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Vocabular pentru IELTS Academic (Scor 8-9) - Matematică și grafice

Aici veți învăța câteva cuvinte în limba engleză legate de matematică și grafice care sunt necesare pentru examenul Academic IELTS.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (8)
variance
[substantiv]

a measure of the dispersion or spread of a set of data points in statistics, representing the average squared deviation from the mean

varianță, dispersie

varianță, dispersie

Ex: Variance is an important concept in probability theory and is used in various statistical analyses, such as hypothesis testing and regression analysis.
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algorithm
[substantiv]

a finite sequence of well-defined, mathematical instructions for completing a specific task or solving a problem

algoritm, algoritm finit

algoritm, algoritm finit

Ex: The Fast Fourier Transform ( FFTalgorithm efficiently computes the discrete Fourier transform of a sequence or its inverse .
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derivative
[substantiv]

the rate at which a function changes with respect to its independent variable

derivat, derivată

derivat, derivată

Ex: The chain rule allows finding the derivative of composite functions, crucial for analyzing complex mathematical expressions.
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integral
[substantiv]

a mathematical concept representing the total accumulation of a quantity, often represented by the area under a curve on a graph

integrală, integrală definită

integrală, integrală definită

Ex: The definite integral of a probability density function gives the probability of an event occurring within a specified range.
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limit
[substantiv]

the value that a function or sequence approaches as its input or index gets close to a particular value

limita, limită

limita, limită

Ex: Evaluating limit of a difference quotient leads to the definition of a derivative in calculus .
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matrix
[substantiv]

a rectangular array of numbers or symbols organized in rows and columns, commonly used in linear algebra for representing equations, transformations, and vector operations

matrice, tabel

matrice, tabel

Ex: Matrix addition and subtraction are performed element-wise , combining corresponding elements of matrices.
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calculus
[substantiv]

the branch of mathematics that comprises differentials and integrals

calcul, calcul diferenţial

calcul, calcul diferenţial

Ex: Differential equations are a key topic calculus.
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catastrophe theory
[substantiv]

a branch of mathematics that studies and classifies phenomena characterized by sudden shifts in behavior arising from small changes in circumstances

teoria catastrofelor, teoria catastrofelor

teoria catastrofelor, teoria catastrofelor

Ex: Catastrophe theory has also been used to analyze the stability of ecosystems , the dynamics of animal behavior , and the onset of psychiatric disorders , providing insights into the underlying mechanisms driving these phenomena .
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donut chart
[substantiv]

a circular graphic, similar to a pie chart, with a blank center, used to represent proportional data

diagramă donație, diagramă donut

diagramă donație, diagramă donut

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flow chart
[substantiv]

a graphic representation of the step-by-step sequence of functions in a computer program

diagramă de flux, hartă de flux

diagramă de flux, hartă de flux

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bubble chart
[substantiv]

a graphical representation using circles (bubbles) to display three dimensions of data: two on the axis and one represented by the bubble size

grafic cu bule, diagramă cu bule

grafic cu bule, diagramă cu bule

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quartile
[substantiv]

a statistical measure that divides a dataset into four equal parts, representing points that indicate the distribution of the data

quartil, quartila

quartil, quartila

Ex: Quartiles are particularly useful in statistics to summarize the position of values within a dataset .
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candlestick chart
[substantiv]

a financial chart used to represent price movements, typically displaying open, high, low, and close values for a specific time period

grafice cu lumânări, diagramă cu lumânări

grafice cu lumânări, diagramă cu lumânări

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cross section
[substantiv]

the non-empty area formed by the intersection of a solid object in three-dimensional space and a plane, or the corresponding concept in higher-dimensional spaces

secțiune transversală, secțiune

secțiune transversală, secțiune

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