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Vocabulario para IELTS Academic (Puntuación 8-9) - Matemáticas y Gráficos

Aquí, aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés relacionadas con las matemáticas y los gráficos que son necesarias para el examen académico IELTS.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (8)
variance
variance
[Sustantivo]

a measure of the dispersion or spread of a set of data points in statistics, representing the average squared deviation from the mean

varianza

varianza

Ex: In statistics, variance is a measure of how spread out the values in a data set are around the mean. 
algorithm
algorithm
[Sustantivo]

a finite sequence of well-defined, mathematical instructions for completing a specific task or solving a problem

algoritmo

algoritmo

Ex: The Euclidean algorithm is used to find the greatest common divisor of two integers. 
derivative
derivative
[Sustantivo]

the rate at which a function changes with respect to its independent variable

derivada, derivación

derivada, derivación

Ex: Calculating the derivative of a position function yields the velocity function, describing the rate of change of position with respect to time. 
integral
integral
[Sustantivo]

a mathematical concept representing the total accumulation of a quantity, often represented by the area under a curve on a graph

integral, integral definida

integral, integral definida

Ex: The definite integral of a velocity function over a time interval gives the total displacement of an object during that time. 
limit
limit
[Sustantivo]

the value that a function or sequence approaches as its input or index gets close to a particular value

límite

límite

Ex: In calculus, the concept of a limit is essential for defining derivatives, as it involves understanding how a function behaves near a given point. 
matrix
matrix
[Sustantivo]

a rectangular array of numbers or symbols organized in rows and columns, commonly used in linear algebra for representing equations, transformations, and vector operations

matriz

matriz

Ex: A 2x3 matrix represents a collection of numbers organized in two rows and three columns. 
calculus
calculus
[Sustantivo]

the branch of mathematics that comprises differentials and integrals

cálculo

cálculo

Ex: Calculus is used to find the area under a curve. 
catastrophe theory
catastrophe theory
[Sustantivo]

a branch of mathematics that studies and classifies phenomena characterized by sudden shifts in behavior arising from small changes in circumstances

teoría de las catástrofes, teoría de la catástrofe

teoría de las catástrofes, teoría de la catástrofe

Ex: Catastrophe theory, introduced by French mathematician René Thom in the 1960s, is a branch of mathematics that studies sudden changes in the behavior of systems as a result of small changes in inputs or parameters. 
donut chart
donut chart
[Sustantivo]

a circular graphic, similar to a pie chart, with a blank center, used to represent proportional data

gráfico de anillo, diagrama de donut

gráfico de anillo, diagrama de donut

flow chart
flow chart
[Sustantivo]

a graphic representation of the step-by-step sequence of functions in a computer program

diagrama de flujo, flujograma

diagrama de flujo, flujograma

bubble chart
bubble chart
[Sustantivo]

a graphical representation using circles (bubbles) to display three dimensions of data: two on the axis and one represented by the bubble size

gráfico de burbujas, diagrama de burbujas

gráfico de burbujas, diagrama de burbujas

quartile
quartile
[Sustantivo]

a statistical measure that divides a dataset into four equal parts, representing points that indicate the distribution of the data

cuartil, un cuartil

cuartil, un cuartil

Ex: The first quartile, Q1, marks the 25th percentile of a dataset, indicating the value below which 25% of the data falls. 
candlestick chart
candlestick chart
[Sustantivo]

a financial chart used to represent price movements, typically displaying open, high, low, and close values for a specific time period

gráfico de velas, diagrama de velas

gráfico de velas, diagrama de velas

cross section
cross section
[Sustantivo]

the non-empty area formed by the intersection of a solid object in three-dimensional space and a plane, or the corresponding concept in higher-dimensional spaces

corte transversal

corte transversal

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