Lingvistică - Neurolinguistics

a condition in which an individual has difficulties with the comprehension or expression of language, which may affect their ability to communicate effectively and use language appropriately in various contexts

tulburare de limbaj, disfuncție de limbaj

a region in the brain responsible for speech production and language processing

zona Broca, areal Broca

a region of the brain involved in language comprehension and processing

zona Wernicke, areal Wernicke

a difficulty or impairment in word finding or word retrieval

anomie, dificultate în găsirea cuvintelor

a language disorder resulting from brain damage or injury that impairs an individual's ability to understand, produce, and use language

afazie

a type of language disorder characterized by difficulty in producing fluent and grammatically complex speech while comprehension remains relatively intact

afazie Broca, afazia Broca

a rare genetic disorder characterized by distinctive facial features, developmental delays, and a unique cognitive profile, including strong verbal abilities and sociable personality traits

sindromul Williams

a rare childhood neurological disorder characterized by the sudden or gradual onset of language regression, seizures, and abnormal electroencephalogram patterns

Sindromul Landau-Kleffner, Sindromul regresiei limbajului Landau-Kleffner

a severe form of language impairment that affects all aspects of language comprehension and production, resulting in significant difficulties in speaking, understanding, reading, and writing

afazie globală

a language disorder characterized by impaired comprehension and fluent speech, often accompanied by paraphasic errors and preserved repetition skills, due to damage in the posterior language areas of the brain

afazie senzorială transcorticală, afazie transcorticală senzorială

a language disorder characterized by non-fluent speech output, limited vocabulary, and difficulty initiating and executing speech, typically caused by damage to the frontal regions of the brain involved in language production

afazia motorie transcorticală, afazie transcorticală motorie

a speech disorder characterized by difficulties in producing and organizing speech sounds, resulting in speech that is unclear, difficult to understand, or distorted

tulburare fonologică, dezordine fonologică

a communication disorder characterized by difficulties in both understanding and expressing language, including difficulties with vocabulary, grammar, comprehension, and verbal expression

tulburare mixtă de limbaj receptiv-expressiv, tulburare de limbaj receptor-expressor mixt

a communication disorder characterized by difficulties in understanding or processing spoken language, including difficulties with comprehension, following instructions, and understanding the meaning of words and sentences

tulburare de limbaj receptiv, disfuncție de limbaj receptiv

a communication disorder characterized by difficulties in expressing oneself through spoken or written language, including difficulties with vocabulary, grammar, sentence formation, and conveying thoughts and ideas effectively

tulburare de limbaj expresiv, tulburare expresivă a limbajului

a speech disorder characterized by disruptions in the flow of speech, such as repetitions, prolongations, and blocks, affecting the smooth and fluent production of language

bâlbâială, tulburare de vorbire

a specific learning disorder that affects writing skills, causing difficulties with handwriting, spelling, and written expression

disgrafie

communication disorder characterized by difficulties in understanding and using language in social contexts, including challenges with interpreting and conveying meaning, understanding non-literal language, and engaging in effective social interactions

tulburare semantică pragmatică, disordine pragmatică-semantică

a condition in which individuals experience difficulties with reading, writing, spelling, or expressing themselves verbally due to underlying challenges in language processing and comprehension

tulburare de învățare bazată pe limbaj, disabilitate de învățare lingvistică

an anxiety disorder characterized by a consistent failure to speak in specific social situations despite having the ability to speak in other contexts

mutism selectiv, tăcere selectivă

a specific learning disorder characterized by difficulties with accurate and fluent word recognition, reading comprehension, and spelling, despite normal intelligence and adequate educational opportunities

dislexie de dezvoltare, dislexie specifică

a condition where a person has ongoing difficulties in learning and using language, usually without any known reason or related problems with thinking or senses

deficiență specifică de limbaj, tulburare specifică de limbaj

a motor speech disorder that affects the muscles used for speech production, resulting in difficulties with articulation, pronunciation, and overall intelligibility

disartrie

a motor speech disorder characterized by difficulty planning and coordinating the movements required for speech production, leading to inconsistent and inaccurate speech

apraxie verbală, tulburare de planificare verbală

a term used to describe a symptom of severe disorganized thinking and speech, often associated with certain mental disorders, in which the words and phrases are jumbled and lack coherent meaning or logical connection

salată de cuvinte, amestec de cuvinte

an unintentional error in speech that occurs when a person produces a different word or phrase than what they intended to say

eroare de vorbire, eroare de discurs

a mishearing or misinterpretation of speech or sound due to perceptual or cognitive factors

a language disorder characterized by the omission or impairment of grammatical elements and structures in speech and writing

agramatism

a language disorder caused by damage to the Wernicke's area of the brain, resulting in fluent but nonsensical speech, poor comprehension, and difficulty finding the right words

afazia Wernicke, tulburare de limbaj Wernicke

a language disorder characterized by the inability to repeat words or phrases despite intact comprehension and fluent speech

afazie de conducție

the natural process through which individuals acquire and develop language skills, including phonetics, vocabulary, grammar, and pragmatics, typically occurring during childhood

dobândirea limbii, învățarea limbii