová mutismus, selektivní mutismus

výběrová mutismus, selektivní mutismus

developmental dyslexia
[Podstatné jméno]

a specific learning disorder characterized by difficulties with accurate and fluent word recognition, reading comprehension, and spelling, despite normal intelligence and adequate educational opportunities

vývojová dyslexie, rozvojová dyslexie

vývojová dyslexie, rozvojová dyslexie

specific language impairment
[Podstatné jméno]

a condition where a person has ongoing difficulties in learning and using language, usually without any known reason or related problems with thinking or senses

specifické poruchy jazyka, specifická jazyková porucha

specifické poruchy jazyka, specifická jazyková porucha

dysarthria
[Podstatné jméno]

a motor speech disorder that affects the muscles used for speech production, resulting in difficulties with articulation, pronunciation, and overall intelligibility

dysartrie, motorická porucha řeči

dysartrie, motorická porucha řeči

verbal apraxia
[Podstatné jméno]

a motor speech disorder characterized by difficulty planning and coordinating the movements required for speech production, leading to inconsistent and inaccurate speech

verbální apraxie, apraxie řeči

verbální apraxie, apraxie řeči

word salad
[Podstatné jméno]

a term used to describe a symptom of severe disorganized thinking and speech, often associated with certain mental disorders, in which the words and phrases are jumbled and lack coherent meaning or logical connection

slovní salát, chaotická řeč

slovní salát, chaotická řeč

speech error
[Podstatné jméno]

an unintentional error in speech that occurs when a person produces a different word or phrase than what they intended to say

řečová chyba, chyba ve vyjadřování

řečová chyba, chyba ve vyjadřování

a mishearing or misinterpretation of speech or sound due to perceptual or cognitive factors

Ex: The siblings misunderstood each other due to a slip of the ear during their phone conversation .
agrammatism
[Podstatné jméno]

a language disorder characterized by the omission or impairment of grammatical elements and structures in speech and writing

agramatismus, agramatizmus

agramatismus, agramatizmus

Wernicke’s aphasia
[Podstatné jméno]

a language disorder caused by damage to the Wernicke's area of the brain, resulting in fluent but nonsensical speech, poor comprehension, and difficulty finding the right words

Wernickeova afázie, Wernickeova porucha řeči

Wernickeova afázie, Wernickeova porucha řeči

conduction aphasia
[Podstatné jméno]

a language disorder characterized by the inability to repeat words or phrases despite intact comprehension and fluent speech

konduktní afázie, afázie v kondukci

konduktní afázie, afázie v kondukci

language acquisition
[Podstatné jméno]

the natural process through which individuals acquire and develop language skills, including phonetics, vocabulary, grammar, and pragmatics, typically occurring during childhood

jazyková akvizice, osvojení jazyka

jazyková akvizice, osvojení jazyka

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